我国航空运输需求价格弹性测算

根据经济学理论,同时结合我国航空运输的特点,通过引入我国GDP和我国航空运输每运输吨公里收入两个变量,利用线性回归分析的方法建立了我国航空运输需求函数,并根据需求函数绘制了我国航空运输需求曲线,然后根据需求函数和需求曲线测算了我国航空运输需求价格弹性值。最后,对本研究需要改进的方面进行了分析和总结。     

喷射成形过程雾化熔滴质量流率空间分布的研究

喷射成形是材料领域新出现的高新科学技术。本文研究了喷射成形雾化熔滴射流质量流率和沉积速率的分布规律，建立了它的空间分布函数。结果表明随着雾化压力的增加和沉积距离减小，雾化喷射流变得更集中。     

Blank Panel Design of Integral Wing Skin Panels Based on Feature Mapping Methods

A blank panel design algorithm based on feature mapping methods for integral wing skin panels with supercritical airfoil surface is presented.The model of a wing panel is decomposed into features,and features of the panel are decomposed into information of location,direction,dimension and Boolean types.Features are mapped into the plane through optimal surface development algorithm.The plane panel is modeled by rebuilding the mapped features.Blanks of shot-peen forming panels are designed to identify the effectiveness of the methods.     

SETI implications of gravitational assist via chaotic trajectories of binary objects

Extrapolating from the technique of gravitational assist via chaotic trajectories of binary objects, this paper considers how such techniques might be used in other systems. We examine which types of systems are the best candidates for harvesting gravitational energy for payload ejection. We also consider what signatures might be present in either the asteroid orbits or radiation of the central body if extraterrestrial intelligences were to use such techniques about these candidate systems.The simulation studies show that current technology cannot approach the sensitivity needed to detect either of these signals. Instead, we provide these results as guidance to studies in coming decades on patterns that may indicate the use of an asteroid ejection system.     

Impact of local and global factors and meteorological parameters in temporal variation of atmospheric potential gradient

In this research work, we have performed comparative diurnal variations of atmospheric Potential Gradient (PG) of fair-weather days by using the data of three stations installed in Northern, Pakistan for the year 2018. We investigated the impact of both local and global factors and meteorological parameters in the diurnal variation of atmospheric Potential Gradient on the annual and seasonal time scale. We observed two peaks, primary and secondary. This is because of the land-based measurements of annual and seasonal variations. The annual average curve of Potential Gradient of all three stations: Islamabad (CES), Muzaffarabad (MZF), and Balakot (BKT) demonstrated a notable deviation from the standard oceanic Carnegie curve. The atmospheric Potential Gradient variations are due to numerous meteorological factors e.g., air pollution, humidity, aerosol particles, fog, and temperature. Among three stations, the MZF station is located in highland (mountainous) and it demonstrated a higher atmospheric Potential Gradient. We further differentiate the results of our three stations with global results for authenticity and observed coherence between them. In addition, a positive correlation of fair-weather Potential Gradient is observed with temperature and a notable correlation between relative humidity and atmospheric Potential Gradient for all the three observatories.     

Spatial modeling of flood probability using geo-environmental variables and machine learning models,case study: Tajan watershed,Iran

The main objective of this study was to produce flood susceptibility maps for Tajan watershed, Sari, Iran using three machine learning (ML) models including Self-Organization Map (SOM), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN), and Multi-layers Perceptron (MLP). To reach such a goal, different physical-geographical factors (criteria) were integrated and mapped. 212 flood inventory map was randomly divided into training and testing datasets, where 148 flood locations (70%) were used for training and the remaining 64 locations (30%) were employed for testing. Model validation was performed using several statistical indices and the area under the curve (AUC). The results of the correlation matrix showed, three factors slope (0.277), distance from river (0.263), and altitude (0.223) were the most important factors affecting flood. The accuracy evaluation of the flood susceptibility maps through the AUC method and K-index shows that in the validation phase RBFNN (AUC = 0.90) outperform the MLP (AUC = 0.839) and SOM (AUC = 0.882) models. The highest percentage flood susceptibility of the area in MLP, SOM and RBFNN models is related to moderate (28.7%), very low (40%) and low (37%), respectively. Also, the validation results of the models using the Relative Flood Density (RFD) approach showed that very high class had the highest RFD value.     

直升机金属结构缺陷容限验证技术研究

直升机结构的缺陷容限验证在FAR／CCAR27／29．571条适航条款中有明确的要求。文章提出了全尺寸结构缺陷容限验证思路，对验证的各个环节，包含缺陷的类型及参数、缺陷容限特性曲线基本参数及安全系数、真实缺陷下载荷或应力的修正、结构的缺陷容限性能、检查周期的确定等进行了探讨，为开展直升机结构缺陷容限验证工作提供了技术支持。     

Dependence of creep age formability on initial temper of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy

The initial temper of the material may directly affect the whole creep age forming(CAF)process. In terms of creep deformation and stress relaxation, using the constant-stress creep aging and constant-strain stress relaxation aging tests, the relationship between initial temper and CAF formability is investigated for an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy at 165 °C for 18 h. Three tempers are selected as the initial tempers in CAF, viz., solution, retrogression and re-solution. The CAF formability of this alloy with initial temper of retrogression is the best, and the creep strain of the retrogression tempered specimen after creep aging of 18 h is about 1.21 and 1.34 times than that of the solution and the re-solution tempered specimens, respectively. The calculated stress exponents of this alloy with three initial tempers range from 7.3 to 9.5, indicating that the CAF of this alloy is mainly controlled by the dislocation creep. The various formability for three initial tempers are attributed to different inhibitions of the transgranular precipitates on the dislocation movement. For the retrogression temper, the initial fine and uniformly distributed precipitates are seriously coarsened after6 h of CAF, which minimally inhibit the dislocation movement. While, for the re-solution temper,the fine precipitates are re-precipitated in the matrix of the alloy, which observably hinder the dislocation movement and lead to the worst formability.     

关于飞机结构疲劳载荷谱低载截除水平选取的探讨

低载截除作为飞机结构疲劳载荷谱简化的重要内容之一，可以大幅节省疲劳试验的时间与成本，然而目前对于低载截除水平的选取尚无公认的标准方法。本文对文献中已有的低载截除水平进行广泛地搜集，将低载截除水平划分为基于材料疲劳极限与基于谱最大载荷的两种选取方式，探究两种选取方式之间的联系，建立低载截除水平关系模型。结果表明：两种低载截除水平选取方式本质上是一致的，基于谱最大载荷的选取方式结合了飞机载荷与结构材料的特点，是对基于材料疲劳极限选取方式的延伸，所建立的低载截除水平关系模型能够为实际工程中疲劳载荷谱简化时低载截除水平的确定提供参考。     

等效载荷的Haigh修正方法

本文在不同材料疲劳试验结果的基础上,分析了不同材料的平均载荷对疲劳交变载荷的影响,其等效载荷的修正呈现出不同的曲线线性.文中通过引入Haigh系数,统一了等寿命曲线分析中等效载荷的Goodman/Soderberg/Gerber修正方法,并给出不同材料平均载荷对等效载荷影响的修正曲线的系数.