GPS相对定位在星间测量中的应用

基于GPS载波相位差分技术,提出了星间测量中的GPS相对定位测量方案,分析了其算法模型,并利用两台GPS接收机进行了高动态仿真验证。仿真结果表明,该方案能达到厘米级的相对定位精度。     

对当前就业问题的思考

“十五”期间正值我国就业的高峰时期,解决好就业问题,首先要摸清现阶段就业状况及导致失业的原因,提出相应的解决对策,无疑是具有积极意义的。     

Multi-sensor control for precise assembly of optical components

In order to perform an optical assembly accurately, a multi-sensor control strategy is developed which includes an attitude measurement system, a vision system, a loss measurement system and a force sensor. A 3-DOF attitude measuring method using linear variable differential transformers （LVDT） is designed to adjust the relation of position and attitude between the spher- ical mirror and the resonator. A micro vision feedback system is set up to extract the light beam and the diaphragm, which can achieve the coarse positioning of the spherical mirror in the optical assembly process. A rapid self-correlation method is presented to analyze the spectrum signal for the fine positioning. In order to prevent the damage of the optical components and realize sealing of the resonator, a hybrid force-position control is constructed to control the contact force of the optical components. The experimental results show that the proposed multi-sensor control strategy succeeds in accomplishing the precise assembly of the optical components, which consists of parallel adjustment, macro coarse adjustment, macro approach, micro fine adjustment, micro approach and optical contact. Therefore, the results validate the multi-sensor control strategy.     

Finite element modelling and experimental investigation of the impact of filling different materials in copper tubes during 3D free bending process

3D free bending process, an advanced metal forming technology, has attracted much attention due to its unique geometrical flexibility and efficiency. Filling tubes with materials may effectively reduce the distortion in the cross-section area and restrain wrinkling and collapse of tube wall. In the present study, the impacts of filling different materials on the copper tubes during 3D free bending process were investigated. We have found that copper tubes filled with low melting point alloys could induce the most uniform stress distribution, which result in better formability and moderate thickness changing rates when compared to SS304 steel balls and PU rubbers. The lowest ellipticity reached to 1.467%.     

卫星导航和惯性导航与时间和空间的理论

从卫星导航和惯性导航的测速定位机理分析出发讨论了时间和空间理论的有关基本问题。提供了一种卫星导航的原理完备的观测方程形式,包括惯性和非惯性物理效应。着重讨论了洛伦兹一次项的效应,伽里略变换自然进化到洛伦兹变换,“同地性”的相对性自然导致“同时性”的相对性。从卫星导航的单程光（电磁）信号的特点出发讨论了爱因斯坦“往”和“返”双程光信号定义带来的困惑。指出哈勃红移是超低速度和超大距离的狭义相对论效应验证。用爱因斯坦对惯性质量和引力质量等效原理的论述,论证了惯性导航的理论基础和超过 3×10 8m/s的速度测量机理。     

Optimal spacecraft formation establishment and reconfiguration propelled by the geomagnetic Lorentz force

The Lorentz force acting on an electrostatically charged spacecraft as it moves through the planetary magnetic field could be utilized as propellantless electromagnetic propulsion for orbital maneuvering, such as spacecraft formation establishment and formation reconfiguration. By assuming that the Earth’s magnetic field could be modeled as a tilted dipole located at the center of Earth that corotates with Earth, a dynamical model that describes the relative orbital motion of Lorentz spacecraft is developed. Based on the proposed dynamical model, the energy-optimal open-loop trajectories of control inputs, namely, the required specific charges of Lorentz spacecraft, for Lorentz-propelled spacecraft formation establishment or reconfiguration problems with both fixed and free final conditions constraints are derived via Gauss pseudospectral method. The effect of the magnetic dipole tilt angle on the optimal control inputs and the relative transfer trajectories for formation establishment or reconfiguration is also investigated by comparisons with the results derived from a nontilted dipole model. Furthermore, a closed-loop integral sliding mode controller is designed to guarantee the trajectory tracking in the presence of external disturbances and modeling errors. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by a Lyapunov-based approach. Numerical simulations are presented to verify the validity of the proposed open-loop control methods and demonstrate the performance of the closed-loop controller. Also, the results indicate the dipole tilt angle should be considered when designing control strategies for Lorentz-propelled spacecraft formation establishment or reconfiguration.     

航天电子对抗星间天线捕获跟踪技术研究

随着卫星通信技术的发展,星间链路作为传输航天器控制指令信息和遥感数据的通道,应用越来越普遍。星间天线对信号的扫描捕获跟踪是星间链路接收的首要条件。针对航天电子对抗星间天线捕获跟踪的需求,对天线扫描捕获方法进行了研究,给出了仿真分析结果和参数选用建议。     

Experimental investigations of a full model with adaptive elasto-flexible membrane wings

The morphing wing concept aims to constantly adapt the aerodynamics to different flight stages. The wing is able to adapt to different flight conditions by an adjustable Aspect Ratio (AR) and sweep. A high AR configuration provides high aerodynamic efficiency, while a low AR configuration, with highly swept wings offers a good maneuverability. Additionally, the flexible membrane allows the wing surface to stretch and contract in-plane as well as the airfoil to adapt to different aerodynamic loads. In the context of this work, the aerodynamic characteristics of a full model with form-adaptive elasto-flexible membrane wings are investigated experimentally. The focus is on the high-lift regime and on the analysis of the aerodynamic coefficients as well as their sensitivities. Especially, the lateral aerodynamic derivatives at asymmetric wing positions are of interest.     

基于力传感器的压力电测系统准静态校准方法研究

针对现有基于落锤装置的比对式准静态压力校准方法中存在的问题,提出了一种通过力传感器来校准压力电测系统的方法。阐述了力监测压力校准方法的原理,介绍了专用力传感器的设计思路,推导了力和压力的理论模型,在此基础上开展了多组校准试验,通过最小二乘法得出了力和压力的线性关系数学模型,并通过多组重复性试验对模型的稳定性进行了考核。试验结果表明,力峰值和压力峰值之间存在良好的线性关系,而且模型的稳定性较高,与现有的比对式准静态校准方法测得的压力峰值相比,模型的计算误差不超过0.95%,该方法可作为一种有效的压力校准方法。     

两车速度对超车过程轿车气动特性影响的研究

利用动网格技术对超车过程中两种相对速度下车辆周围非定常流场进行了数值模拟,得到超车车辆和被超车辆受到的侧向力、侧倾力矩和横摆力矩在超车过程中的变化情况,并根据两种速度情况下的流场特性,分析其对气动力特性的影响。计算结果表明：超车速度越大,被超车辆最大侧向力、侧倾力矩和横摆力矩越大;超车车辆最大侧向力、侧倾力矩越大,横摆力矩越小。