装备科研项目后评价指标体系及模型

为客观、科学地进行装备科研项目后评价提供理论分析和实践依据,在分析装备科研项目后评价特点的基础上,建立了装备科研项目后评价指标体系,确定了指标的权重,并采用多层次模糊综合评价法建立了装备科研项目后评价模型.(上接第713页)     

Prospects in the orbital and rotational dynamics of the Moon with the advent of sub-centimeter lunar laser ranging

Lunar laser ranging (LLR) measurements are crucial for advanced exploration of the laws of fundamental gravitational physics and geophysics as well as for future human and robotic missions to the Moon. The corner-cube reflectors (CCR) currently on the Moon require no power and still work perfectly since their installation during the project Apollo era. Current LLR technology allows us to measure distances to the Moon with a precision approaching 1 mm. As NASA pursues the vision of taking humans back to the Moon, new, more precise laser ranging applications will be demanded, including continuous tracking from more sites on Earth, placing new CCR arrays on the Moon, and possibly installing other devices such as transponders, etc. for multiple scientific and technical purposes. Since this effort involves humans in space, then in all situations the accuracy, fidelity, and robustness of the measurements, their adequate interpretation, and any products based on them, are of utmost importance. Successful achievement of this goal strongly demands further significant improvement of the theoretical model of the orbital and rotational dynamics of the Earth–Moon system. This model should inevitably be based on the theory of general relativity, fully incorporate the relevant geophysical processes, lunar librations, tides, and should rely upon the most recent standards and recommendations of the IAU for data analysis. This paper discusses methods and problems in developing such a mathematical model. The model will take into account all the classical and relativistic effects in the orbital and rotational motion of the Moon and Earth at the sub-centimeter level. The model is supposed to be implemented as a part of the computer code underlying NASA Goddard’s orbital analysis and geophysical parameter estimation package GEODYN and the ephemeris package PMOE 2003 of the Purple Mountain Observatory. The new model will allow us to navigate a spacecraft precisely to a location on the Moon. It will also greatly improve our understanding of the structure of the lunar interior and the nature of the physical interaction at the core–mantle interface layer. The new theory and upcoming millimeter LLR will give us the means to perform one of the most precise fundamental tests of general relativity in the solar system.     

基于模糊神经网络的软件可靠性早期预计方法

在基于模糊神经网络的基础上,提出了一种新的软件可靠性早期预计方法.通过分析软件缺陷产生的原因,给出了导致软件缺陷产生的因素.同时,深入讨论了软件可靠性早期预计的建模方法.在此基础上,利用模糊神经网络建立了软件可靠性早期预计的模型,并且给出了具体的步骤.      

飞机防滑刹车系统的最佳滑移率式控制方法研究

在分析滑移率控制式飞机防滑刹车系统的工作原理基础上,提出了一种基于最佳滑移率式的飞机防滑刹车系统的模糊控制方法。以某型飞机为例,将该方法在MATLAB环境下进行了数字仿真。结果说明:模糊控制方法能够达到较好的刹车控制效果,并具有较强的鲁棒性;采用基于滑移率式的模糊控制算法可以大大地提高飞机防滑刹车效率,特别是在跑道积雪情况下的刹车性能提高显著。     

基于模糊卡尔曼滤波的内阻尼姿态算法研究

在系统机动性不强的情况下，传统的平台内阻尼算法将系统本身的速度信息通过阻尼网络加到系统中，达到提高姿态角精度的目的。将这种平台内阻尼的思想引入到捷联惯性航姿系统中，在系统加速度较小的情况下，利用加速度计的输出估计系统姿态角，通过卡尔曼滤波的形式补偿系统姿态误差。由于加速度的大小直接影响滤波器精度，本文设计了模糊自适应卡尔曼滤波算法，根据三轴加速度计的输出调整内阻尼量测误差方差阵，从而避免了滤波器的发散。仿真和实验验证，内阻尼算法可明显抑制舒勒周期振荡和傅科周期振荡，避免了系统姿态漂移，有效提高了捷联惯性航姿系统的精度。     

Inner Attitude Integration Algorithm Based on Fault Detection for Strapdown Inertial Attitude and Heading Reference System

This article proposes a new inner attitude integration algorithm to improve attitude accuracy of the strapdown inertial attitude and heading reference system(SIAHRS), which, by means of a Kalman filter, integrates the calculated attitude from the accelerometers in inertial measuring unit(IMU), called damping attitudes, with those from the conventional IMU. As vehicle's acceleration could produce damping attitude errors, the horizontal outputs from accelerometers are firstly used to judge the vehicle's motion so as to determine whether the damping attitudes could be reasonably applied. This article also analyzes the limitation of this approach. Furthermore, it suggests a residual chi-square test to judge the validity of damping attitude measurement in real time, and accordingly puts forward proper information fusion strategy. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is proved through the experiments on a real system in dynamic and static states.     

飞行器自适应控制参考模型建立方法研究

针对模型参考自适应控制中参考模型的建立问题,探讨了三种模型设计方法:经典控制设计、最优化控制设计和利用Wonham可控标准型设计,并通过仿真算例比较了三种方法在飞行品质、飞机特性、匹配性和算法性能上的优劣,为模型参考自适应控制系统中参考模型的建立提供了理论依据.     

基于模糊聚类分析的电力客户信用评价算法

通过对模糊聚类算法的分析，针对电力客户信用分类的特征，提出了基于模糊聚类分析的电力客户信用评价算法。得到了不同客户群的聚类中心以及客户的隶属度矩阵，为客户群的特征分析提供了量化依据。试验对比结果表明，本文方法得到了满意的客户聚类及分类结果。     

基于XDPS-400的汽包水位控制系统

结合小型热电厂给水系统设备的实际情况和动态特性,以控制理论与计算机技术为基础,利用新华控制公司XDPS-400为控制核心,采用模糊控制策略设计水位控制系统,使机组能够安全经济运行.     

基于模糊理论的直升机驾驶舱人机工效综合评价研究

影响驾驶舱人机工效的因素非常多，交联关系复杂，在对其进行综合评价时，必须考虑系统因素内在的模糊性、评价指标与原则定义上的模糊性以及评价专家认识上的模糊性。探讨应用模糊综合评价的方法进行驾驶舱人机工效评价，给出了应用模糊综合评价法进行人机工效评价的一般过程和处理方式，并用典型事例进行验证。