改进的宽频带微带天线的设计方法

 微带天线的窄带特性是限制其广泛应用的重要原因之一,如何展宽微带天线的带宽一直受到研究人员的关注.本文提出一种简单、实用、满足工程实际需要的宽频带微带天线的设计方法,实测表明,利用本文提出的设计方法所设计的L波段双层微带贴片天线,其阻抗带宽达到25.7%,在工作范围内增益大于8dB.同时,本文提出的设计方法对于多层贴片微带天线也是适用的.     

柱形等离子体电离阻抗测量与分析

表面波等离子体的研究由于实验数据的大量积累而得到快速发展.结合传输线阻抗匹配原理,设计实验对柱形表面波等离子体电离阻抗进行测量;参照金属辐射体中辐射阻抗与损耗阻抗的求解方法,在简化条件下理论计算柱形等离子体的电离阻抗,并与实验数据进行分析比对.研究表明,表面波激发柱形等离子体的电离阻抗对等离子体源产生效率的分析及等离子体参数的诊断有着重要作用.这种新型等离子体源的研究具有非常重要的意义.      

Irregular Satellites in the Context of Planet Formation

All four giant planets in the solar system possess irregular satellites, characterized by large, highly eccentric and/or highly inclined orbits. These bodies were likely captured from heliocentric orbit, probably in association with planet formation itself. Enabled by the use of large-format digital imagers on ground-based telescopes, new observational work has dramatically increased the known populations of irregular satellites, with 74 discoveries in the last few years. A new perspective on the irregular satellite systems is beginning to emerge.We find that the number of irregular satellites measured to a given diameter is approximately constant from planet to planet. This is surprising, given the radically different formation scenarios envisioned for the gas giants Jupiter and Saturn compared to the (much less massive and compositionally distinct) ice giants Uranus and Neptune. We discuss the new results on the irregular satellites and show how these objects might be used to discriminate amongst models of giant planet formation.     

Giant Planet Ionospheres and Thermospheres: The Importance of Ion-Neutral Coupling

Planetary upper atmospheres-coexisting thermospheres and ionospheres-form an important boundary between the planet itself and interplanetary space. The solar wind and radiation from the Sun may react with the upper atmosphere directly, as in the case of Venus. If the planet has a magnetic field, however, such interactions are mediated by the magnetosphere, as in the case of the Earth. All of the Solar System’s giant planets have magnetic fields of various strengths, and interactions with their space environments are thus mediated by their respective magnetospheres. This article concentrates on the consequences of magnetosphere-atmosphere interactions for the physical conditions of the thermosphere and ionosphere. In particular, we wish to highlight important new considerations concerning the energy balance in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter and Saturn, and the role that coupling between the ionosphere and thermosphere may play in establishing and regulating energy flows and temperatures there. This article also compares the auroral activity of Earth, Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus. The Earth’s behaviour is controlled, externally, by the solar wind. But Jupiter’s is determined by the co-rotation or otherwise of the equatorial plasmasheet, which is internal to the planet’s magnetosphere. Despite being rapid rotators, like Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus appear to have auroral emissions that are mainly under solar (wind) control. For Jupiter and Saturn, it is shown that Joule heating and “frictional” effects, due to ion-neutral coupling can produce large amounts of energy that may account for their high exospheric temperatures.     

光线示波器振子的选用

为了准确地测量记录各种被测信号，应当正确地选用振子的固有频率的阻尼，适当地选取被测信号大大小，保持信号源内阻Ｒｉ与振子的内阻ｒｇ相匹配，同时要正确地调整光点位置，以减小圆弧误差。     

可控制磁流变阻尼器的研究

磁流变液是一种新兴的智能材料,利用这种智能材料可以研制成一种新式阻尼器。文章推导出了磁流变阻尼器3种工作模式下的动态模型,设计和加工了一种混合式磁流变阻尼器,并对该磁流变阻尼器的性能进行了实验研究,测试结果和理论分析结果非常吻合,由此得到该理论模型是行之有效的。     

直流电源输出阻抗测量技术

直流电源输出阻抗是新的特性参数,一些电源产品开始把它列入技术指标手册中。本文分析了电源阻抗的定义,总结了电源阻抗的特点,综述了当前电源阻抗测量技术的现状,提出了基于数字电桥的一种测量方法,提出了直流电源阻抗测量中的技术难点和尚待解决的技术问题。     

有源集成背馈式接收天线设计

为了提高接收天线系统的增益以及灵敏度,对于天线与射频前端组成的接收系统采用了一种有源集成接收天线的设计方案,从而省略了传统设计中的有源电路与微带天线之间的匹配网络.依照此方案,设计并实现了一个背馈结构的矩形微带天线与前级低噪声放大器电路的有源集成.矩形微带天线的馈电点与低噪声放大器的输入端通过金属探针相连,当天线在2.48?GHz谐振时,通过选择合适的馈电点位置,天线产生放大器设计所需的输入阻抗.有源集成背馈式接收天线工作于S波段,最终的测试结果显示了其优良的特性.     

风扇后传声降噪声衬设计方法及实验验证

针对航空发动机风扇后传声降噪问题,开展了外涵道降噪声衬设计方法研究。将声衬设计过程分为两步,通过采用基于半经验声阻抗模型的声衬设计方法针对给定的声源频率进行初步设计,获得较优的声阻抗及相应的声衬几何参数。之后在初步设计结果的基础上,利用基于高精度计算气动声学的声传播计算软件对声阻抗进行优化,并得到最终的优化方案。为验证提出的设计方法,在全消声室内的风扇后传声降噪声衬测试台分别对初步设计声衬和优化声衬进行了实验验证。实验中采用扬声器模拟风扇声源,给定声源模态为(1,0),频率为3150Hz,内涵出口马赫数为0.8,外涵出口马赫数为0.6。结果表明:在给定的声源模态和频率下,初步设计的声衬可以取得10dB的降噪效果。优化设计的声衬相较于初步设计声衬,远场噪声可以再降低3~4dB。      

一种快速测试线缆终端共模阻抗的方法

航空电子设备之间的互联线缆是电磁干扰耦合的重要路径。对线缆耦合进行建模分析时,线缆终端共模阻抗是至关重要的输入参数。而航电系统线缆数量较多,提高线缆终端共模阻抗的测试效率,有利于快速建立线缆耦合模型。为此,提出了一种快速测试线缆终端共模阻抗的方法。首先,根据多导体传输线理论证明,在分析共模电流时可以将多芯线缆等效为一根单导体。进而,将线缆束等效为多导体传输线,并采用矢量网络分析仪和电流探头测量各条线缆2个任选位置处的电压反射系数。然后,基于所建立的多导体传输线模型,构造以终端阻抗为未知数的方程组。最后,采用数值迭代算法求解该方程组,得到各条线缆的终端共模阻抗。与现有方法相比,所提方法提高了测试效率和测试精度。