飞翼无人机侧风着陆控制方法研究

针对飞翼无人机的特性,利用侧航法和侧滑法设计了侧风着陆控制系统,仿真了系统抗侧风干扰的能力并进行了对比分析.仿真结果表明:两种设计方法都达到了预期的设计目标,但使用侧航法具有更好的控制效果.     

飞针在线测试技术在电子模块测试中的应用

重点讨论了飞针在线测试技术在电子模块测试中的应用,并分别介绍了模拟器件和数字器件的测试方法。此技术能测试被测电子模块上各器件之间的物理连接,能测试模拟器件的值,同时也能测试数字器件的逻辑关系。此技术采用了基于PC机软件编程方法,使得测试程序化,并采用隔离技术将被测器件分离,提高测试精确度。灵活的软件编写也使得调试方式多样化。飞针测技术的使用能准确定位故障点,缩短调试周期,对小批量生产的电子模块调试有重要作用。     

Spacecraft formation flying for Earth-crossing object deflections using a power limited laser ablating

A formation flying strategy with an Earth-crossing object (ECO) is proposed to avoid the Earth collision. Assuming that a future conceptual spacecraft equipped with a powerful laser ablation tool already rendezvoused with a fictitious Earth collision object, the optimal required laser operating duration and direction histories are accurately derived to miss the Earth. Based on these results, the concept of formation flying between the object and the spacecraft is applied and analyzed as to establish the spacecraft’s orbital motion design strategy. A fictitious “Apophis”-like object is established to impact with the Earth and two major deflection scenarios are designed and analyzed. These scenarios include the cases for the both short and long laser operating duration to avoid the Earth impact. Also, requirement of onboard laser tool’s for both cases are discussed. As a result, the optimal initial conditions for the spacecraft to maintain its relative trajectory to the object are discovered. Additionally, the discovered optimal initial conditions also satisfied the optimal required laser operating conditions with no additional spacecraft’s own fuel expenditure to achieve the spacecraft formation flying with the ECO. The initial conditions founded in the current research can be used as a spacecraft’s initial rendezvous points with the ECO when designing the future deflection missions with laser ablation tools. The results with proposed strategy are expected to make more advances in the fields of the conceptual studies, especially for the future deflection missions using powerful laser ablation tools.     

小展弦比飞翼战机滚转轴操纵效能需求特性

基于MIL-STD-1797A中关于Ⅳ类飞机的飞行品质规范,对小展弦比飞翼战机的滚转轴操纵效能进行了研究.建立了滚转性能要求和滚转操纵效能要求之间的关系,由于翼身融为一体,飞翼的滚转轴转动惯量通常比常规战斗机大很多,因此其对滚转轴操纵效能的需求更大;由于取消了垂尾,小展弦比飞翼的横向静稳定性较小,操纵面偏转产生的侧力也较小;由于采用多组新型操纵面及控制分配技术,飞翼战机可以实现三轴操纵解耦;因此在侧风起降、非对称装载情形下,与常规飞机相比,小展弦比飞翼战机对滚转轴操纵效能的需求具有诸多新特点.     

纵向大迎角飞行品质对参数的灵敏度分析

采用等效系统,频域,时域等多种飞行品质评价方法和准则。根据数据计算结果分析了放宽带稳定的电传操纵飞机从小迎角到失速前大迎角纵短周期飞行品质对于气动及惯性参数变化的灵敏度。结果表明,飞行品质对操纵导数及惯矩的变化最灵敏,对升力线斜率变化呈一定的灵敏度,而对其它参数变化则不太灵敏,灵敏度具有体量值测随角而不同。     

直升机多模态控制律的全飞行包线设计

根据直升机飞行模态的特点,提出了一种的内／外回路控制结构,将不同飞行模态通过内／外回路结构有机地联系起来,不仅简化了直升机多模态控制律的设计,还简化了模态转换的控制器结构。最后,用这种结构将直升机多模态控制律的全飞行包线设计分解为内回路的控制器切换和外回路的模态转换,设计思路避免了传统的增益调参。     

适航性条例、飞行品质规范和设计准则

阐述了世界各国民用飞机适航性条例概况。分析对比了美国、英国、俄罗斯等国适航性条例的内在联系和差异,探讨了民机设计过程中综合应用民机适航条例、军机飞行品质规范和某些特定的设计准则的原则以僦新一代民机设计中可能出现的一些飞行品质问题。指出：我国新一代民机的设计,应满足ＣＣＡＲ的各项要求,参考军用飞机飞行品质规范,并借鉴世界各航空公司制订的设计准则,以逐步形成我国自己的民机飞机品质设计要求。     

Long term and safe relative orbit design for heterogeneous spacecraft clusters

The problem of obtaining long term relative orbit configurations for spacecraft clusters with realistic operational considerations such as safety, station keeping and inter-spacecraft distances is addressed. Two different approaches are developed for station keeping and safety objectives. In the first approach, relative orbit configurations, or relative TLEs, are found minimizing deviations from reference mean orbit which would maximize the station-keeping objective. In second one, relative configurations are found from a reference initial condition by minimizing probability of collision, hence maximizing the safety objective, between the spacecraft in the cluster which are propagated numerically through a high precision orbit propagator. For the design optimization, a derivative free algorithm is proposed. Effectiveness of the approaches is demonstrated through simulations. Using this design framework, several configurations can be found by exploring the limits of the clusters in terms of spacecraft number, distance bounds and probabilities of collision for long time intervals.     

LISA: Heliocentric formation design for the laser interferometer space antenna mission

The LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) mission has been selected by the European Space Agency’s Science Programme Committee as the third large-class mission of the Cosmic Vision Programme, addressing the science theme of the Gravitational Universe. With a planned launch date in 2034, LISA will be the first ever space-borne Gravitational Wave observatory, relying on laser interferometry between three spacecraft orbiting the Sun in a triangular formation. Airbus is currently leading an industrial Phase A system study on behalf of the European Space Agency. The paper will address the astrodynamics challenges associated with the LISA constellation design, driven by tight requirements on the geometric quality metrics of the near equilateral formation.     

Energy-optimal reconfiguration of satellite formation flying in the presence of uncertainties

In this study, a two-step control methodology is developed for energy-optimal reconfiguration of satellites in formation in the presence of uncertainties or external disturbances. First, based on a linear deterministic system model, an optimal control law is analytically determined such that a satellite maneuvers from an initial state to a final state relative to another satellite. The structure of this optimal solution is predetermined and simply given by a linear combination of the fundamental matrix solutions associated with the original equations of relative motion. Only the coefficients are to be determined to satisfy given initial and final conditions. In the second step, an uncertain nonlinear formation system is considered and a robust adaptive controller is designed to compensate for the effects of uncertainties or disturbances that the formation system may encounter. Although the control strategy is inspired by sliding mode control, it produces smooth control signals, thereby avoiding chattering. Also, an adaptation law is added such that the uncertainty or disturbance effects are effectively and quickly eliminated without a priori information about them. The combination of these two controllers guarantees that the satellite accurately tracks the optimal path in the unknown environment. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed two-step control methodology, in which a satellite formation is optimally reconfigured under unknown environmental disturbances.