我国月面巡视探测器定位方法研究

月球自动巡视勘查技术中的月面巡视探测器的导航控制,需要研究月面巡视探测器的定位技术。文章通过对国外漫游车定位方法的研究,提出了我国月面巡视探测器在全局坐标系和局部坐标系中进行定位的方法。月面巡视探测器在全局坐标系中的定位可以采用星敏感器以及陆标辨识的方式;局部坐标系的定位可以采用惯性导航系统 里程计以及着陆器帮助下定位和视觉里程计的定位方法。这几种定位方式的组合应用,能够满足月面巡视探测器导航方面的定位要求。     

Collision Risk Mitigation in Geostationary Orbit

The short- and long-term effects of spacecraft explosions, as a function of the end-of-life re-orbit altitude above the geostationary orbit (GEO), were analyzed in terms of their additional contribution to the debris flux in the GEO ring. The simulated debris clouds were propagated for 72yrs, taking into account all the relevant orbital perturbations.The results obtained show that 6–7 additional explosions in GEO would be sufficient, in the long term, to double the current collision risk with sizable objects in GEO. Unfortunately, even if spacecraft were to re-orbit between 300 and 500km above GEO, this would not significantly improve the situation. In fact, an altitude increase of at least 2000km would have to be adopted to reduce by one order of magnitude the long-term risk of collision among geostationary satellites and explosion fragments. The optimal debris mitigation strategy should be a compromise between the reliability and effectiveness of spacecraft end-of-life passivation, the re-orbit altitude and the acceptable debris background in the GEO ring. However, for as long as the re-orbit altitudes currently used are less than 500km above GEO, new spacecraft explosions must be avoided in order to preserve the geostationary environment over the long term.     

现代小卫星发展概述

为了区别早期发射的小型卫星，目前的小型卫星统称为现代小卫星。这种卫星在“沙漠惊雷”，“沙漠之狐”和北约空袭南联盟的战争中起到了异乎寻常的作用。简要分析了现代小卫星的概念、发展前提，发展趋势和模式等，并对发展小卫星提出了自己的见解。     

调频多工数据传输技术在交通诱导系统中的应用

针对我国智能型交通的现状,提出了基于调频多工数据传输技术的交通诱导系统。本文在分析研究RDS-TMC技术的基础上,设计了利用RDS技术传输实时交通信息的车载动态导航装置,并介绍了该装置的主要功能模块。在实验室条件下进行了测试,证明设计可行,运行可靠。     

基于MEMS的微槽冷却系统在微纳卫星热控中的应用

介绍了基于微机电一体化系统(MEMS)的微槽冷却系统的研究成果。分析了将微槽冷却系统用于微纳卫星热控设计时的特殊要求。讨论了表征微槽冷却系统性能的水力学系统和传热性能。理论分析和数值模拟结果表明,微槽冷却系统可使大热流密度的热源芯片温度维持在较低的范围内,能满足微纳卫星热控的要求。研究认为,压降和热阻均较小的深槽可在小泵功率时提供较优的传热性能。     

伴飞卫星自主相对导航衰减记忆滤波算法

为实现伴飞卫星的自主相对导航,基于C-W方程提出了一种在伴飞卫星轨道系中建立简化的相对运动方程构成星上轨道递推、根据导航敏感器输出进行量测更新的导航滤波器,并利用衰减记忆滤波算法抑制系统模型误差对相对导航结果的影响。仿真结果表明,该滤波算法可实现伴飞星的自主相对导航。它不仅较C-W方程更简单,而且适于模型不准确时的相对导航,工程实现易。     

星载合成孔径雷达回波多普勒频率的计算

从星载合成孔径雷达（ＳＡＲ）与目标的相对运动关系出发，以ＳＡＲ发射信号的波长、卫星的轨道参数和目标的位置（地心经纬度）为已知条件，导出了计算目标回小以的多普勒频率的解析公式，这对于星载ＳＡＲ系统的性能 初步设计具有重要作用。     

Rats in a transparent morris water maze use elemental and configural geometry of landmarks as well as distance to the pool wall

The aim of this study is to evaluate whatare the dimensions of a panorama of discretelandmarks that a rodent will store in order toreturn to a previously visited target. Ratswere trained to locate a hidden platform in acircular pool of clouded water set within aquasi-spherical enclosure. In order to find theplatform, they had to learn the geometricrelations between the platform and asurrounding set of three discrete landmarks,highly visible through the transparent wall ofthe pool. In test trials without a platform,the array of landmarks was so manipulated as todissociate the effect of actual distance to thelandmarks, of their angular separation, and oftheir apparent dimension. Animals were shown torely equally on angular separation and apparentdimension. The role of actual distance couldnot be definitely ascertained, as animals wereshown to additionally rely on the distance tothe pool wall in order to locate theplatform.     

利用地磁场测量的小卫星自主导航设计

地磁场矢量是卫星所在位置的函数 ,通过对地磁场的测量 ,即可实现对近地小卫星的自主导航。本文采用卡尔曼滤波技术设计了小卫星基于地磁场测量的导航方法 ,在采用地磁场模型时选取磁偶极子模型 ,以此使设计算法的计算量大大减少。最后利用数字仿真验证了系统性能。     

FY-2气象卫星在轨管理工程测控关键技术(上)

介绍了风云二号(FY—2)地球静止轨道自旋气象卫星工程测控的关键技术。分析了位置保持、姿态确定、星蚀和日凌的原理，给出了位置保持、姿态控制策略和地影、月影、日凌预报算法。并提出了一种检验定姿结果正确性的方法，提供了相应的工程计算参数。这些策略都已成功地用于FY—2卫星的在轨管理工程测控。