Structural design and optimization for vent holes of an industrial turbine sealing disk

Severe stress concentration occurs around circular vent holes of an industrial turbine sealing disk. This paper investigates the structural design and optimization for the vent holes to effectively reduce the maximum von Mises stress and improve the fatigue life of the turbine sealing disk. An efficient integrated design optimization method is presented based on a novel non-circular vent hole design method in combination with a variable dimension sub-model method, a self-developed modeling and meshing tool, and the Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm. The proposed non-circular vent hole is biaxial symmetric and consists of four smoothly connected arcs. The variable dimension sub-model method is utilized to obtain accurate results in the fields around the vent holes within the computationally acceptable time. The modeling and meshing tool is developed by using the Tcl/Tk Scripts to rebuild the geometry and generate the high-quality hexahedral mesh automatically. The Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm is adopted to solve the studied constrained optimization problem. After optimization, the maximum von Mises stress is reduced from 1305.644 MPa to 963.435 MPa, and the fatigue life is increased from 3091 cycles to 30,297 cycles. The results show that the proposed design and optimization methods can significantly improve the performance of the turbine sealing disk along with the remarkable drop in stress concentration.     

船舶燃气轮机U型肋通道的颗粒沉积特性研究

为了探究船舶燃气轮机内部冷却通道的颗粒沉积特性,本研究从随压气机抽取的气体进入冷却涡轮内部冷却通道内的颗粒动力学特性及颗粒与壁面相互作用特性出发,基于高温壁面建立速度场影响的沉积模型,利用用户自定义函数实现沉积模型与CFD程序的嵌套。并简化船舶燃气轮机内部冷却通道,选取了在气膜孔与壁面之间夹角β=90°时,下游肋倾角α不同(α=30°,45°,60°,75°,90°),及在下游肋倾角α=60°时,气膜孔与壁面之间夹角β不同(β=30°,45°,60°,75°,90°)的八种不同内冷结构进行数值计算。研究表明,在气膜孔与壁面之间夹角β=90°不变时,随着下游肋倾角由α=90°减到α=30°时,弯头壁面换热性能和沉积率逐渐呈下降趋势,下游肋与肋之间壁面上颗粒的撞击率逐渐上升。下游肋倾角α=60°,气膜孔与壁面之间夹角β=45°的U型肋通道,在八个内冷结构中弯头壁面沉积率最少,换热性能最好,是能够有效改善船舶燃气轮机冷却涡轮的海洋环境工作适应性,减少内部冷却通道中颗粒沉积的内冷结构。     

全复式定子和转子落料模具的研究

介绍了电机全复式定子冲片和转子圆片一次冲压成型的落料工艺,通过阶梯冲实现定子内外圆、定子槽型、转子内外圆的分离。该工艺关键点在于转子凸凹模,其既是刃口又是卸料板,全部采用模具钢制造。整个冲裁过程仅需一道工序即可完成,生产效率大幅提高,节省了人力,降低了生产成本,提高了定子冲片精度。     

Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in a twisting solar polar coronal hole jet observed by SDO/AIA

We investigate the conditions under which the fluting ($m=2$), $m=3$, and $m=12$ magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes in a uniformly twisted flux tube moving along its axis become unstable in order to model the Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instability in a twisting solar coronal hole jet near the northern pole of the Sun. We employed the dispersion relations of MHD modes derived from the linearized MHD equations. We assumed real wavenumbers and complex angular wave frequencies, namely complex wave phse velocities. The dispersion relations were solved numerically at fixed input parameters (taken from observational data) and varying degrees of torsion of the internal magnetic field. It is shown that the stability of the modes depends upon five parameters: the density contrast between the flux tube and its environment, the ratio of the external and internal axial magnetic fields, the twist of the magnetic field lines inside the tube, the ratio of transverse and axial jet’s velocities, and the value of the Alfvén Mach number (the ratio of the tube axial velocity to Alfvén speed inside the flux tube). Using a twisting jet of 2010 August 21 by SDO/AIA and other observations of coronal jets we set the parameters of our theoretical model and have obtained that in a twisted magnetic flux tube of radius of $9.8$ Mm, at a density contrast of $0.474$ and fixed Alfvén Mach number of $?0.76$, for the three MHD modes there exist instability windows whose width crucially depends upon the internal magnetic field twist. It is found that for the considered modes an azimuthal magnetic field of $1.3$–$1.4$ G (computed at the tube boundary) makes the width of the instability windows equal to zero, that is, it suppress the KH instability onset. On the other hand, the times for developing KH instability of the $m=12$ MHD mode at instability wavelengths between 15 and 12 Mm turn out to be in the range of $1.9$–$4.7$ min that is in agreement with the growth rates estimated from the temporal evolution of the observed unstable jet’s blobs in their initial stage.     

含钉孔有限大板应力集中系数解法—解析最小二乘法

在研究孔边应力集中系数的问题中，利用了复变函数方法，设预先满足所有的基本方程的待定复函数，再利用最小二乘法使其满足边界条件，从而解出孔边应力集中系数。     

高温合金小孔钻削攻丝加工的方法

高温合金材料的小孔加工,特别是孔径尺寸上下偏差差值小的孔及小螺纹的加工,保证一次加工合格率较为困难,本文结合实际加工的某零件,从高温合金的切削特点、加工技法等方面进行探讨,详细叙述小孔钻削、攻丝加工的经验和方法,通过方法改进,高效高质完成产品的高精度尺寸要求.     

有理双圆弧插值与双圆弧样条曲面

阐明了用有理参数形式表示圆弧的充要条件。在此基础上建立了由三点确定的双圆弧的有理参数方程。提出了有理双圆弧插值的算法,其中包括建立连续性方程,计算弦切角以及构造样条曲线。此外,构造了一类以双圆弧样条为横向截线的直纹曲面     

涡扇发动机可变几何参数调节对性能影响的分析

对于混合排气加力涡扇发动机可变几何参数调节对其性能的影响进行了分析研究, 结果表明在超声速飞行条件下调节几何参数对于改善性能有显着效果。      

钉孔挤压强化弹塑性计算中形变理论适用性探讨

本文为了检验形变理论在计算钉孔挤压残余应力场的可用性,对同一模型分别釆用全量法和增量法进行有限元计算,计算结果表明:在小的挤压量下,即δ≤2％(挤压量δ定义为(D_棒-D_板)/D_板×100％),两种方法均可釆用,当挤压量较大,即δ>2％时,全量法的结果与边界条件吻合得不好,而增量法符合得很好。从实验结果看,用全量法计算的残余应力计算试件的疲劳裂纹起始寿命与实验结果相差较大,而增量法计算的该寿命则与实验结果接近。工程中的挤压过程大都釆用较大的挤压量,所以,形变理论不适合计算钉孔挤压的残余应力场。     

日球基本参数的冕洞周变化与冕洞大气

本文利用MHD波与日冕大气耦合的磁流体动力学方程组,计算得到冕洞内的日冕大气的温度T、密度N和流速V的分布.根据这些量的分布特点,认为日球基本参数T、N和V的冕洞周变化,可以用冕洞磁场的非径向因子a值,随黑子活动的下降而变小来解释.