Why do speakers mix perspectives?

Although considerations of discourse coherence and cognitive processing suggest that communicators should adopt consistent perspectives when describing spatial scenes, in many cases they switch perspectives. Ongoing research examining cognitive costs indicates that these are small and exacted in establishing a mental model of a scene but not in retrieving information from a well-known scene. A perspective entails a point of view, a referent object, and terms of reference. These may change within a perspective, exacting cognitive costs, so that the costs of switching perspective may not be greater than the costs of maintaining the same perspective. Another project investigating perspective choice for self and other demonstrates effects of salience of referent object and ease of terms of reference. Perspective is mixed not just in verbal communications but also in pictorial ones, suggesting that at times, switching perspective is more effective than maintaining a consistent one.     

模糊综合评判在机械设计中的应用

着重分析了模糊综合评判的方法以及模糊综合评判中权重和隶属度的确定，以滚动轴承为例进行了说明。     

燃气轮机气路测量参数的模糊智能选择

针对燃气轮机气路性能的监测诊断需求,基于气路小偏差分析得到的影响系数矩阵,首先从测量参数选择的相关性要求出发,应用模糊聚类分析方法得到了要求数目的目标聚类;进一步从参数选择的敏感性等要求出发,通过模糊综合评价方法从多元素聚类中筛选出了各自的代表测量参数,从而实现了燃气轮机气路测量参数的模糊智能选择.实例表明:利用模糊聚类分析方法可直接实现测量参数的相关性选择,并可以方便可靠地根据目标要求选择合理的测量参数组合,利用模糊综合评价方法的测量参数的敏感性选择更为有效可靠.     

基于模糊分数阶PI~λD~μ的柔性结构振动主动控制

为防止翅翼结构因干扰而产生振颤,以柔性悬臂梁结构为被控对象,提出一种参数自整定的分数阶比例积分微分控制器,在利用遗传算法取得优化参数后,通过模糊规则第2次对控制器参数进行在线整定,以达到实时最优控制的目的.在Simulink软件环境下进行了数值仿真,结果表明:设计的分数阶比例积分微分控制器具有记忆性,动态表征能力强.与常规比例积分微分控制器相比,冲击激励下的系统响应稳态时间缩短0.9s;简谐激励下的系统响应衰减幅度从88%提升到96%;随机激励下系统响应抖动减小,提高了稳定性.     

无刷直流电机网络伺服控制技术研究

针对直流电机网络控制的问题,考虑反馈通道和前向通道均存在延时的状况,设计了直流电机网络伺服控制器。该控制器采用基于模糊自适应调节的广义预测控制算法。模糊自适应调节方法对广义预测控制算法的输出进行调节,从而克服系统参数的不确定性对控制性能的影响。仿真实验结果表明该控制方案能够减小网络延时对系统控制特性的影响,改善系统的动态特性。     

Backstepping design of missile guidance and control based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control

This paper presents an integrated missile guidance and control law based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control. The integrated model is formulated as a block-strict-feedback nonlinear system, in which modeling errors, unmodeled nonlinearities, target maneuvers, etc. are viewed as unknown uncertainties. The adaptive nonlinear control law is designed based on backstepping and sliding mode control techniques. An adaptive fuzzy system is adopted to approximate the coupling nonlinear functions of the system, and for the uncertainties, we utilize an online-adaptive control law to estimate the unknown parameters. The stability analysis of the closed-loop system is also conducted. Simulation results show that, with the application of the adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control, small miss distances and smooth missile trajectories are achieved, and the system is robust against system uncertainties and external disturbances.     

Application of time-variable process noise in terrestrial reference frames determined from VLBI data

In recent years, Kalman filtering has emerged as a suitable technique to determine terrestrial reference frames (TRFs), a prime example being JTRF2014. The time series approach allows variations of station coordinates that are neither reduced by observational corrections nor considered in the functional model to be taken into account. These variations are primarily due to non-tidal geophysical loading effects that are not reduced according to the current IERS Conventions (2010). It is standard practice that the process noise models applied in Kalman filter TRF solutions are derived from time series of loading displacements and account for station dependent differences. So far, it has been assumed that the parameters of these process noise models are constant over time. However, due to the presence of seasonal and irregular variations, this assumption does not truly reflect reality. In this study, we derive a station coordinate process noise model allowing for such temporal variations. This process noise model and one that is a parameterized version of the former are applied in the computation of TRF solutions based on very long baseline interferometry data. In comparison with a solution based on a constant process noise model, we find that the station coordinates are affected at the millimeter level.     

参照法在某型雷达整机故障排除中的应用

某型着陆雷达Ⅱ路工作状态下出现回波弱故障,运用参照法分析了故障原因,进行了故障定位和排除,最后对排故过程进行了经验总结。     

某型军教机发动机停车故障分析与诊断

针对某型军教机从装备部队以来多次出现的发动机停车故障，采用模糊决策方法进行诊断，客观、科学地建立了模糊诊断矩阵，为该型军教机发动机停车故障的快速诊断和维修提供了一种科学且行之有效的决策方法。     

一种基于模糊聚类模型的动量轮健康性排序方法

基于模糊聚类分析提出一种动量轮健康性排序方法，选取实际型号任务中50N·m·s动量轮的地面测试数据与在轨数据，对数据处理后，研究闭环工况动量轮动态转速的电机电流，利用相关系数法将其转换为模糊相似矩阵，聚类分析动量轮健康性最大阈值；同时以最大阈值为标准，设计判断准则，用4个动量轮的数据验证该方法的实用性并与峭度试验方法进行对比。结果表明：该方法可以准确对动量轮健康性进行排序。