Calibration errors in determining slant Total Electron Content (TEC) from multi-GNSS data

The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is presently a powerful tool for sensing the Earth's ionosphere. For this purpose, the ionospheric measurements (IMs), which are by definition slant total electron content biased by satellite and receiver differential code biases (DCBs), need to be first extracted from GNSS data and then used as inputs for further ionospheric representations such as tomography. By using the customary phase-to-code leveling procedure, this research comparatively evaluates the calibration errors on experimental IMs obtained from three GNSS, namely the US Global Positioning System (GPS), the Chinese BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), and the European Galileo. On the basis of ten days of dual-frequency, triple-GNSS observations collected from eight co-located ground receivers that independently form short-baselines and zero-baselines, the IMs are determined for each receiver for all tracked satellites and then for each satellite differenced for each baseline to evaluate their calibration errors. As first derived from the short-baseline analysis, the effects of calibration errors on IMs range, in total electron content units, from 1.58 to 2.16, 0.70 to 1.87, and 1.13 to 1.56 for GPS, Galileo, and BDS, respectively. Additionally, for short-baseline experiment, it is shown that the code multipath effect accounts for their main budget. Sidereal periodicity is found in single-differenced (SD) IMs for GPS and BDS geostationary satellites, and the correlation of SD IMs over two consecutive days achieves the maximum value when the time tag is around 4?min. Moreover, as byproducts of zero-baseline analysis, daily between-receiver DCBs for GPS are subject to more significant intra-day variations than those for BDS and Galileo.     

Space debris observations with the Slovak AGO70 telescope: Astrometry and light curves

The Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics of Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia (FMPI) operates its own 0.7-m Newtonian telescope (AGO70) dedicated to the space surveillance tracking and research, with an emphasis on space debris. The observation planning focuses on objects on geosynchronous (GEO), eccentric (GTO and Molniya) and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) orbits. To verify the system’s capabilities, we conducted an observation campaign in 2017, 2018 and 2019 focused on astrometric and photometric measurements. In last two years we have built up a light curve catalogue of space debris which is now freely available for the scientific community. We report periodic signals extracted from more than 285 light curves of 226 individual objects. We constructed phase diagrams for 153 light curves for which we obtained apparent amplitudes.     

翼型近尾迹流动的PIV研究—动力学机制

利用在线式互相关PIV(ParticleImageVelocimetry)系统,在低速风洞中对NACA0012翼型在雷诺数2.39×105,0°和4°攻角下的近尾迹流动进行了详细测量。实验结果表明,翼型近尾迹存在有序的涡街结构,涡街在尾缘处形成后,在向下游的迁移中,会经历一个发展壮大、失稳破碎的演化过程,流动从有序走向无序。翼型的近尾迹是一种以旋涡的运动学特性和动力学机制为主导的流动现象。本文着重探讨了翼型尾缘处的涡街形成机理,尾迹内的流动机制,以及近尾迹的流动稳定性。      

地月转移轨道自主导航算法研究

本文给出一种地月转移段的自主导航算法。以紫外敏感器输出的月心像素和月心距等信息为观测量,利用基于UD分解的扩展卡尔曼滤波算法确定探测器的轨道。仿真结果表明,基于紫外敏感器的地月转移段自主导航是可行的,引入单程多普勒测速的组合导航算法可以有效地提高导航精度与收敛速度。     

Estimation of orbital parameters of broken-up objects from in-situ debris measurements

Even sub-millimeter-size debris could cause a fatal damage on a spacecraft. Such tiny debris cannot be followed up or tracked from the ground. Therefore, Kyushu University has initiated IDEA the project for In-situ Debris Environmental Awareness, which conducts in-situ measurements of sub-millimeter-size debris. One of the objectives is to estimate the location of on-orbit satellite fragmentations from in-situ measurements. The previous studies revealed that it is important to find out the right nodal precession rate to estimate the orbital parameters of a broken-up object properly. Therefore, this study derives a constraint equation that applies to the nodal precession rate of the broken-up object. This study also establishes an effective procedure to estimate properly the orbital parameters of a broken-up object with the constraint equation.     

大迎角细长体非对称空间流场特性的试验研究

应用七孔探针定量流场测试技术,在低速风洞中通过定量测试细长旋成体背风区三维空间流场,研究了零侧滑条件下细长旋成体在典型大迎角情况下(迎角为55°)背风区附体和离体涡系的空间演化规律,加深了对细长旋成体背风区不对称涡系空间结构的认识。解释了截面侧向力沿模型体轴分布为幅值递减波形的形成机制。给出了有、无头部小扰动片及小扰动片非定常摆动控制三种情况下的细长体背风区不同的多涡空间结构。细长旋成体背风区横截面的涡量和总压分布测量结果表明在模型头部固定小扰动片可以改变非对称涡的非对称特性,但不能使非对称涡变为对称涡,而在头部非定常小扰动的控制下模型背风区流动呈现对称涡的流态特征。     

NACA 0012翼型跨音速非定常压强分布的测量

本文介绍了在南京航空学院NH-1三音速风洞中对NACA0012二元机翼进行的跨音速非定常压强分布测定实验的全过程。该机翼绕其1/4弦线轴作俯仰振动以产生非定常气动力。试验方法是成功的。     

大迎角细长体侧向力的比例控制

介绍了一种新的大迎角细长旋成体侧向力的比例控制技术。通过在细长旋成体头部施加非定常小扰动,可以对细长旋成体非对称背涡的非对称程度进行比例控制。风洞试验研究结果表明,该控制方法能以很小的能量输入将大小和方向随机变化的侧向力加以精确控制;不仅可以控制侧向力的方向,也可以连续改变侧向力的大小,使其变成有利于飞行控制的气动力和力矩,达到变不利为有利的目的。     

双参数传热实验的液晶瞬态测量不确定度分析

以气膜冷却为例,利用多元隐函数求导的方法推导了双参数传热实验中采用液晶进行瞬态测量时的双参数不确定度计算关系式,采用不确定度传递系数研究了双参数不确定度与温度测量不确定度的关系,得到了不确定度传递系数随主流及二次流无量纲温度的变化曲线,分析了主流及二次流无量纲温度参数对双参数测量不确定度的影响.结果表明,提高主流温度或者增大两次测量中二次流的温差可以减小实验双参数测量不确定度.      

面向空间导航系统设计的GPS量测仿真增强研究(英文)

在星载导航系统的初步方案规划和算法设计阶段,出于对潜在的折中考虑,高保真的GPS软件仿真器是一种必要且可行的实验室测试手段。本文研究开发了面向空间导航系统设计的GPS量测软件仿真器,它主要针对L1C/A码和载波信号,也就是说该仿真器使用MATLAB编程语言产生C/A码伪距量测和载波量测。论文推导了基于地心惯性坐标系(ECI)的数学模型,用来仿真GPS星座并产生GPS量测数据;在星历数据选择、空间电离层模型和伪距率计算等方面,深入研究并应用一系列增效措施以合理化实现该仿真器。建立的增强型GPS量测仿真器推进了我们现有的星载GPS/INS组合导航系统设计工作,将进一步提升在星载导航系统设计领域的研究。