基于位姿测量不确定度的飞机对接质量评估

针对基于位姿的数字化测量辅助飞机大部件对接技术的发展与应用,对位姿测量不确定度以及基于不确定度的质量评价方法进行了研究.给出了数字化对接环境下大部件位姿的数学表达形式及意义.提出了基于协方差矩阵的位姿测量不确定度解析算法,并通过仿真算例与蒙特卡洛仿真法进行了对比,验证了该算法的有效性.给出了飞机大部件对接过程数字化测量工艺能力指数的概念,用于对测量结果的可信性进行评价;通过构建位姿测量不确定度与对接质量评估指标间的映射关系,提出了一种基于位姿测量不确定度的大部件对接质量评估方法,并以机翼-机身对接过程为案例,对方法的可行性、算法的有效性进行了验证.     

Soybean cultivation for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSSs): The effect of hydroponic system and nitrogen source

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the plant species selected within the European Space Agency (ESA) Micro-Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELiSSA) project for hydroponic cultivation in Biological Life Support Systems (BLSSs), because of the high nutritional value of seeds. Root symbiosis of soybean with Bradirhizobium japonicum contributes to plant nutrition in soil, providing ammonium through the bacterial fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two hydroponic systems, Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) and cultivation on rockwool, and two nitrogen sources in the nutrient solution, nitrate (as Ca(NO₃)₂ and KNO₃) and urea (CO(NH₂)₂), on root symbiosis, plant growth and seeds production of soybean. Plants of cultivar ‘OT8914’, inoculated with B. japonicum strain BUS-2, were grown in a growth chamber, under controlled environmental conditions.     

On the mid-latitude ionospheric storm association with intense geomagnetic storms

The bulk association between ionospheric storms and geomagnetic storms has been studied. Hemispheric features of seasonal variation of ionospheric storms in the mid-latitude were also investigated. 188 intense geomagnetic storms (Dst ≤ 100 nT) that occurred during solar cycles 22 and 23 were considered, of which 143 were observed to be identified with an ionospheric storm. Individual ionospheric storms were identified as maximum deviations of the F2 layer peak electron density from quiet time values. Only ionospheric storms that could clearly be associated with the peak of a geomagnetic storm were considered. Data from two mid-latitude ionosonde stations; one in the northern hemisphere (i.e. Moscow) and the other in the southern hemisphere (Grahamstown) were used to study ionospheric conditions at the time of the individual geomagnetic storms. Results show hemispheric and latitudinal differences in the intensity and nature of ionospheric storms association with different types of geomagnetic storms. These results are significant for our present understanding of the mechanisms which drive the changes in electron density during different types of ionospheric storms.     

Selection and hydroponic growth of potato cultivars for bioregenerative life support systems

As part of the ESA-funded MELiSSA program, Ghent University and the Université catholique de Louvain investigated the suitability, growth and development of four potato cultivars in hydroponic culture under controlled conditions with the aim to incorporate such cultivation system in an Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS). Potato plants can fulfill three major functions in an ECLSS in space missions: (a) fixation of CO₂ and production of O₂, (b) production of tubers for human nutrition and (c) production of clean water after condensation of the water vapor released from the plants by transpiration. Four cultivars (Annabelle, Bintje, Desiree and Innovator) were selected and grown hydroponically in nutrient film technique (NFT) gullies in a growth chamber under controlled conditions. The plant growth parameters, tuber harvest parameters and results of tuber nutritional analysis of the four cultivars were compared. The four potato cultivars grew well and all produced tubers. The growth period lasted 127 days for all cultivars except for Desiree which needed 145 days. Annabelle (1.45 kg/m²) and Bintje (1.355 kg/m²) were the best performing of the four cultivars. They also produced two times more tubers than Desiree and Innovator. Innovator produced the biggest tubers (20.95 g/tuber) and Desiree the smallest (7.67 g/tuber). The size of Annabelle and Bintje potatoes were intermediate. Bintje plants produced the highest total biomass in term of DW. The highest non-edible biomass was produced by Desiree, which showed both the highest shoot and root DW. The manual length and width measurements were also used to predict the total tuber mass. The energy values of the tubers remained in the range of the 2010 USDA and Souci-Fachmann-Kraut food composition databases. The amount of Ca determined was slightly reduced compared to the USDA value, but close to the Souci-Fachmann-Kraut value. The concentration of Cu, Zn and P were high compared to both databases.     

基于模糊聚类的不同机型分类方法研究

随着航空业飞速发展,飞机的种类越来越多,如何对不同机型进行归类,使飞机的设计、制造、使用、维护、保障等工作变得更加高效,是制造商和运营商亟待解决的问题。文中把飞机设计性能特征指标加以解析化和数量化,给出了模糊聚类分析对不同机型的分类计算方法,并实例分析,得到了不同机型的在不同水平下的相似关系。从而为不同机型的归类、相似机型的选择提供了一种方法,也可以作为飞机设计、营运信息、备件设施共享的依据,该方法可以综合机型多种特征,增强了不同机型分类的精确性、客观性和合理性。     

机场竞争力评价指标体系的构建

本文首先分析总结了机场竞争力的形成机理,在此基础上提出了机场竞争力的评价原则,最后,构建了一套包含4个一级指标、16个二级指标和41个三级指标的机场竞争力评价指标体系,旨在通过这套评价体系对机场的竞争力发展水平进行评估,找出机场竞争力发展过程中的优势不足,为机场在市场竞争中提高竞争力水平和核心竞争力提供科学的参考依据.     

基于遗传算法的飞机经济爬升速度优化方法

为提高宽体飞机的爬升经济性,首先建立了爬升阶段飞行动力学模型和优化目标计算模型,确定了基于速度优化的最佳爬升策略;然后,在最佳爬升策略的基础上,建立了基于遗传算法的双表速爬升优化模型,得到近似最佳爬升策略,并分析了该爬升策略的可行性;最后,以某宽体飞机为例,分析了近似最佳爬升策略的影响因素。研究结果表明:最佳爬升策略相对传统爬升策略经济性提升3%~8%,且改进后的近似爬升策略与最佳爬升策略误差不超过1.4%;飞机重量、温度偏差和成本指数均会影响爬升策略的性能参数。     

航空CFD软件可信度评价指标体系研究进展

按照CFD软件模拟的流速范围、流动特征对CFD软件的可信属性进行划分,形成亚、跨、超、高超流动模拟指标以及所对应的流动特性模拟能力指标,得到CFD软件可信度评价指标;并结合所对应的指标设计出基准级、部件级和系统级三级度量元,制定出CFD软件可信度评价准则和评价方法,建立起一套可用于评价航空CFD软件可信度的评价流程和评价体系。     

卫星测控直扩信号安全性能评价体系研究

为了定量评估直扩信号的安全性能,在给出卫星测控直扩信号安全防护定义的基础上,对卫星测控直扩信号安全性能评价指标进行了研究.在深入分析直扩信号典型威胁的基础上,提出了等效码长、调制指数、码速率截获因数、等效码长截获因数、码序列截获因数、干扰因数等衍生指标,分析、仿真了它们的影响因素,得到了它们与基本指标的关系,初步建立了直扩信号安全性能评价体系,为后续安全性能评估打下基础.     

北斗卫星导航系统测量误差指标体系

围绕北斗卫星导航系统中的伪距测量误差，全面分析系统的测量原理，提出系统误差指标体系的构建流程，构建基于误差层次分解方法的北斗卫星导航系统测量误差指标体系，指标体系由1个系统层指标、3个准则层指标、11个要素层指标和36个基础指标等51个指标组成。同时，结合实例，从卫星下行链路的绝对时延的测试需求，引出了绝对时延的测试问题，定义星载导航任务处理单元对外1PPS信号的输出口作为卫星的时间零点，给出需要测试的绝对时延的路径组成。根据目前系统的实际情况，通过每一部分的测试误差，求出整个绝对时延的测量误差精度。