载人地月混合轨道一次脉冲应急返回轨道分析

对于载人地月转移任务，应急返回轨道是航天员安全返回地球的保障。针对载人混合轨道地月转移对安全性要求高的特点，基于载人地月混合轨道，提出了3种一次脉冲的应急返回轨道，即直接返回、即刻机动绕月返回及绕月后机动返回等模式。研究了不同时刻发生故障后，利用3种应急模式返回地球的转移时间和速度增量等特性，研究了载人地月转移全过程出现故障后的应急方式，总结了3种应急模式的应用特点及优劣，可为载人月球探测任务顶层任务分析与设计提供参考。     

试验IP网故障分析策略及方法应用

针对试验IP（互联网协议）网建设和使用中遇到的网络问题,从TCP（传输控制协议）/IP网络原理和试验IP网的结构模型出发,对网络故障排查方法进行了总结,给出网络分层模型分析法、网络连接结构分析法和网络检测分析法相结合的故障排查策略。对某次测控信息联调中接收不到网络数据的真实故障案例进行了分析,运用网络检测工具对故障进行排查,依据网络结构对故障进行定位,依据网络协议对故障进行分析,验证了该方法可以使问题分析层次清晰、定位准确。     

一种综合通信导航识别系统的多波形部署方案设计

针对拥有多个相同任务通道的综合通信导航识别系统的多波形部署问题,提出了一种采用静态策略 的多通道多波形部署设计方案。本方案基于软件通信体系结构设计,实现了多波形应用与多个任务通道的匹配 机制和根据静态策略在多个任务通道上部署波形的机制。     

空间交会策略回顾及自主快速交会方案研究

介绍了已实施的几种典型的空间交会策略.通过分析现在的2~3d交会方案以及国外最新发展的4圈快速交会方案,总结了实现快速交会所要解决的主要技术问题.针对中国空间交会技术的发展需求,提出了一种自主快速交会方案.对比现有的4圈快速交会方案,该方案所允许的追踪航天器和目标航天器的初始相位角范围大大增加,但燃料消耗基本保持不变,这对开展实际工程有较好的指导意义.     

基于星上动态指令调度的卫星使用效能提升技术

针对传统任务管理模式采用静态约束指令序列导致卫星使用效能的不足,提出一种基于有向图模型的动态约束自适应任务管理方案。采用面向用户的星地任务控制接口,利用地面仿真和星上实时遥测获取任务运行过程的动态约束参数,星载计算机据此动态生成任务指令序列。针对某高性能光学卫星的仿真试验表明,与传统任务管理模式相比,卫星操作接口复杂度减少88.5%,任务注入效率提升699%,有效载荷数据传输效率提升10%,全球数据获取能力提升11%,对我国区域的实时数据获取能力提升100%。方案对遥感卫星在轨运行管理具有借鉴意义。     

航天器资源约束的时间拓扑排序处理方法

针对航天器自主任务规划中的资源受限、约束复杂、活动并行等问题,提出了基于时间拓扑排序的航天器资源计算方法。考虑规划结果中资源产生及消耗,采用资源约束网络模型表示规划中动作的资源需求。通过分析资源变化与动作执行时间的关系,在资源处理过程中对资源约束网络的资源突变时刻进行拓扑排序,优化了流量推进路径的选择过程,时间复杂度为O(n 2 )。数值仿真结果表明,算法提高了规划过程中资源处理的效率。     

Biobjective planning of GEO debris removal mission with multiple servicing spacecrafts

The mission planning of GEO debris removal with multiple servicing spacecrafts (SScs) is studied in this paper. Specifically, the SScs are considered to be initially on the GEO belt, and they should rendezvous with debris of different orbital slots and different inclinations, remove them to the graveyard orbit and finally return to their initial locations. Three key problems should be resolved here: task assignment, mission sequence planning and transfer trajectory optimization for each SSc. The minimum-cost, two-impulse phasing maneuver is used for each rendezvous. The objective is to find a set of optimal planning schemes with minimum fuel cost and travel duration. Considering this mission as a hybrid optimal control problem, a mathematical model is proposed. A modified multi-objective particle swarm optimization is employed to address the model. Numerous examples are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model and solution method. In this paper, single-SSc and multiple-SSc scenarios with the same amount of fuel are compared. Numerous experiments indicate that for a definite GEO debris removal mission, that which alternative (single-SSc or multiple-SSc) is better (cost less fuel and consume less travel time) is determined by many factors. Although in some cases, multiple-SSc scenarios may perform worse than single-SSc scenarios, the extra costs are considered worth the gain in mission safety and robustness.     

基于多阶段决策的侦察卫星任务规划研究

为解决侦察卫星任务规划中合理分配任务和避免信息传输冲突的问题,建立了基于多阶段决策的侦察卫星任务规划模型,包括任务分配模型和传输调度模型,并根据运筹学的基本原理,给出了求解模型的基本方法,从求解结果来看,该模型具有一定的理论与应用价值。     

Traverses for the ISECG-GER design reference mission for humans on the lunar surface

This study explores the Design Reference Mission (DRM) architecture developed by Hufenbach et al. (2015) as a prelude to the release of the 2018 Global Exploration Roadmap (GER) developed by the International Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG). The focus of this study is the exploration of the south polar region of the Moon, a region that has not been visited by any human missions, yet exhibits a multitude of scientifically important locations – the investigation of which will address long standing questions in lunar research. This DRM architecture involves five landing sites (Malapert massif, South Pole/Shackleton crater, Schrödinger basin, Antoniadi crater, and the South Pole-Aitken basin center), to be visited in sequential years by crew, beginning in 2028. Two Lunar Electric Rovers (LER) are proposed to be tele-robotically operated between sites to rendez-vous with crew at the time of the next landing. With engineering parameters in mind we explore the feasibility of tele-robotic operation of these LERs between lunar landing sites, and identify potential high interest sampling locations en-route. Additionally, in-depth sample collection and return traverses are identified for each individual landing site across key geologic terrains that also detail crew Extra-Vehicular Activity (EVA). Exploration at and between landing sites is designed to address a suite of National Research Council (2007) scientific concepts.     

圆轨道航天器在轨加注任务空间燃料站部署问题

在轨服务技术因在航天器故障修复、寿命延长及军事方面有重大辅助作用而越来越受到各航天大国的重视,作为在轨服务技术重要组成部分的在轨燃料补给技术也越来越受到关注。文章针对圆轨道航天器在轨燃料加注任务,将空间燃料站技术与多目标在轨加注技术相结合,对基于燃料站的在轨加注模式进行了研究,提出了一种基于聚类分析的在轨加注任务调度及优化算法。通过对双脉冲轨道转移问题的求解与分析,获得了轨道转移速度增量和轨道参数之间的关系,在此基础上分析了圆轨道航天器在轨加注任务调度问题,并根据调度模型的变量和约束关系,建立了圆轨道航天器在轨加注任务多目标规划模型,并采用免疫遗传算法对加注任务调度空间燃料站选址问题进行了研究。以30颗目标航天器的在轨加注任务为例进行了数值仿真,并由燃料消耗的计算结果验证了算法的有效性。