多无人机协同导航技术研究现状及进展

UAV是无人驾驶飞机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)的简称,无人机相较于有人驾驶飞机具有用途广泛、成本低和生存能力强等特点,在军事民用领域都有着广阔的前景,受到了国内外研究者的关注。协同导航技术极大地扩展了无人机的应用范围,提高了多无人机定位的精度以及无人机编队的稳定性、安全性和可靠性。现阶段协同导航技术在编队导航、目标监测与跟踪等诸多方面都得到了研究与应用。从四个层次对协同导航的研究现状和进展进行探讨:首先是对多无人机协同导航的概念、基本原理、国内外发展现状和必要性进行阐述;其次对协同导航中相对导航方式进行了分类分析,并分别介绍了无线电导航与视觉导航的原理、优缺点和应用场景;然后从导航目的、协同导航优化算法、滤波方法、协同导航信息融合容错策略几个方面对协同导航进行分析归纳;最后,讨论了基于多无人机协同导航未来的发展趋势。     

基于位置修正的轨迹测量方法研究

传统精密轨迹测量方法大都采用GPS、全站仪等设备,存在设备不易架设、数据不连续、对环境要求较高等缺点。针对该问题提出一种基于航位推算系统的轨迹测量方法。该方法在航位推算基础上引入了位置修正技术,通过起始点与终点坐标即可计算出系统俯仰角误差、方位角误差及里程仪标度因数误差。系统完成航位推算计算后,用求解出的系统误差对航位推算轨迹进行修正,即可获得高精度的轨迹数据。最后通过试验验证该方法可行,系统行进153m误差小于0.12m。     

人工智能技术在航天器数据监视中的应用研究

通过对航天器数据监视需求的分析,指出了智能监视是航天器数据监视的必然趋势,并对航天器数据智能监视的可行性进行了分析。在深入探讨人工智能技术研究成果的基础上,给出了基于人工智能技术的航天器数据智能监视系统(SDIMS)方案。     

根据两颗导航星信息估计捷联惯导系统误差的一种方法

针对高机动短时间飞行的飞行器,介绍了一种根据它相对2颗导航卫星的伪距离和伪速度信息,估计捷联惯导系统定位和定速度误差的方法.考虑到由确定飞行器相对每颗星的径向距离和速度的非线性方程施加的约束,根据这些误差矢量长度最小值的条件确定误差值.用空间解析几何法得出了计算捷联惯导系统误差估值的最终算法,这种算法能给出非线性最小值问题的精确解.     

Mining Spatial Associations with Limited Sensory Information

Abstract

Human navigation in an unknown environment requires an understanding of the spatial relationships of the terrain. For example, a soldier who is on a reconnaissance mission in a new city needs to “know” the spatial layout of the surroundings with high confidence. Oftentimes, this understanding must be acquired within a very short amount of time and with limited sensory inputs. The soldier would benefit from a digital avatar that draws inferences about the spatial layout of the city based on an initial set of observations and guides the soldier either in further exploring the environment or in making decisions based on these inferences. In this paper, we present and evaluate an inductive approach to learning spatial associations using sensory data that is available from the simulation environment of a computer game, Unreal Tournament. We study two kinds of spatial relationships between nodes on a level of a game map: nodes that are placed near each other to satisfy some spatial requirement and nodes that are placed near each other to satisfy the design preferences of a level architect. We show that we can infer both kinds of relationships using an association rule mining algorithm. Furthermore, we show how to use an ontology to distinguish between these relationships in order to discover different types of spatial arrangements on a specific map. We discuss how the inferred associations can be used to control an avatar that makes recommendations for navigating unexplored areas on a map. We conclude with some thoughts on the applicability of our methods to scenarios in the real world, beyond the simulation environment of a game, and on how the learned associations can be represented and queried by a simple question-answer type system.     

试论现代图书馆开展网络资源导航服务

计算机科学技术飞速发展，网络资源丰富杂乱，纸质资源捉襟见肘，通过阐述现代图书馆开展网络资源导航的必要性和可能性，找到现代图书馆的定位和方向，最后阐述现代图书馆开展网络资源导航的意义和价值。     

Matching suitable feature construction for SAR images based on evolutionary synthesis strategy

In the paper,a set of algorithms to construct synthetic aperture radar（SAR）matching suitable features are frstly proposed based on the evolutionary synthesis strategy.During the process,on the one hand,the indexes of primary matching suitable features（PMSFs）are designed based on the characteristics of image texture,SAR imaging and SAR matching algorithm,which is a process involving expertise;on the other hand,by designing a synthesized operation expression tree based on PMSFs,a much more flexible expression form of synthesized features is built,which greatly expands the construction space.Then,the genetic algorithm-based optimized searching process is employed to search the synthesized matching suitable feature（SMSF）with the highest effciency,largely improving the optimized searching effciency.In addition,the experimental results of the airborne synthetic aperture radar ortho-images of C-band and P-band show that the SMSFs gained via the algorithms can reflect the matching suitability of SAR images accurately and the matching probabilities of selected matching suitable areas of ortho-images could reach 99±0.5%.     

大航向角误差情况下飞行中对准研究

为了解决飞行器在大航向角误差的情况下进行飞行中对准的难题,将一种线性大航向角误差模型应用于飞行器飞行中对准的过程.详细推导了线性大航向角误差模型,设计了飞行器在大航向角误差情况下进行飞行中对准的卡尔曼滤波模型,并进行了数字仿真.仿真结果表明,线性大航向角误差模型应用于飞行器飞行中对准,能够很好地解决飞行器在大航向角误差情况下进行对准的难点,并给出了适合于大航向角误差模型的机动方式.最后,提出了线性大航向角误差模型在工程应用中的几点建议     

一种扩展的比例导引规律及其弹道方程的构建

在传统的动力学微分方程的基础上提出了一种扩展的比例导引法 ,并给出了该导引规律下的相对弹道方程。文中的推理过程表明 ,这种导引规律对导弹、目标的运动速度几乎没有限制 ,理论上说明运用该制导规律的导弹将能对付高机动大速度目标 ,其弹道方程的建立 ,使得研究该制导规律下的弹道特性成为可能。