航空装备的完整性

 简述完整性概念在航空装备上的应用情况,提出了航空装备完整性概念,并简介了航空装备的完整性原理,     

考虑流向曲率和压力梯度的可压缩边界层稳定性分析

以圆弧,平板和尖锥为研究对象,基于线性稳定性理论,重点讨论了曲率和压力梯度对可压缩边界层稳定性的影响。     

基于模糊和最小二乘的SAR图像线特征提取

针对合成孔径雷达(SAR, Synthetic Aperture Radar)图像的特点,提出一种线特征提取算法.该算法首先抑制相干斑噪声,然后对SAR图像进行模糊变换和增强,再基于假设的SAR图像灰度模型,用最小二乘法设计出低通和高通滤波器,最后检测出线特征散点,并进行连接,得到SAR图像的线特征图.实验证明本算法抗噪声干扰,边缘定位精度达到1个像素.     

基于重复自抗扰控制的索网天线振动抑制

为解决索网天线在轨运行过程中的振动抑制问题,提出一种基于重复自抗扰复合控制器的主动振动控制方法。首先,使用有限元法建立天线型面的振动动力学模型,基于模态截断的方法对动力学模型进行降阶并转化为状态空间方程的形式。然后,基于能量最小化准则,使用遗传算法对传感器/作动器的位置进行优化。最后,设计了基于线性自抗扰控制的天线型面振动主动抑制算法,并在此基础上设计前馈重复控制算法,通过对反馈控制周期性误差的学习,提高控制器抑制周期性扰动的能力。仿真结果表明,相比无控状态时,所提出的控制方法可将型面扰动降低97.0%,振动抑制效果优于PID控制器。所设计的控制方法为天线型面的振动控制提供了一种新的技术手段。     

7B04-T6铝合金腐蚀疲劳交替寿命预测模型

利用7B04-T6铝合金进行了预腐蚀试验和"腐蚀+疲劳+腐蚀+疲劳+……"交替模式作用下的腐蚀疲劳交替试验.试验结果表明:在腐蚀疲劳交替作用下,试验件寿命比相同腐蚀时间作用下的预腐蚀试验件寿命长.利用试验结果建立了基于损伤力学和非线性损伤累积理论的腐蚀疲劳交替寿命预测模型.提出了利用损伤指数描述腐蚀损伤和疲劳损伤在交替过程中的耦合关系,并分析了损伤指数变化对模型迟滞因子和模型预测精度的影响.通过模型分析,在腐蚀疲劳交替过程中,疲劳加载次数对寿命的影响大于腐蚀时间的影响,并且随着加载次数增加试验件的寿命也增加.      

圆环管道中曲率对流动稳定性的影响

为了研究圆环管道中曲率对流动稳定性的影响,选取了展向带有曲率的轴向流动和轴向带有曲率的周向流动两种圆环管道模型进行分析.采用线性稳定性理论分别计算了两种模型下不同曲率的稳定性和扰动演化情况,并和槽道流进行比较,从而得到了曲率对基本流动、特征值和特征函数的影响.结果表明：曲率越大,基本流向内侧偏转越大,扰动波流向波数越大,增长率越小,中性曲线的不稳定区域越小,特征函数的对称性越差.因此曲率对边界层内的扰动起着稳定的作用,并且在一定范围内曲率越大,稳定性越好.     

Multi-probe linear fitting and time of arrival linear correction method to analyze blade vibration based on blade tip timing without once-per-revolution

Blade vibration monitoring can ensure the safe operation of aero-engine rotor blades. Among the methods of blade vibration monitoring, Blade Tip Timing (BTT) method has attracted more and more attention because of its advantages of non-contact measurement. However, it is difficult to install the Once-Per-Revolution (OPR) probe in the confined space of aero-engine, and the failure and instability of the OPR signal will reduce the reliability of the blade vibration analysis results, which directly affects the accuracy of the blade vibration parameters identification. The Multi-Probe linear fitting and Time of Arrival (ToA) Linear Correction method based on the BTT (MP-LC-BTT) without OPR is proposed to reduce the errors of single probe linear fitting method for blade vibration displacement analysis. The proposed method can also correct the calculation error of blade vibration displacement due to the nonlinear change of rotation speed, which can improve the analysis accuracy of the blade vibration displacement. A new blade vibration model conforming to the actual vibration characteristics is established, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulation. Finally, the reliability and accuracy of the MP-LC-BTT method have been verified by the experiments which include two high-speed blade test-benches and an industrial axial fan. This method can be used in the actual aero-engine monitoring instead of the BTT method with OPR.     

Unmanned aerial vehicle strike on a flat plate: Tests and numerical simulations

The incursion of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) into airports often occurs due to the popularity of drones, which may lead to a threat to aircraft flight safety. Therefore, estimating the dynamic impact load caused by drone strikes is essential. This paper proposes a test method with high precision and low cost involving launching of a UAV to impact a flat plate specimen by using an air gun. The test results of UAVs impacting flat plates at different impact velocities, such as the UAV damage deformation captured by a high-speed camera and strain vs time dynamic response curves of plates, were obtained and analysed. At the same time, a corresponding numerical simulation was carried out by using the explicit finite element software LS-DYNA. The predicted damage to the UAV and strain on the flat plate during the strike process were compared with the test results. The overall trend of the simulation results is in good agreement with the test results, at least for the first three milliseconds of the event. This shows that the numerical simulation model established in this paper is reasonable. The UAV numerical method established in the present paper can be used to carry out numerical simulations and evaluations of the collision safety of UAVs against large aircraft and high-value ground targets. The results show that the local deformation of the impacted target is uneven due to the distribution of concentrated mass components such as motors, battery, and camera. As the impact velocity of the UAV increases, all parts of the UAV are seriously damaged and basically in a fragmented state, and the battery is greatly deformed. The interaction between the UAV and the flat plate specimen is approximately 2.7 ms, and the UAV numerical simulation model established in this paper can well simulate the real UAV impact process.     

超声速平板边界层中流向涡的生成条件

针对马赫数为4.5的超声速平板边界层,基于线性稳定性理论（LST）选取初始扰动组合,通过直接数值模拟（DNS）,计算了第一模态不稳定波扰动组合沿流向演化生成流向涡的过程。采用改进Omega-Liutex旋涡识别方法进行涡识别,结合流向不同位置截面的流线图,分析了流向涡的生成特性。根据流向涡在zy截面内的流线特征,提出了流向涡的生成条件,研究发现:流向涡可以直接通过一对展向对称的第一模态不稳定斜波扰动与基本流叠加得到,不是必须经过非线性作用。      

涡轮叶片耦合疲劳寿命预测与试验验证

为了解决涡轮转子叶片在温度、离心力和气动/噪声联合载荷作用下的疲劳强度问题,开展了高低周复合载荷谱分解方法和基于高低周载荷的全时域蠕变损伤累积模型研究,提出了同时考虑蠕变损伤、低周疲劳损伤和高周疲劳损伤的耦合疲劳寿命预测方法。同时,通过正交载荷解耦和耦合载荷协调加载控制等关键技术的应用,开发了高温环境下的高低周复合疲劳试验平台。最终,基于设计的涡轮叶片模拟件,完成了耦合疲劳寿命预测和试验验证。结果表明:模拟试件的耦合疲劳寿命试验结果分散系数为1.01,耦合疲劳寿命的预测结果与试验结果偏差小于24%,从而验证了疲劳寿命预测模型的正确性,为我国航空发动机热端部件的疲劳强度设计和验证提供了有效的技术途径。