我国货币政策调控功能缘何日益弱化

货币政策具有重要的金融宏观调控功能,但以商业银行体系对中央银行的资金依赖为前提。当前我国商业银行体系流动性过剩,货币政策的金融宏观调控功能已大打折扣。流动性过剩是长期历史趋势,货币政策的金融宏观调控功能已处于从“强有力”向“无能为力”的转化过程之中。货币政策要有效发挥金融宏观调控功能,必须改善货币政策赖以发挥作用的经济环境。     

Experimental investigation of flow and distortion mitigation by mechanical vortex generators in a coupled serpentine inlet-turbofan engine system

The performance of compact, aggressive ducts in advanced propulsion systems is limited by the internal flow separation coupled with the formation of secondary counter-rotating vortices that give rise to intensive flow distortions at the duct exit. An experimental investigation was conducted to study the flow field and passive suppression of flow separation and Aerodynamic Interface Plane (AIP) distortion in a serpentine air inlet duct. Tests were performed by a turbofan engine at several Engine Operating Points (EOPs) from 56% (idle) to 100% (max). A large total pressure deficit region arose at the upper part of the AIP, which was associated with the upper surface flow separation. Using the new mechanical S-type vortex generators in two longitudinal positions (VG1 and VG2), separation and loss were diminished at the upper part of the duct and AIP. The VG2 arrangement attained the maximum reductions in distortion coefficients which were 73.72%, 60.7% and 37.8% in DC(90°), DC(60°) and ΔP_C/P metrics, respectively. In the next step of the study, some unsteady aspects of the flow field were analyzed inside the duct. The separation onset and reattachment points were determined by the standard deviation of static pressure on the upper surface. The AIP spectral distribution showed that the boundary of low pressure and high pressure recovery regions was dominated by the maximum fluctuations. Furthermore, the PSD diagram of several probes at AIP revealed the vortex shedding frequency and its higher harmonics at separation region. The energy content of distinct unsteady spectral features in the bare configuration was significantly reduced using VGs, which showed the improvement of flow at the duct exit.     

全状态受限的高超声速飞行器的预定性能滤波反步控制

针对气动参数不确定和状态受限的高超声速飞行器的稳定跟踪控制问题，提出基于固定时间干扰观测器的预定性能滤波反步控制策略。首先，在反步控制的每一步中引入障碍Lyapunov函数，保证系统状态满足预先设定的约束要求。其次，设计固定时间干扰观测器对综合不确定进行估计；同时，构造新型的一阶滤波器避免传统反步控制的"计算爆炸"问题。再次，基于Lyapunov稳定性理论证明输出跟踪误差有界且状态满足约束要求。最后，通过对比仿真验证控制策略的有效性。     

非营利组织的管理：香港的启示

由于政府失灵和市场失灵的存在，社会的良好运行不仅需要政府和企业，还需要大量第三部门的存在。长期以来，我国的非营利组织是由国家出资成立并负责日常管理的，但是这并不符合现代政府职能的发展要求，在改革过程中由政府管理的非营利组织不仅成为政府的负担，同时也与其自身发展需要不符。因此政府如何将原先由其管理的非营利组织交给社会并促其健康成长是非常重要的。中国香港由法定程序所设立机构的日常运行模式是目前可资借鉴的改革方向之一。     

用输入数据符号加权减小MSK信号的带外功率

由于最小频移键控信号具有较为理想的功率谱特性，近年来已得到广泛关注，但在某些场拾它的带外能量泄漏不能满足实际需要。在此情况下可以对输入数据符号进行加权处理，从而得到一类ＭＳＫ信号这类ＭＳＫ信号仍为等幅波，相位仍保持连续。本文给出了这类信号功率谱的计算公式以及加权函数和功率谱的关系，并给出实例。     

一种控制微涡轮叶尖泄漏流的新技术(英文)

提出了一种逆向涡流发生器控制叶尖泄漏流的新技术,利用压力面和叶顶面的压力差将气流从压力面引入,在叶顶面逆着叶尖泄漏流方向高速射出从而控制和减小叶尖泄漏流。对某典型毫米尺度涡轮叶栅进行了有/无逆向涡流发生器流场的数值研究,分析了逆向涡流发生器对流场及叶栅性能的影响。结果表明在典型进口条件下,逆向涡流发生器使得叶尖间隙泄漏流量降低了2.8%,周向载荷升高了7.7%;与无逆向涡流器情形相比,有逆向涡流器时涡轮效率提高了约1.2%。     

三元二次样条函数及其计算（Ⅰ）——高维数据拟合

半节点二次样条是Ｃ１类连续的，其二阶导函数是阶梯函数，在半节点处产生跳跃。鉴于此，本文利用最小二乘法，获得了一种半节点二次插值样条边界条件确定方法，该方法可以保证二次插值样条在半节点处二阶导数的变化最小，这相当于保证了曲率的变化最小。为了适应四维数据插值的需要，给出了三元二次插值样条的定义及基样条表示，提出了一种边界条件，证明了其存在唯一性。最后把二次插值样条边界条件确定方法推广到三元二次插值样条上去，获得了三元二次插值样条边界条件的确定方法。该方法的意义是，可以直接从插值条件获得边界条件，从而克服了多元样条边界条件难以确定的困难     

Shimmy analysis of a simple aircraft nose landing gear model using different mathematical methods

Shimmy oscillations are still a problem in design and operation of aircraft landing gears, and accurate and appropriate analysis is required to master the task. Based on a nonlinear model of the mechanics of the landing gear and tire elasticity according to elastic string theory, some well known linear and nonlinear mathematical methods are applied to the shimmy analysis of a simple model of a nose gear: Computing eigenvalues, solving analytically the stability boundaries with a parameter space method, getting limit cycles by analytical formulae from describing functions, and last but not least numerical simulation of time histories. It seems that linear or quasi linear methods and analytical solutions are well suited to obtain extensive insight, respecting limitations of these methods. Numerical simulation on the other hand is a valuable tool for pointing out specific effects of a nonlinear system in large amplitude regions.     

PROPAGATION CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIRCULAR MULTILAYER CHIRAL DIELECTRIC WAVEGUIDE

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