复杂系统平均剩余寿命综合评估方法

 针对工程中广泛关注的平均剩余寿命问题, 首先利用信仰推断给出单个设备可靠度的置信分布, 包括指数分布、 威布尔分布和对数正态分布; 然后基于组成系统的设备试验信息, 结合系统的组成结构, 给出系统可靠度的置信分布, 接着根据可靠度和平均剩余寿命之间的关系, 建立复杂系统平均剩余寿命综合评估模型并给出具体的评估算法。 对于在设备试验中经常出现的右删失等不完全数据, 给出了将不完全数据虚拟成等效的完全数据的转化方法。 最后, 通过模拟研究和实例验证, 结果表明本文的方法较为精确, 能够满足工程的实际需求。     

噪声调幅干扰信号波达方向估计研究

利用噪声调幅干扰信号频谱结构的特殊性,提出基于阵列接收信号载频处频域数据的波达方向估计算法,通过仿真分析表明该算法的角度估计性能明显高于目前广泛采用的比幅比相单脉冲测角法,并且计算量也大大低于传统的波达方向估计算法.     

空空导弹惯性开关中圆周磁场对导弹性能的影响

为了提高空空导弹的作战效能和可靠性,由弹载电源向开关电路进行大电流放电,可提高惯性开关中圆柱电极上周磁场的强度,增强抵抗磁钢对钢珠反向作用力的能力,当导弹撞击目标过载较小时,使惯性开关的导通时间也能够满足触发电路工作需要,因此,导弹遇目标不炸的故障概率可得到下降。     

基于磁路法与等效热网络法的航天 永磁同步电机设计与仿真

针对航天永磁同步电机方案初步设计耗时长、过度依赖商业软件的问题,基于磁路法和热网络法,提出了一套方案设计阶段航天永磁同步电机磁热性能快速预估与仿真方法。给出了定子内径、定子外径、铁芯长度、匝数等关键参数的取值准则,建立了包含36个节点集总参数热网络模型,并以端部绕组为例给出了热平衡方程的详细推导过程。通过与成熟商业软件对比,其电磁计算最大误差出现在电流有效值上,偏差值为607%;与样机实测值对比,绕组温升最大误差为73%,满足方案设计阶段预示精度要求,为方案设计阶段航天永磁同步电机快速性能预估提供有力支撑。     

永磁约束电子束轨迹实验研究

通过设计并运用一种直流电子束轨迹简易测量方法,开展了永磁约束电子束轨迹实验研究,得到了永磁铁环对60~80 ke V电子束约束作用的实验数据。结果表明:该测量方法方便有效,结果较为准确;永磁铁对电子束聚焦作用明显,并呈现出一定的规律性。对永磁铁约束电子束研究工作奠定了基础。     

航天器表面电荷激发空间静电场规律研究

从带电表面微元出发,通过求解泊松方程,得到带电介质平板表面邻近空间静电势的解析表达式,建立介质表面电位-介电常数模型,求得了带电介质平板表面电位、表面带电量和介质介电常数三者之间的关系式。结合典型的航天器表面介质材料带电案例,对此类圆盘结构介质平板带电问题进行了仿真分析,结果表明,在介质材料表面电位一定的情况下,表面电荷激发的空间静电势值随距离的增大而减小,并且距离介质表面越近,电势的空间变化率越大;在介质材料带电量相等的情况下,介质表面电位随着介质介电常数的增大而减小,并逐渐趋于一个稳定值,所以在一定范围内选择介电常数较大的介质材料可以降低介质的表面电位,减小介质间发生静电放电的几率。     

液体火箭发动机涡轮泵用机械密封温度场及热载变形研究

基于ANSYS数值计算软件,建立了液体火箭发动机涡轮泵用机械密封的二维稳态传热模型,依靠经验公式确定了模型的对流换热系数。计算了密封环的温度场和热载变形,分析了密封端面比压、回流流量以及不同材质对密封温度场的影响规律。结果表明:密封端面最高温度发生在靠近密封环内径处,且密封端面比压越大密封环温度梯度越大;密封环热载变形呈收敛间隙,最大变形发生在动环端面的外径处,其值约为2.2μm;密封环端面最高温度随回流流量增加而减小,当回流流量从0.1~0.6 kg/s变化时,密封环端面最高温度可降低18%(从100℃降至82℃);当回流流量增大到0.3 kg/s时,继续提高对密封环端面温升的控制不再显著;采用高导热系数的摩擦副材料能够显著降低端面温升和温度梯度,提高密封工作可靠性。     

低轨天基信息定向分发区域分割编码控制方法

为提高低轨指向性信息分发链路的频谱利用效率,从天基分发平台与地面用户的相对位置关系入手,建立了分发指向、编码增益与信道传输容量的量化关系。在此基础上,提出一种低轨天基信息定向分发区域分割编码控制方法,该方法针对不同信息分发区域,采用最小均方误差(MMSE)作为区域分割准则选择编码方式,既提升了信道传输效率也便于工程实现。最后,本文通过仿真分析了方法的效能和性能影响因素,并与现有自适应编码方法进行了对比,验证了本方法的有效性和可靠性。     

GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

The geomagnetic solar flare effect identified by SIIG as an indicator of a solar flare observed by GOES satellites

This paper studies the efficiency of geomagnetic solar flare effects (gsfe) in X solar flare detection; so during the period 1999–2007 a comparison between solar flare (sf) observed by satellites of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) programme and gsfe published by the Service International des Indices Geomagnetiques (SIIG) is made.