考虑避免碰撞的编队卫星自适应协同控制

基于势函数法研究具有模型不确定性的编队飞行卫星避免碰撞的自适应协同控制.势函数法的思想为设计碰撞区域势函数值较大,所设计的控制律使得系统势函数具有减小的趋势,从而实现避免碰撞的编队飞行任务.首先,在无外部参考轨迹的情况下,通过引入避免碰撞势函数,提出一种自适应协同控制器,编队卫星最终实现速度一致和避免碰撞.进一步,考虑已知外部参考轨迹的情形,基于新的势函数方法,设计新的自适应协同控制器,能够同时实现避免碰撞、速度一致、卫星跟踪参考轨迹的目的.对于所提出的两种控制方法,均通过合理地应用Lyapunov稳定性理论分析了闭环系统的稳定性.仿真结果表明了所设计控制方法的有效性.     

基于网络同步的航天器编队飞行姿态控制方法

航天器编队飞行需要协同控制系统进行统一的协调管理,以实现协同工作。文章将网络同步控制理论应用于航天器编队飞行姿态控制,以提高航天器编队飞行姿态控制的协同性。首先,采用修正的罗德里格斯参数描述航天器姿态动力学;然后,基于网络同步控制算法,设计航天器编队飞行的非线性姿态协同控制律;考虑成员航天器间姿态变化的差异,采用混合控制技术,设计航天器编队飞行混合控制策略。仿真结果验证了控制方法和控制律的有效性,并且相比单一反馈机制,混合控制具有更好的控制品质。     

飞翼布局舵面连接的气动弹性建模与计算

以一种高机动飞翼布局为背景,建立全机的三维有限元模型,模拟飞机的真实结构,并与空气动力模型耦合插值,进行气动弹性的仿真分析。针对此翼面上有升降舵的多舵面布局,建立了俯仰运动下不同于翼面上只有副翼的动力学模型。主要研究了在舵面连接的局部建模中,因连接方式不同导致舵面支撑刚度和操纵刚度的不一致而对舵面操纵效率造成的影响。根据舵面悬挂点与摇臂操纵形式的不同,提出了四种连接方式的局部模型。通过相应的四个模型在同一飞行状态下的仿真计算与结果分析,总结出了舵面连接方式建模的变化规律,得出的结论为类似飞机的舵面连接及结构设计提供了参考。     

控制器非线性对飞机纵向飞行品质的影响分析

针对飞机控制系统执行机构具有非线性这一特点,选用某歼击机作为研究对象,分析各类非线性环节对飞机纵向短周期特性的影响。首先分析了死区、间隙和速率饱和等非线性环节的基本特性,建立了相应的包含非线性环节的飞行动力学模型,然后,基于Chalk准则计算不同非线性参数下的飞行品质指标,进行飞行品质评价。通过对不同飞控系统构型的对比研究,探讨了执行机构非线性对飞行品质的影响。研究结果表明,各非线性环节都将对系统的快速性产生不利影响,使系统有效上升时间增加,相位延迟增加。其中,间隙还会造成系统阻尼减小,可导致系统不稳并出现极限环振荡。     

Coordinated attitude control for flexible spacecraft formation with actuator configuration misalignment

This paper investigates the coordinated attitude control problem for flexible spacecraft formation with the consideration of actuator configuration misalignment. First, an integral-type sliding mode adaptive control law is designed to compensate the effects of flexible mode, environmental disturbance and actuator installation deviation. The basic idea of the Integral-type Sliding Mode Control (ISMC) is to design a proper sliding manifold so that the sliding mode starts from the initial time instant, and thus the robustness of the system can be guaranteed from the beginning of the process and the reaching phase is eliminated. Then, considering the nominal system of spacecraft formation based on directed topology, an attitude cooperative control strategy is developed for the nominal system with or without communication delay. The proposed control law can guarantee that for each spacecraft in the spacecraft formation, the desired attitude objective can be achieved and the attitude synchronization can be maintained with other spacecraft in the formation. Finally, simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.     

Optimal spacecraft formation establishment and reconfiguration propelled by the geomagnetic Lorentz force

The Lorentz force acting on an electrostatically charged spacecraft as it moves through the planetary magnetic field could be utilized as propellantless electromagnetic propulsion for orbital maneuvering, such as spacecraft formation establishment and formation reconfiguration. By assuming that the Earth’s magnetic field could be modeled as a tilted dipole located at the center of Earth that corotates with Earth, a dynamical model that describes the relative orbital motion of Lorentz spacecraft is developed. Based on the proposed dynamical model, the energy-optimal open-loop trajectories of control inputs, namely, the required specific charges of Lorentz spacecraft, for Lorentz-propelled spacecraft formation establishment or reconfiguration problems with both fixed and free final conditions constraints are derived via Gauss pseudospectral method. The effect of the magnetic dipole tilt angle on the optimal control inputs and the relative transfer trajectories for formation establishment or reconfiguration is also investigated by comparisons with the results derived from a nontilted dipole model. Furthermore, a closed-loop integral sliding mode controller is designed to guarantee the trajectory tracking in the presence of external disturbances and modeling errors. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by a Lyapunov-based approach. Numerical simulations are presented to verify the validity of the proposed open-loop control methods and demonstrate the performance of the closed-loop controller. Also, the results indicate the dipole tilt angle should be considered when designing control strategies for Lorentz-propelled spacecraft formation establishment or reconfiguration.     

欧拉角在飞行航迹仿真中的应用

在考虑地球曲面影响时,飞机定常飞行过程中经度、纬度、航向角一般均在发生变化,以这些参数作为变量的仿真过程计算较为复杂。引入欧拉角表示飞机位置和航向的信息,能更直观反映飞机航迹的特性,计算过程非常简便,尤其在定常飞行情形下,只有一个参量发生变化。根据球面三角几何中的关系,欧拉角参数和经度、纬度、航向角参数可以方便进行换算。文中还推导了飞机转弯、交会、追逐过程中欧拉角参数表示方法。算例结果表明,用欧拉角参数方法能够有效、方便地表示飞机飞行过程中位置、航向及其变化的信息。     

Application of SDRE technique to orbital and attitude control of spacecraft formation flying

This paper proposes the application of a nonlinear control technique for coupled orbital and attitude relative motion of formation flying. Recently, mission concepts based on the formations of spacecraft that require an increased performance level for in-space maneuvers and operations, have been proposed. In order to guarantee the required performance level, those missions will be characterized by very low inter-satellite distance and demanding relative pointing requirements. Therefore, an autonomous control with high accuracy will be required, both for the control of relative distance and relative attitude. The control system proposed in this work is based on the solution of the State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE), which is one of the more promising nonlinear techniques for regulating nonlinear systems in all the major branches of engineering. The coupling of the relative orbital and attitude motion is obtained considering the same set of thrusters for the control of both orbital and attitude relative dynamics. In addition, the SDRE algorithm is implemented with a timing update strategy both for the controller and the proposed nonlinear filter. The proposed control system approach has been applied to the design of a nonlinear controller for an up-to-date formation mission, which is ESA Proba-3. Numerical simulations considering a tracking signal for both orbital and attitude relative maneuver during an operative orbit of the mission are presented.     

飞翼布局无人机进排气影响及机理分析

进气道尾喷管的存在不仅影响着飞机机身前后的流场特性与压力分布,而且影响着飞机升力特性、阻力特性以及力矩特性.为了研究进排气效应对飞机气动特性的影响,采用计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟技术,建立飞翼布局无人机(UAV)堵锥整流模型和动力影响模型,其中动力影响模型是根据发动机不同的工作状态,在进气道以及尾喷管截面上设置不同的边界条件,对比分析这两种计算模型在流场特征和气动特性上的差异性,揭示内在的影响机理.进排气效应的研究有助于飞机/发动机的一体化气动综合设计.      

基于任务的飞机大迎角飞行品质评定准则

针对现代战斗机大迎角飞行品质缺少量化评定准则的问题,在常规飞行品质评定准则的基础上,采用基于任务的飞行品质评定方法,通过主观评估和客观评估,对多个具有不同电传操纵特性的飞机进行飞行品质评定,由此建立了定量的横向和纵向的大迎角飞行品质评定准则.将所得到的基于任务的大迎角飞行品质评定准则与常规飞行品质评定准则对比,结果表明:具有更大阻尼比和更大短周期操纵期望参数,在横向具有更大滚转模态时间常数的飞机,其大迎角飞行品质等级更优.建立的这一准则更适用于战斗机大迎角飞行的飞行品质评定研究,并可作为现代战斗机的设计标准.