大气湍流信道中的激光束传输到达角起伏计算及实验

到达角起伏是影响近地大气激光通信链路性能的最主要因素之一。文章对近地大气湍流信道中的激光束传输到达角起伏进行了计算和实验研究。研究结果表明,在大气折射率结构常数为10^-13～10^-16量级的范围内,根据Kolmogorov湍流理论,当大气信道满足局地均匀各向同性条件下,由理论分析和实验数据计算出到达角起伏的值,进而计算出的大气折射率结构常数值,与实验测得的大气折射率结构常数值是基本一致的。     

非平稳大气紊流对弹性飞行器的影响

提出了采用复模态分析方法研究非平稳大气紊流对弹性飞行器的影响，首先给出了非平稳随机大气紊流模型，然后提出了弹性飞行器对非平稳随机大气紊流激励的复模态分析方法，该方法把复杂的随机动力响应计算问题转化为复代数运算问题，为研究飞行器对随机大气紊流的响应开辟了新的途径，最后以某型－空导弹为例，计算其对非平稳随机大气紊流的响应，从而说明非平稳随机大气紊流对弹性飞行器的影响。     

Towards Synthesis of Solar Wind and Geomagnetic Scaling Exponents: A Fractional Lévy Motion Model

Mandelbrot introduced the concept of fractals to describe the non-Euclidean shape of many aspects of the natural world. In the time series context, he proposed the use of fractional Brownian motion (fBm) to model non-negligible temporal persistence, the ‘Joseph Effect’; and Lévy flights to quantify large discontinuities, the ‘Noah Effect’. In space physics, both effects are manifested in the intermittency and long-range correlation which are by now well-established features of geomagnetic indices and their solar wind drivers. In order to capture and quantify the Noah and Joseph effects in one compact model, we propose the application of the ‘bridging’ fractional Lévy motion (fLm) to space physics. We perform an initial evaluation of some previous scaling results in this paradigm, and show how fLm can model the previously observed exponents. We suggest some new directions for the future.     

Two-velocity structure observed in the inner solar wind

Measurements of the motion of plasma density inhomogeneities in the inner solar wind are presented. The speeds were estimated using a cross-correlation analysis of radio frequency fluctuations of the Galileo spacecraft measured simultaneously at widely spaced ground stations. The radial projections of the correlation baselines on the pattern plane were of the order of several thousand kilometers. For cross-correlation functions calculated with comparatively short averaging times, we find that a pronounced two-velocity configuration is occasionally observed over the range of heliocentric distances 20 R < R < 40 R. The typical mean speed for such observations is about 300–400 km/s and the difference between the two predominant speeds is about 150–200 km/s. These results may indicate that the density fluctuations are associated with slow magnetosonic waves propagating in opposite directions at the local speed of sound in the reference frame moving with the mean solar wind speed. Quite reasonable estimates of the solar wind speed and speed of sound are obtained from this model. Another possible explanation of the two-velocity structures is that two independent solar wind streams are present simultaneously along different segments of the radio ray path.     

On the Origin of the Strong Intermittent Nature of Interplanetary Magnetic Field

We briefly discuss the strong intermittent nature of the interplanetary magnetic field, observing that similarity between its statistical properties and the passive scalar ones exists, and may arise from different dynamical mechanisms.     

农林飞机超低空飞行大气紊流影响研究

在建立农林飞机超低空飞行时的大气紊流模型基础上,结合频域和时域两种计算方法研究了各种不同紊流强度下的大气紊流对农林飞机超低空飞行的影响,同时采用加速度综合评分的方法对其影响进行定量评估,最后给出了大气紊流对农林飞机超低空飞行影响的规律,对工程应用有一定的参考价值。     

Complexity in Space Plasmas – A Brief Review

Recent developments of the physics of complexity in space plasmas are briefly reviewed. The definition of dynamical complexity is provided. Concepts of probability distribution functions, wavelet transforms, intermittent turbulence, multifractal processes and extreme events are described. Future directions for this emerging field are discussed.     

Large-eddy Simulation of Near-field Dynamics in a Particle-laden Round Turbulent Jet

This article investigates the near-field dynamics in a particle-laden round turbulent jet in a large-eddy simulation (LES). A point-force two-way coupling model is adopted in the simulation to reveal the particle modulation of turbulence. The particles mainly excite the initial instability of the jet and bring about the earlier breakup of vortex rings in the near-field. The flow fluctuating intensity either in the axial or in the radial directions is hence increased by particles. The article also describes the mean velocity modulated by particles. The changing statistical velocity induced by particle modulation implies the effects of modulation of the local flow structures. This study is expected to be useful to the control of two-phase turbulent jets.     

Prediction of Boundary Layer Transition Based on Modeling of Laminar Fluctuations Using RANS Approach

This article presents a linear eddy-viscosity turbulence model for predicting bypass and natural transition in boundary layers by using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The model includes three transport equations, separately, to compute laminar kinetic energy, turbulent kinetic energy, and dissipation rate in a flow field. It needs neither correlations of intermittency factors nor knowledge of the transition onset. Two transition tests are carried out: flat plate boundary layer under zero ...     

基于当地流动结构的RANS/LES混合模型

针对传统雷诺平均Navier-Stokes/大涡模拟(RANS/LES)混合模型固有的RANS和LES区域衔接难题,借鉴Vreman提出的亚格子(SGS)模型,提取其中描述流动状态的判断函数,利用不可压缩槽道湍流标定模型系数,构造了一个新的RANS/LES混合模型。评估算例包括不可压缩槽道湍流、稳态超声速平板边界层、NACA4412翼型绕流和亚临界雷诺数圆柱绕流。该模型作为壁面模化LES,解决了传统RANS/LES方法中速度型偏离对数律(LLM)的缺陷,且拓宽了原Vreman模型在粗糙网格上的适用性,具有较高精度。该模型同时解决了模化应力折损问题,且对大尺度分离流动的模拟精度相较传统的RANS/LES混合模型如脱体涡模拟(DES)有进一步提升。