单推力航天器交会对接轨迹规划及跟踪控制

针对单推力航天器交会对接问题，提出一种轨迹规划及跟踪算法。首先，考虑到追踪航天器只沿本体X轴安装推力器，且推力方向固定，为了实现从起始位置转移至期望位置并满足姿态要求，基于三维螺旋线设计两阶段转移轨迹，根据初末位置以及末端速度方向要求，求解螺旋线参数。该螺旋线可以保证在初末速度方向固定情况下，曲率积分最小。其次，为了降低轨迹跟踪难度并减小初始时刻的位置跟踪控制力，需要将转移轨迹初始速度与追踪星X轴重合。传统螺旋线无法满足该约束条件。本文对传统螺旋线进行改进，提出一种旋转螺旋线轨迹设计方法。通过引入姿态旋转矩阵，将螺旋线在三维空间旋转，在不改变曲线形状的前提下满足初末位置及速度方向要求。然后，为了跟踪转移轨迹以及跟踪期望推力方向，提出基于CLF（Control Lyapunov Function）的滑模控制策略，当追踪星X轴与期望推力方向夹角较大时，采用CLF，保证最优性；当姿态误差收敛至滑模面附近时，切换为滑模控制，以提升系统鲁棒性。最后，通过仿真验证旋转螺旋线相比于传统螺旋线的优势。     

Effects of process parameters on mechanical properties of abrasive-assisted electroformed nickel

A cathode mandrel with translational and rotational motion, which was supposed to obtain uniform friction effect on surface, was employed in abrasive-assisted electroforming for revolving parts with complex profile. The effects of current density, translational speed and rotational speed on the deposit properties were studied by orthogonal test. The tensile strength, elongation and micro hardness value were measured to find out how the factors affected the properties. The optimized results show that changes of current density affect the tensile strength of nickel layer most, while translational speed has the most remarkable influences on both elonga-tion and micro hardness. The low rotational speed affects the properties least. In this experiment, a smooth nickel layer with tensile strength 581 MPa, elongation 17%and micro hardness 248HV is obtained by the orthogonal test.     

低速大转矩永磁游标电机在发酵罐中的应用

采用秸秆生产丁醇时,为了达到高效率发酵,需要使发酵液中菌体分布均匀,所加物料需要及时搅拌。工业化生产丁醇的发酵罐尺寸较大,搅拌过程对驱动电机的输出转矩要求较高,因此高效率、小体积、低速大转矩的秸秆发酵搅拌电机对工业化发酵生产丁醇意义重大。设计了一种定转子永磁游标电机用于发酵液搅拌,并对电机的槽极数、电磁性能进行了具体的研究。制造样机并采用滞环控制实现了对液态发酵对象的快速响应,且实现了低能耗、高效率的发酵过程。     

力值加载装置控制系统设计

针对力标准机不适用于力值现场校准测试的问题,设计了一种便携式的力值加载装置。该装置采用STM32F103为主控单片机,采用高准确度AD转换器测量力值,优化了力值加载控制算法,避免了力值加载过程中可能出现的各种问题。该装置控制速度快,准确度高,适用于力值现场校准测试。     

动力失效对起飞纵向气动特性影响数值研究

研究民用飞机动力失效对飞机起飞阶段纵向气动特性的影响规律及其机理,对保证飞机有效操纵和安全飞行具有重要意义.采用在点对点多块结构化网格系统上求解三维可压缩雷诺平均N-S方程的数值方法,研究发动机动力失效对某民用飞机起飞构型纵向气动特性的影响.通过DLR-F11模型验证研究方法对民用飞机高升力构型气动特性的预测能力;针对安装动力短舱的某翼吊涡扇发动机民用飞机起飞构型,通过对比其发动机在正常工况和失效时飞机气动特性的差异,得出动力失效对飞机纵向气动特性的影响规律及机理.结果表明:动力失效后,不但溢流效应会使飞机阻力系数增大;还会导致发动机进、排气特性较正常工作状态明显不同,恶化短舱附近流场,对飞机的升力、失速特性带来不利影响.     

气浮运动组件内外球面的角摆静压力自动补偿研磨方法

根据磁悬浮零部件专用测量机气浮运动组件内外球面的高精度技术要求,设计一种角摆静压力自动补偿万向球头节研磨机构,在普通车床上采用内外球面自动研磨的方法代替传统手工对研.实践证明提高了气浮运动组件的研磨质量和效率,有一定参考价值.     

俯仰姿态保持模式下飞机结冰边界保护方法

在研究飞机结冰机翼和平尾失速机理的基础上,以飞机迎角作为关键参数,飞机俯仰指令作为指令参数,提出一种基于飞机自驾仪的结冰后边界保护方法.通过引入铰链力矩检测模块,提前告警飞机失速,为边界保护提供了裕度.建立飞机纵向动力学方程,针对俯仰姿态保持（PAH）模式下机翼失速进行了仿真计算.结果表明:结冰条件下,通过铰链力矩的检测,飞机能在失速迎角为2°之前,进入边界保护模式,增加飞行安全的裕度.通过控制指令的限制,自动驾驶模式下飞机迎角能保持在失速迎角之内.      

球形粒子在流体中的跟随性

本文从Maxey和Riley的粒子运动基本方程出发,得到了球形固体粒子在相对流动雷诺数很小情形下的分析解。讨论了粒子跟随性对外力、初始条件和流场性质的依赖关系;对均匀湍流场,分析了不同密度比和扰动频率对跟随性的影响     

Vertical motions in Thailand after the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake from GPS observations and its geophysical modelling

Following previous findings from ongoing GPS research in Thailand since 2004 we continue to exploit the GPS technique to monitor and model land motions induced by the Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake. Our latest results show that up to the end of 2010, Thailand has been co-seismically displaced and is subsequently undergoing a post-seismic horizontal deformation with total displacements (co-seismic plus post-seismic) ranging from 10.5 to 74.7 cm. We observed the largest horizontal displacements in the southern part of Thailand and moderate and small displacements in the central and northern parts. In addition to horizontal displacements throughout Thailand, continuous GPS measurements show that large parts of Thailand are subsiding at rates up to 1 cm/yr. It is the first time that such vertical post-seismic deformations at large distances (650–1500 km away from the Earthquake’s epicentre) have been recorded. We have investigated the physical processes leading to the observed subsidence. While after-slip on the subduction interface induces negligible or even slightly positive vertical motions, relaxation in the asthenosphere is associated with a sizable subsidence. Predictions from a 3D finite element model feature an asthenosphere with an effective viscosity of the order of 3 * 10¹⁸ Pas, fit the horizontal post-seismic data and the observed subsidence well. This model is then used to predict the subsidence over the whole seismic cycle. The subsidence should go on with a diminishing rate through the next two decades and its final magnitude should not exceed 10 cm in the Bangkok area.