Kinetic theory of sheath formation in solar wind plasma

We present a general self-consistent kinetic theory for plasma sheath formation in solar wind plasma. The theory could be applied to anisotropic, as well as to isotropic collisionless plasma without resorting to any simplifications, limitations, or assumptions, such as the necessary existence of a ‘pre-sheath’ region of ions acceleration to ensure the Bohm criterion. The kinetic framework is first applied to sheath formation around an arbitrary oriented planar absorbing surface, charged by solar wind anisotropic plasma, under the condition of negligible photoelectric effect. We then make use of our kinetic approach for the plane geometry in isotropic collisionless plasma, as a particular case of a planar electrode orientation parallel to plasma streaming velocity, also analyzing the sheath structure around spherical and cylindrical absorbing electrodes submerged in isotropic collisionless plasma. Obtained results demonstrate principal differences in spatial charge distributions in sheath regions between spherical or cylindrical electrodes of large size and an unbound planar surface submerged in isotropic plasma. In the case of a planar electrode, we directly compare results obtained in our kinetic and hydrodynamic theories and conventional hydrodynamic theory of plasma sheath formation. The outcome from the present study have direct implications to the analysis of plasma sheath structure and associated distribution in space of charged dust grains, which is relevant to the moon exploration near the optical terminator region or in shadowed craters in the moon.     

基于热流密度仿真计算的曲面红外灯阵优化设计方法

文章主要针对形状复杂的月球探测器的热流模拟问题进行研究。基于遗传算法与复合形算法,采取双目标、变尺度网格的优化策略建立了红外灯阵热流优化设计方法。应用单灯热流分布计算模型生成单灯热流分布数据库,解决了反光板反射热流问题,在此基础上建立了红外灯阵热流分布仿真计算方法。结果表明热流分布仿真计算具有较高的准确度,速度快,能够满足优化设计的需要,可以有效提高热流分布均匀性。     

星敏感器空间辐射效应研究

星敏感器作为一类高灵敏度光电集成部件,易受空间辐射的影响造成性能退化和工作 异常。分析星敏感器的辐射效应机理并制定相应的防护对策,既是当前可靠性增长的基础, 也是今后高性能星敏感器发展的必然要求,而国内尚缺少对这一问题的详细论述。阐述了空 间辐射环境和星敏感器的组成以及工作原理,综述分析了空间辐射效应机理和对星敏感器产 生的影响,并介绍了国外在相应防护对策上的经验,更进一步对影响星敏感器较为严重的瞬 态效应做了较为深入的探讨。
     

月球着陆器着陆缓冲性能研究

首先基于MSC.Nastran/MSC.Adams软件建立了模拟月球着陆器的动力学模型,并利用模拟月球着陆器在地面冲击试验来验证仿真模型的正确性,重点关注缓冲机构与结构连接处的载荷,结构特征点的加速度响应,以及缓冲器的工作行程。然后利用模拟着陆器地面试验结果修正动力学分析模型,研究表明：着陆器结构和缓冲机构的柔性对缓冲性能具有较大的影响。最后,把动力学分析模型中的模拟结构更换成真实结构,进行着陆器在月球表面的着陆冲击仿真分析,从而获得模拟着陆器地面试验与着陆器在月面着陆的冲击缓冲性能差异。     

直接再入大气的月球返回轨道设计研究

直接再入大气的月球返回轨道是月球采样返回任务普遍采用的飞行方案。文章将月-地转移轨道设计与再入大气仿真相结合,通过两级修正策略和落点匹配使月球返回轨道既满足再入界面约束又满足再入点地理位置约束。两条分别采用弹道式和弹道-升力式再入的月球返回轨道的计算结果表明,此方法是有效的。     

月面特征稀疏环境下的视觉惯性SLAM方法

月球车在执行科学探测任务过程中,其自身的高精度定位是一项亟需解决的关键问题。针对在特征稀疏的月面环境下的定位问题,提出一种视觉惯性融合的SLAM方法,将视觉测量与惯性传感器的信息利用位姿图优化方法融合,实现高精度的联合定位。针对特征稀疏环境下的前端视觉数据关联误差较大的问题,提出了一种基于四元树的光流跟踪算法,能够有效地跟踪鲁棒的特征点,提升了关键帧之间相对位姿估计的准确性。并且针对月面环境特有的恒星无穷远点干扰问题,提出一种高效的恒星点剔除算法,能够有效改善无穷远点导致的定位精度下降的问题。搭建了一套模拟月面环境的计算机仿真系统,并构建了多个月面环境视觉惯性SLAM仿真数据集,在不同的模拟月面场景下进行定位性能仿真验证,仿真测试结果表明本文算法的鲁棒性更强,具有更高的定位准确度。     

飞机电磁环境效应的特性及控制

从飞机设计中电磁环境效应基础专业的技术领域和专业构成的演变出发,本文系统地介绍了电磁环境效应的特性以及与飞机使用和安全的关系,重点论述了飞机研制中来自电磁环境效应的威胁及其控制措施。     

无人机路径规划中的环境和威胁模型研究

为了提高无人机执行任务时的突防能力,在进行飞行路径规划时必须对战场环境中的威胁环境进行评估,而威胁环境中的威胁估计与飞机被雷达或类似的传感器探测出的风险度有关,需要考虑的信息包括无人机传感器范围内的威胁位置和强度.路径规划算法依赖于路径规划空间的建模方式,包括环境建模和威胁源建模.目前针对规划空间环境和威胁模型的建模方法缺乏系统分类和论述.分析了战场环境的建模方法,研究了规划空间的离散建模方式,根据无人机飞行过程中可能遭遇的威胁类型进行威胁源类型的划分,并针对三种威胁类型分别建立威胁风险模型,为无人机在复杂环境下的路径规划实现做了参数准备.     

Experimental investigation on deformation behavior of TJ-1 lunar soil simulant subjected to principal stress rotation

The knowledge of mechanical properties of lunar soil is of fundamental importance for the coming exploration of the Moon. This paper aims to investigate the fundamental deformation behavior of lunar soil and the effects of the intermediate principal stress coefficient, deviatoric stress ratio, and mean stress during the principal stress rotation. First, an improved technique was proposed to generate homogeneous samples based on the Multi-layer Undercompaction Method. Second, three series of tests on TJ-1 lunar soil simulant under the principal stress rotation were performed with a hollow cylinder apparatus at Tongji University, China. In each series of tests, only one value of the three variables mentioned above was changed while the others were kept constant. The test results demonstrate that the rotation of principal stress can result in significant plastic deformation, volumetric strain, and non-coaxiality (non-coincidence of the increment direction of principal plastic strain with the principal stress direction) of TJ-1 lunar soil simulant. In addition, it is found that the intermediate principal stress coefficient, deviatoric stress ratio, and mean stress have different influences on the four strain components, i.e. _εz,_εr,_εθ${\epsilon }_z\text{,}{\epsilon }_{\text{r}}\text{,}{\epsilon }_{\theta }$ and _γzθ${\gamma }_{z\theta }$, volumetric strain, and non-coaxiality during the principal stress rotation. The influence of deviatoric stress ratio is relatively stronger than the others. Therefore, the influence of principal stress rotation on the deformation behavior of lunar soil should be taken into account carefully in the design and construction of facilities on the lunar surface in the future.     

高动态环境下惯组辅助GNSS接收机卫星导航信号的捕获

针对高动态环境下多普勒频移超出了接收机的搜索范围接收机无法捕获卫星导航信号这一问题,提出了利用INS辅助GNSS接收机卫星导航信号捕获的方法.该方法利用INS提供的载体位置、速度信息,并结合通过卫星星历(或历书)得到的卫星位置、速度估算载波多普勒频移,利用估算的载波多普勒频移重新设定GNSS接收机载波搜索中心频率,使G...