一次民机飞行中甚高频通信不稳定的排故

针对某型号民用飞机甚高频通信系统在飞行中出现断续故障的情况，对系统的架构进行描述，分析了故障产生的机理，提出了排故思路，记述了排故过程，并总结了甚高频通信系统的设计要点和工艺要点。     

基于PAM-CRASH的蒙皮典型结构高速冲击仿真

以典型蒙皮结构为研究对象，分别对由2024－T3铝合金和碳纤维复合材料交替层压而成的FMLs以及2024－T3铝合金蒙皮进行高速冲击有限元仿真，并进行了损伤对比。其中，铝合金层和碳纤维层均采用最大应变准则。利用碰撞模拟分析软件PAM-CRASH以及采用SPH弹体对冲击模型进行仿真，结果显示在相同冲击能量下，加了支承结构的蒙皮在损伤抗性方面有了明显提升，并在此基础上分析不同的纤维铺层角度和铺层方式对FMLs蒙皮性能的影响。     

一种温度动态调节方法及其动态性能仿真研究

航空气源模拟试验台主要用于模拟不同飞行状态时发动机给空气管理系统的供气,由于飞机爬升、降落时发动机供气参数会急剧变化,因此航空气源模拟试验台需具备动态能力.基于一种温度动态调节方法,在合理简化的基础之上采用NHT方法对其温度动态性能进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明该温度动态调节方法能够满足温度动态性能需求,对动态航空气源模拟试验台的设计选型有较高的参考价值.     

Spectroscopy peculiarities of thermal plasma of electric arc discharge between electrodes with Zn admixtures

Plasma of the free burning electric arc between Ag–SnO₂–ZnO composite electrodes as well as brass electrodes were investigated. The plasma temperature distributions were obtained by Boltzmann plot method involving Cu I, Ag I or Zn I spectral line emissions. The electron density distributions were obtained from the width and from absolute intensity of spectral lines. The laser absorption spectroscopy was used for measurement of copper atom concentration in plasma. Plasma equilibrium composition was calculated using two independent groups of experimental values (temperature and copper atom concentration, temperature and electron density). It was found that plasma of the free burning electric arc between brass electrodes is in local thermodynamical equilibrium. The experimental verification of the spectroscopic data of Zn I spectral lines was carried out.     

Grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient in MQL grinding of high-temperature nickel-base alloy by using different vegetable oils as base oil

Vegetable oil can be used as a base oil in minimal quantity of lubrication(MQL). This study compared the performances of MQL grinding by using castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, and palm oil as base oils. A K-P36 numerical-control precision surface grinder was used to perform plain grinding on a workpiece material with a high-temperature nickel base alloy. A YDM–III 99 three-dimensional dynamometer was used to measure grinding force,and a clip-type thermocouple was used to determine grinding temperature. The grinding force, grinding temperature, and energy ratio coefficient of MQL grinding were compared among the seven vegetable oil types. Results revealed that(1) castor oil-based MQL grinding yields the lowest grinding force but exhibits the highest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(2) palm oil-based MQL grinding generates the second lowest grinding force but shows the lowest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(3) MQL grinding based on the five other vegetable oils produces similar grinding forces, grinding temperatures, and energy ratio coefficients, with values ranging between those of castor oil and palm oil;(4) viscosity significantly influences grinding force and grinding temperature to a greater extent than fatty acid varieties and contents in vegetable oils;(5) although more viscous vegetable oil exhibits greater lubrication and significantly lower grinding force than less viscous vegetable oil, high viscosity reduces the heat exchange capability of vegetable oil and thus yields a high grinding temperature;(6) saturated fatty acid is a more efficient lubricant than unsaturated fatty acid; and(7) a short carbon chain transfers heat more effectively than a long carbon chain. Palm oil is the optimum base oil of MQL grinding, and this base oil yields 26.98 N tangential grinding force,87.10 N normal grinding force, 119.6 °C grinding temperature, and 42.7% energy ratio coefficient.     

长板件数控加工技术的探索与研究

结合某型机板件在数控加工中的研制生产状况和存在的问题,论述了实现各种长板件类结构零件装夹定位、刀具及其参数、加工方案及程编策略.通过这些技术措施的实施,在一定程度上解决了在加工长板类零件装夹和定位时出现的零件变形、让刀效率低、质量不稳定等问题.     

动力失效对起飞纵向气动特性影响数值研究

研究民用飞机动力失效对飞机起飞阶段纵向气动特性的影响规律及其机理,对保证飞机有效操纵和安全飞行具有重要意义.采用在点对点多块结构化网格系统上求解三维可压缩雷诺平均N-S方程的数值方法,研究发动机动力失效对某民用飞机起飞构型纵向气动特性的影响.通过DLR-F11模型验证研究方法对民用飞机高升力构型气动特性的预测能力;针对安装动力短舱的某翼吊涡扇发动机民用飞机起飞构型,通过对比其发动机在正常工况和失效时飞机气动特性的差异,得出动力失效对飞机纵向气动特性的影响规律及机理.结果表明:动力失效后,不但溢流效应会使飞机阻力系数增大;还会导致发动机进、排气特性较正常工作状态明显不同,恶化短舱附近流场,对飞机的升力、失速特性带来不利影响.     

叶片反扭对跨声速大涵道比风扇性能的影响

使用基于流固耦合算法的叶片反扭程序,考虑了非定常气动力对叶片变形的非线性作用,研究了叶片反扭对跨声速大涵道比风扇性能的影响.以冷态叶型为起点,先计算离心力作用下的叶片变形,在此基础上使用流固耦合程序获得非定常气动力作用下的变形.考察了3个转速下叶片的动态变形对大涵道比风扇气动性能的影响.结果表明:在跨声速工况下,叶片表面激波位置的变化对叶片反扭角有很大作用,在考察的转速范围内,堵塞点使用设计叶型计算的流量大于动态叶型下的流量,数值达7%,将导致发动机起飞推力小于预测值.结果表明在大涵道比风扇设计阶段,预测气动性能使用准确叶型的重要性.      

液化天然气作为航空燃料的发展趋势及特点分析

为研究液化天然气(LNG)作为航空燃料的可行性,对LNG的特点、发展趋势及作为航空燃料存在的问题进行了分析.采用了横向比较的方法,将LNG与新的航空替代燃料和传统航空燃料进行了比较和计算分析.结果表明:与新的航空替代燃料相比,LNG具有来源广泛、经济性好、发动机适应性强等优点.与传统航空燃料相比,LNG的储量大,可使用100年以上;可燃极限宽、污染物排放低,NOx排放仅为航空煤油的1/4;单位质量能量密度高、成本低,其燃料成本仅为航空汽油的一半,航空煤油的1/3;同时还具有可用于发动机高温部件冷却用的冷能,是一种极富潜力的航空燃料.指出在LNG作为航空燃料方面急需开展动力系统与飞机结构的匹配、燃料相态的有效转化及不同燃料在燃烧室内的反应特性等方面的研究工作.