BTT导弹神经网络直接逆控制算法的FPGA实现研究

针对BTT导弹控制系统中导弹模型的非线性和强耦合的特点,应用逆7系统和神经网络相结合的方法建立了导弹的逆模型.并以俯仰通道为例,设计了逆控制算法的BP神经网络结构,采用Verilog HDL编写了BP神经网络各个功能模块,并将其在FPGA上实现.通过神经网络逆控制算法在FPGA硬件实现和通用计算机上软件实现的对比,表明...     

微小卫星雷达隐身性能的在轨逆合成孔径雷达成像验证

成像雷达是空间目标监视系统中的重要组成部分.为深入评估某微小卫星的隐身性能,对卫星的逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像效果进行预测,从雷达成像角度评估卫星的隐身效果.首先简述用于空间目标成像的ISAR成像的基本原理.然后构造卫星的散射点模型,散射系数采用微波暗室的实际测量值.依据仿真雷达系统参数和卫星实际在轨运行参数,计算卫星ISAR成像所需成像时间.对卫星3种飞行姿态,即卫星顶部指向地球表面的隐身姿态、卫星顶部与飞行方向一致和卫星底部指向地球表面两种非隐身姿态,以及不同信噪比情况,进行ISAR仿真,详细分析每种情况下的运动补偿效果和最终ISAR成像效果,说明了卫星隐身设计的有效性.     

ISAR非平稳目标成像时间和转速联合估计方法

针对逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)非平稳目标成像,提出基于两特显点相位联合估计成像时间和转速的方法,并得到了转速与相位斜率差(PSD)的解析表达式.首先,基于两个特显点距离单元估计目标转动相位,根据不同时间段转动相位线性度(PLD)选择成像时间.其次,在适合成像的时间段,将成像时间等分成两段,分别提取两段时间内转动相位的斜...     

The Ice Survey Opportunity of ISO

The instruments on board the Infrared Space Observatory have for the first time allowed a complete low (PHOT, CVF) to medium resolution (SWS) spectroscopic harvest, from 2.5 to 45 μm, of interstellar dust. Amongst the detected solids present in starless molecular clouds surrounding recently born stellar and still embedded objects or products of the chemistry in some mass loss envelopes, the so-called “ice mantles” are of specific interest. They represent an interface between the very refractory carbonaceous and silicates materials that built the first grains with the rich chemistry taking place in the gas phase. Molecules condense, react on ices, are subjected to UV and cosmic ray irradiation at low temperatures, participating efficiently to the evolution toward more complex molecules, being in constant interaction in an ice layer. They also play an important role in the radiative transfer of molecular clouds and strongly affect the gas phase chemistry. ISO results shed light on many other species than H₂O ice. The detection of these van der Waal's solids is mainly performed in absorption. Each ice feature observed by ISO spectrometer is an important species, with abundance in the 10⁻⁴–10⁻⁷ range with respect to H₂. Such high abundances represent a substantial reservoir of matter that, once released later on, replenishes the gas phase and feeds the ladder of molecular complexity. Medium resolution spectroscopy also offers the opportunity to look at individual line profiles of the ice features, and therefore to progressively reveal the interactions taking place in the mantles. This article will give a view on selected results to avoid to overlap with the numerous reviews the reader is invited to consult (e.g. van Dishoeck, in press; Gibb et al., 2004.). Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.     

耐碱棉纸中含铁量的测定方法

用Ｎ２ＯＣ２Ｈ２原子吸收法来测定某型导弹热电池耐碱棉纸中的铁含量。并对测定条件和干扰困素进行了综合考虑。该测定方法具有很好的灵敏度，很好的精确度、干扰少、选择性和重现性好等优点。相对标准偏差ＲＳＤ＜１．０％（ｎ＝１０）。标准加入回收率均在９８％～１０２％（ｎ＝３）范围内。完全适用于耐碱棉纸中的含铁量的控制和样品系统分析。在实际应用中取得了很好的效果。     

根据"大震不倒"要求反演优化设计工程结构

工程结构系统在地震作用下的设计要求是“小震不坏,大震不倒”,现行的概念设计加抗震验算设计方法给出的只能是一个可用解,而不是满足“大震不倒”要求的最优解。本文结合钢筋混凝土框架结构,讨论了根据工程结构“大震不倒”的要求反演优化设计工程结构的有关参数(如钢筋混凝土框架的配筋率、混凝土标号、截面尺寸等)的概念、方法并给出了算例,说明这种不同于传统结构设计的新的设计理念是可行的,有关方法是有效的。     

飞机突防航迹的非线性解耦跟踪

针对12维非线性飞机动力学模型,利用非线性逆系统理论和现代最优控制理论设计了一组非线性飞行控制规律。这组控制规律通过解耦控制飞机的飞行速度(V)、滚转角(φ)、航迹角(γ)和偏航角(φ_w),使飞机能够精确地跟踪期望的三维突防航迹。计算结果表明,由于这组控制规律计及了飞机动力学模型中的非线性因素,能够完全消除飞机的剧烈耦合反应,从而有效地改善了飞机的动态特性,提高了其低空机动飞行的安全性,大大减轻了驾驶员的工作负担和精神压力,从而圆满地完成突防袭击任务。     

伴随压力分布反设计方法在大型客机气动优化中的初步探索

从工程应用角度出发,对离散伴随压力分布反设计优化方法在宽体客机机翼设计中的应用进行了研究。提出了三维构型伴随压力分布反设计与伴随优化相结合的优化设计思路,促进了离散伴随气动优化设计方法的工程化。首先,针对CRM机翼构型进行了三维压力分布反设计,验证了离散伴随压力分布反设计在三维问题中的准确性和高效性。其次,应用提出的新的优化设计思路,在某宽体全机构型两点气动优化结果的基础上,引入压力分布反设计约束方法,改进了机翼压力分布和低马赫数的阻力蠕增特性,并取得了不错的减阻及阻力发散特性提升效果,提升了优化构型的工程适用性。     

民用飞机机身段适坠性数值仿真分析

在飞机紧急迫降过程中,首先要保证碰撞后乘客在客舱区域有足够的逃生空间,其次基于结构强度和撞击持续时间,要确保传递给乘客的加速度和冲击载荷必须降低到人体损伤容限以下。对飞机机身部分结构进行了有限元建模,模拟了其从4.27 m的高度开始坠落,产生9.14 m/s的垂直冲击速度,整个分析过程使用ABAQUS/Explicit计算完成。对机身碰撞后的整体变形展开研究,如机身选定位置的加速度时间历程以及关键结构部件的能量吸收历程,最后确定机身隔框对冲击过程中的能量吸收起着最重要的作用,其次为蒙皮和客舱地板梁。在机身结构的右侧(本文的方向为飞行员视角,与读者看到的方向左右相反)有货舱门和门框,由于机身结构的不对称性,造成左右两侧的速度和加速度不一致。     

Black hole accretion and X-ray spectra of QSOS

Changes in Eddington accretion ratios are thought to result in X-ray spectral index changes in Galactic binary black hole systems. Objects with higher Eddington ratios have softer X-ray spectra. Can we apply this result to much more massive black hole systems such as QSOs? If so, X-ray observations will give us valuable insight into the physics of QSOs. Among QSOs, X-ray spectral index is part of a large set of correlated optical and UV observational properties, especially optical Fe II and [O III] strengths in the Hβ region. To investigate whether this set of correlations is related to Eddington ratio, we use as probes, BALQSOs that have been suggested to be youthful super-accretors. We conducted infrared spectroscopy of the Hβ rest wavelength region for a sample of BALQSOs and compared line measurements with those for high and low redshift non-BAL QSOs. Hβ line widths and bolometric luminosity are used to calculate QSO black hole masses and Eddington ratios. Our results support the hypothesis that optical Fe II and [O III] line strengths are Eddington ratio indicators in QSO central engines. A possible explanation is that strong Fe II and weak [O III] indicate abundant cold gas that could fuel near Eddington accretion.