Thrust measurement method verification and analytical studies on a liquid-fueled pulse detonation engine

In order to test the feasibility of a new thrust stand system based on impulse thrust mea- surement method, a liquid-fueled pulse detonation engine （PDE） is designed and built. Thrust per- formance of the engine is obtained by direct thrust measurement with a force transducer and indirect thrust measurement with an eddy current displacement sensor （ECDS）. These two sets of thrust data are compared with each other to verify the accuracy of the thrust performance. Then thrust data measured by the new thrust stand system are compared with the verified thrust data to test its feasibility. The results indicate that thrust data from the force transducer and ECDS system are consistent with each other within the range of measurement error. Though the thrust data from the impulse thrust measurement system is a litter lower than that from the force transducer due to the axial momentum losses of the detonation jet, the impulse thrust measurement method is valid when applied to measure the averaged thrust of PDE. Analytical models of PDE are also discussed in this paper. The analytical thrust performance is higher than the experimental data due to ignoring the losses during the deflagration to detonation transition process. Effect of equivalence ratio on the engine thrust performance is investigated by utilizing the modified analytical model. Thrust reaches maximum at the equivalence ratio of about 1.1.     

Radiation measurements inside a human phantom aboard the International Space Station using Liulin-5 charged particle telescope

Liulin-5 is a particle telescope developed for the investigation of the radiation environment within the Russian spherical tissue-equivalent phantom on the International Space Station (ISS). Liulin-5 experiment is conducted aboard the Russian segment of ISS since 28 June 2007 as an adherent part of the international project MATROSHKA-R. The main objective of Liulin-5 experiment is to study the depth-dose distribution of the different components of the orbital radiation field in a human phantom. Additional objectives are mapping of the radiation environment in the phantom and its variations with time and orbital parameters (such as solar cycle, solar flare events, inclination and altitude). Liulin-5 is an active instrument, capable to provide real-time radiation data for the particle flux and dose rates, energy deposition and LET spectra. Data are recorded automatically on memory cards, periodically transported to ground by returning vehicles. In this report we present some first results from data analysis including energy deposition spectra, absorbed dose, dose rate and flux distribution measured simultaneously at 3 different depths of phantom’s radial channel and linear energy transfer (LET) spectrum. Data discussed are for the period July 2007–April 2008.     

微波黑体发射率计量标准装置的准光照射天线设计

微波黑体发射率计量标准装置拟通过双站测量的方式,获取微波黑体的电磁散射信息,进而基于基尔霍夫热平衡定律获取其发射率信息。在有限的测量空间和较高的测试频段条件下,需要对照射天线进行优化设计,以实现对微波黑体散射特征的有效测量。针对此应用,在毫米波和亚毫米波段基于准光学技术,开展了照射天线仿真设计工作。并结合装置实测场景,对准光照射天线的散射测量收发链路进行仿真,结果表明：通过准光天线设计,可以使得发射天线在目标区形成相位平坦,边缘衰减的照射场分布,可以降低收发天线-目标间的电磁能量传输衰减,同时近似测得目标的远场散射特性已便于反射率积分。综合而言,通过仿真分析,验证了微波黑体发射率计量标准装置中高频段收发天线的设计原理和应用价值,同时也对其它近场测试系统的研制和应用提供了参考。     

双恒流源应变测量与恒压电桥应变测量电路的分析

目前电阻应变片的测量电路及传感器中的变换电路大都采用恒压电桥电路,近年来,国外仪器中有采用双恒流源电路的,为此,本文对两种电路的优缺点及应用范围作了分析,並讨论了双恒流源电路的应用及线路补偿等问题。     

在线三维几何量测量软件研究

介绍了最近研制成功的依维柯汽车底盘潢梁在三维几何量微电脑测量系统的测量原理和测量软件。该系统采用相对测量原理建立三维测量坐标系，通过系统误差软补偿提高测量系统精度。并根据优化原理提出了三坐标测量中一种新的几何量误差计算方法，该方法通过模拟被测件装配过程，对相关几何量误差进行最优计算，使测量误检率大大降低，保证了在实际测量中最大程度地通过合格件。     

微带双环五端口结设计

五端口结是六端口矢量反射计的核心部件 ,其结构直接影响到六端口反射计的测量特性 ,因此如何设计能使六端口反射计获得最佳测量特性的五端口结一直以来是人们所关注的焦点。在对微波网络相关原理及文献进行仔细分析与研究的基础上 ,提出了利用Microwaveoffice软件对微带五端口双环对称网络进行设计、仿真与优化的新方法 ,根据仿真结果加工出实际电路 ,对该电路进行测试 ,测试结果与仿真结果吻合 ,证明设计思想正确 ,其方法简单、灵活、高效。     

新型双出口合成射流激励器的流场特征研究

设计了一种新型双出口合成射流激励器,应用非接触粒子图像激光测速技术（PIV）,测试了激励器出口的流场特性,包括瞬态和时均流动结构。结果表明,相比常规合成射流激励器,新型激励器一侧出口呈现为明显抽吸作用,另一侧出口流动带有合成射流流场特征,在出口下游得到一股放大了的单方向射流。新型合成射流激励器单侧出口的抽吸作用,在常规激励器基础上形成新的流体＂微泵＂工作机制,不仅放大了合成射流能量大小,同时实现了不同区域内流体的＂定向输运＂,其外流场特性更加有利于边界层分离、射流矢量偏转等主动流动控制。     

电子式差定温探测器的研究

阐述了电子式差定温火灾探测器的工作原理,并对该探测器进行了深入的理论研究,提出了按探测器的不同灵敏度要求进行探测器设计的方法。使用所提出的设计方法,进行了原理样机的设计、实现和调试。原理洋机的研制成功,证明了用该设计方法进行电子式差定温探测器设计与调试的简便性、实用性和可靠性。     

一种组合模糊度搜索方法的研究

GPS数据质量直接影响模糊度搜索的正确与否。首先对GPS数据质量进行控制,利用现有的几种模糊度 搜索方法的优点,组合成一种模糊度搜索方法,并从三个方面对其进行检验,即RATIO检验、OVT检验、多项式拟合残差 检验。为验证该算法,用单频GPS接收机进行了实验,利用文中的方法在31s以内正确确定了模糊度,其基线长误差小 于1cm,表明该方法不但可以改进模糊度的搜索速度,而且可以进一步提高可靠性和成功率。该方法可广泛应用于定向 及姿态测量。     

相对测量信息不全的航天器相对轨道确定方法研究

针对近圆轨道航天器交会或远距离伴飞相对测量导航过程中,测量信息不全情况下的航天器自主相对轨道确定问题进行了研究.给出适合描述较远距离相对运动的二阶近似模型,并在采用雷达或光学测量的基础上设计了扩展卡尔曼滤波器.数学仿真结果表明,在观测量较少或存在部分区域不可测情况下,通过扩展卡尔曼滤波算法能够以较高精度估计出目标航天器的相对轨道.