基于NUIO的无人机作动器故障检测

针对受未知气流干扰与随机噪声影响的无人机纵向系统进行作动器故障检测研究.在建立固定翼式无人机非线性系统纵向模型的基础上,设计了基于容积卡尔曼滤波(CKF)的非线性未知输入观测器(NUIO).通过构造未知输入观测器结构来解耦未知气流干扰对残差的影响,同时,CKF被算法用于求解观测器增益矩阵,实现了在未知气流干扰解耦情况下残差对随机噪声的鲁棒性.最后,利用残差χ2检验方法判断故障是否发生.仿真结果表明:此方法能有效解耦未知干扰对残差的影响,并快速、准确地检测出了无人机作动器故障.      

磁力矩器用聚合物材料的原子氧效应试验研究

文章对磁力矩器用4种聚合物材料进行原子氧和真空效应评价试验,利用新型的原子氧环境模拟设备及其他分析手段对试样的质量损失率(SAML)和表面形貌的变化进行了研究。试验结果表明,真空环境会导致材料产生质量损失,4种材料的真空质损最大相差24倍;原子氧作用导致聚合物材料的颜色发生变化,且造成材料的质量损失,4种材料的质量损失率最大相差25倍;原子氧与有机硅物质反应能够形成保护层,可以抑制原子氧对材料内部的进一步侵蚀。     

CONTROL OF TWO DIMENSIONAL JETS USING MINIATURE ZERO MASS FLUX JETS

Zero mass flux jets, synthesized by acoustic actuators, have been used for the purpose of jet mixing enhancement and jet vectoring. Zero mass flux jets composed of entirely entrained fluid allow momentum transfer into the embedding flow. In the present experiments, miniature-scale high aspect ratio actuator jets are placed along the long sides and near the exit plane of a primary two-dimensional jet. In different modes, the primary jet can be vectored either towards or away from the actuator jets and the jet mixing is enhanced. The disturbance of the excitation frequency is developed while the unstable frequency of the primary jet is completely suppressed.     

装有多孔介质的封闭腔体中热驱动换热的数值研究

以涡轮叶片超级冷却技术为研究背景,用数值计算的方法,模拟了离心力场下装有多孔介质的封闭腔体中的热驱动换热现象。计算结果表明,在封闭腔体中加入大孔隙率多孔介质后确实能起到强化换热的效果,采用的固体介质的导热性越好,封闭腔体中流体的热驱动能力越强,换热效果越好。而且采用导热性比较好的固体介质时,在大孔隙率范围内,随着孔隙率的减少,封闭腔体中流体的热驱动能力和换热均得到增强。     

临近空间拦截弹的非奇异终端滑模控制

针对临近空间直接力/气动力复合控制拦截弹的抗干扰控制问题,提出了一种基于有限时间干扰观测器(FTDO)的非奇异终端滑模(NTSM)复合跟踪控制策略。首先,设计FTDO估计系统的不匹配干扰;在此基础上,设计基于FTDO的NTSM复合控制律,获取期望的控制力矩。接着,考虑到作为执行机构的气动舵和反作用喷气装置存在冗余性,进一步提出了一种动态控制分配算法实现期望控制指令到执行机构的分配,获得良好的控制分配精度和较小的执行机构能耗。最后,仿真结果验证了所设计复合控制系统的有效性。     

原子氧对Kapton／Al薄膜性能影响研究

模拟空间环境下原子氧辐照条件,通过采用固定的原子氧束流密度进行不同时间辐照试验,研究了温控涂层材料Kapton/Al薄膜的质量损失、光学性能、表面形貌和表面粗糙度的演化规律.试验结果表明,原子氧对材料的剥蚀量与原子氧的作用时间成正比例关系.材料辐照后太阳吸收率发生明显变化,而辐射率几乎不发生变化.辐照后试样表面的粗糙度,是影响太阳吸收率变化主要因素.随着辐照时间的增长,材料表面粗糙度增加,导致太阳吸收率增大.     

Recent active thermal management technologies for the development of energy-optimized aerospace vehicles in China

Recently, the development of modern vehicles has brought about aggressive integration and miniaturization of on-board electrical and electronic devices. It will lead to exponential growth in both the overall waste heat and heat flux to be dissipated to maintain the devices within a safe temperature range. However, both the total heat sinks aboard and the cooling capacity of currently utilized thermal control strategy are severely limited, which threatens the lifetime of the on-board equipment and even the entire flight system and shrink the vehicle’s flight time and range. Facing these thermal challenges, the USA proposed the program of “INVENT” to maximize utilities of the available heat sinks and enhance the cooling ability of thermal control strategies. Following the efforts done by the USA researchers, scientists in China fought their ways to develop thermal management technologies for Chinese advanced energy-optimized airplanes and spacecraft. This paper elaborates the available on-board heat sinks and aerospace thermal management systems using both active and passive technologies not confined to the technology in China. Subsequently, active thermal management technologies in China including fuel thermal management system, environment control system, non-fuel liquid cooling strategy are reviewed. At last, space thermal control technologies used in Chinese Space Station and Chang’e-3 and to be used in Chang’e-5 are introduced. Key issues to be solved are also identified, which could facilitate the development of aerospace thermal control techniques across the world.     

高速圆柱滚子轴承保持架动力学特性分析

建立了高速圆柱滚子轴承动力学微分方程,采用精细积分法和预估-校正Adams-Bashforth-Moulton多步法相结合的算法,对高速圆柱滚子轴承动力学微分方程进行求解,并对保持架的动力学特性进行了理论分析.结果表明:过大的保持架间隙比不利于保持架稳定运转;在一个套圈固定、另一个套圈工作状态下,保持架引导方式采用旋转套圈引导时,保持架打滑率较低;保持架采用外引导方式时保持架质心运动较为稳定;在内外圈同向旋转且外圈转速高于内圈转速条件下,保持架采用外引导方式时,保持架打滑率较低;在内外圈反向旋转且外圈转速高于内圈转速条件下,保持架质心轨迹变得不规则;保持架采用外引导方式时,保持架打滑率为负值.      

一种直升机自旋训练过程涡轴发动机控制规律设计与仿真

针对直升机自旋训练过程中涡轴发动机快速响应要求,提出了一种以燃油流量和导叶角为控制量的鲁棒控制规律抑制自由涡轮转速瞬态下垂.首先,通过改进UH-60直升机/T700发动机综合模型,使之能够模拟自旋进入及自旋恢复过程动态变化.其次,提出并设计一种基于燃油流量和导叶调节的涡轴发动机鲁棒控制规律,并通过典型的自旋训练过程仿真,验证了该控制规律相比仅以燃油流量为变量的控制规律,自由涡轮转速瞬态下垂量降低至3%以下,且燃油流量变化更加平缓,改善了执行机构的工作条件.     

A Parallel Adaptive 3D MHD Scheme for Modeling Coronal and Solar Wind Plasma Flows

A parallel adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) scheme is described for solving the governing equations of ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) in three space dimensions. This solution algorithm makes use of modern finite-volume numerical methodology to provide a combination of high solution accuracy and computational robustness. Efficient and scalable implementations of the method have been developed for massively parallel computer architectures and high performance achieved. Numerical results are discussed for a simplified model of the initiation and evolution of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the inner heliosphere. The results demonstrate the potential of this numerical tool for enhancing our understanding of coronal and solar wind plasma processes. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.