可展桁架天线形面精度理论分析

针对可展桁架天线杆件多和转动铰多的特点, 研究杆件加工公差和转动铰间隙对天线反射面精度和重复展开精度的影响. 根据杆件加工公差和转动铰间隙发生的随机性, 建立相应的随机数据模型和Monte-Carlo随机有限元模型, 计算杆件加工公差和转动铰间隙所引起的天线反射面精度误差. 研究表明, 间隙所引起的反射面精度误差远大于杆件公差所引起的误差, 并且天线重复展开精度差值不宜忽视.      

反渗透水处理技术的应用

介绍了反渗透水处理技术的特点、应用现状和其发展前景。     

柔性杆子杆模型参数的遗传算法优化求解

研究了应用实数型的遗传算法解决柔性机器人子杆法建模中,子杆模型参数的优化求解问题.子杆模型参数形成高度非线性的方程组,它的求解是子杆法能否实现的关键.普通的牛顿迭代法及其变形,要求初始向量足够靠近解,一些所谓大范围收敛的算法又有方程组的Jacobian矩阵非奇异等要求,在此都难以应用.本文基于遗传算法的解法可求得模型参数的最优解,实例仿真显示了这一方法的可行性和高效率.      

基于在轨组装维护的多载荷协同观测卫星平台构型设计

针对高轨遥感卫星多载荷协同观测和一致测量应用需求,在前期总体技术方案研究的基础上,通过开展现有在轨组装航天器和高轨卫星公用平台的构型调研,提出了一种适用于多载荷协同观测需求的平台构型设计方案。平台利用CZ-5运载火箭发射并在轨展开,采用“网格式中心承力筒+板+桁架”式的总体构型,开展了主传力路径、贮箱承载结构、网格式中心承力筒等的细化设计工作,并进行了结构产品的初步设计,建立了平台结构整星的有限元模型。仿真分析表明:平台结构整星的各向一阶频率均能满足运载火箭的频率要求。基于标准化、通用化的平台接口设计,使其具备可扩展及可维修的能力,大大提升了平台鲁棒性。基于全网格筒的主承力设计,增强平台结构承载能力,并改善平台内部热环境。该设计方案可为基于在轨组装维护的高轨遥感大平台结构的设计提供有价值的参考。     

面向微波电力传输的低成本易部署柔性接收天线阵

文章提出了一种用于微波电力传输(MPT)系统的柔性能量接收天线阵列,具有面积大、成本低、易部署的特点。由于能量接收器表面通常为不平整状态,因此,传统刚性材质天线无法完成共形共面制备。为了适应各种外型的运用场景,文章采用柔性材料设计天线,其介质基板和辐射导体分别基于聚酰亚胺和新型液态金属镓铟合金（其中镓的占比为75.5％,铟的占比为245％）。由于MPT应用场景非常复杂多变,故对便携性提出要求。采用折叠/充气展开技术进行结构设计,以实现接收天线阵列收放的便捷性。使用三维电磁场仿真软件（CST）对设计的柔性接收天线从单元到阵列进行仿真,天线工作频点为58GHz。最大捕获效率超过55％,并且在弯曲工况下捕获效率超过35％。仿真结果证明了文章工作的有效性和正确性。     

Investigation on the interface damage in drilling low-stiffness CFRP/Ti stacks

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic and titanium alloy (CFRP/Ti) stacks have been widely used as aerospace structures because of their excellent combination of physical properties. Interface damage caused by interface gaps, significantly different from that of metal/metal stacks, is a common problem in the through-hole drilling of CFRP/Ti stacks with low stiffness. In this study, a force–deformation coupling model was developed to further examine the formation mechanism and the control method of interface damage. Firstly, the coupling model was built considering the interaction between the thrust force and the deformation. To solve this model, a numerical method was proposed in which specific cutting coefficients were calibrated using only the thrust force of rigid stacks. Secondly, drilling experiments were performed with different feed rates and bending stiffness. Experimental results indicate that interface damage mainly includes interlayer chips and surface damage of CFRP layers. The surface damage, which is irreparable, is caused by the rotary extension of metal chips along the interlayer gap. Thirdly, variations of the interface gap were calculated with the coupling model that had been verified by measured thrust forces. The damage area was found to have a linear dependence relation with the interlayer gap. However, in conditions of large gap sizes, the interface damage areas increased with the interlayer gap at high feed rates, while decreasing slightly at low feed rates. This phenomenon was satisfactorily explained by the presented model. Finally, a method was proposed to determine the appropriate pressure exceeding which no interlayer damage will occur. Additional drilling experiments proved the method effective. This study leads to further understanding of the forming mechanism of interlayer damage and of selecting appropriate parameters in drilling low-stiffness composite/metal stacks.     

Classification of solar wind structures and intense geomagnetic storm alarms with self-organizing maps

Intense geomagnetic storms (D_st < −100 nT) usually occur when a large interplanetary duskward-electric field (with Ey > 5 mV m⁻¹) lasts for more than 3 h. In this article, a self-organizing map (SOM) neural network is used to recognize different patterns in the temporal variation of hourly averaged Ey data and to predict intense storms. The input parameters of SOM are the hourly averaged Ey data over 3 h. The output layer of the SOM has a total of 400 neurons. The hourly Ey data are calculated from solar wind data, which are provided by NSSDC OMNIWeb and ACE spacecraft and contain information on 143 intense storms and a fair number of moderate storms, weak storms and quiet periods between September 3, 1966 and June 30, 2002. Our results show that SOM is able to classify solar wind structures and therefore to give timely intense storm alarms. In our SOM, 21 neurons out of 400 are identified to be closely associated with the intense storms and they successfully predict 134 intense storms out of the 143 ones selected. In particular, there are 14 neurons for which, if one or more of them are present, the occurrence probability of intense storms is about 90%. In addition, several of these 14 neurons can predict big magnetic storm (D_st  −180 nT). In summary, our method achieves high accuracy in predicting intense geomagnetic storms and could be applied in space environment prediction.     

气垫支承特性分析

运用气垫支承技术进行重物运输是一种新型的物料搬运方法，它具有摩擦力小，机动灵活的优点，尤其适用于大型，精密装置的搬运，气垫支承技术的关键部件是柔性气垫单元，它在工作中的受力，变形是比较复杂的，本文采用联立求解雷诺方程和弹性元件变形方程的方法，对柔性气垫单元的受力，压力分布，变形及应力进行了计算，计算结果与实测数据基本一致，最后，讨论了结构参数对气垫性能的影响，可以作为气垫单元结构设计的参考。     

柔性热防护系统及相关热考核试验

柔性热防护系统为高超声速充气气动减速器的防热需求而发展,主要为大质量地球再入及未来火星的进入、下降和着陆系统的防热而研发。本文介绍了美国针对高超声速充气气动减速器已经进行和正在策划的飞行试验情况以及火星进入、下降和着陆系统对柔性热防护系统的使用热环境需求。对柔性热防护系统的基本组成进行了介绍,详细描述柔性热防护系统的相关热考核试验。     

智能结构有限元模型的建立及静态形状控制

本文建立了含有分布压电传感元件和执行元件的板结构的有限元模型，提出了一种新的具有电自由度板弯曲单元，用于分析含有分布传感元件和执行元件的板结构。以此为基础，提出了智能结构静态形状控制的一般方法，即被动控制方法和主动控制方法。最后，提供了两个数值示例，说明本文提出的方法的应用。