基于健康蜕化的航空发动机传感器故障诊断(英文)

改进在线故障诊断算法使其能适应发动机健康蜕化是目前故障诊断所面临的困难,如果诊断算法没有自适应能力,在发动机健康蜕化后将失去其诊断功能。为了解决此问题,提出在线故障诊断算法,采用跟踪滤波器估计发动机的健康状况,机载模型根据跟踪滤波器的估计结果进行更新。更新后的机载模型能够与真实的发动机相匹配。这使得当发动机健康蜕化后在线故障诊断仍能保持其有效性。最后采用一组卡尔曼滤波器来对航空发动机传感器故障进行诊断与隔离。通过设计好的一组卡尔曼滤波器,能够诊断并隔离出故障。本文使用非线性发动机模型来验证此方法,仿真结果表明本文提出的在线诊断方法在发动机健康蜕化后仍能保持其有效性。     

连续爆轰发动机的二维数值模拟研究

介绍了连续爆轰发动机(Continuous detonation engine,简称CDE)的物理模型及爆轰波传播的物理机理,并对CDE流场的波结构进行了分析.使用两步化学反应模型对简化的CDE模型做了二维数值模拟研究.计算了圆柱面展开二维平面的多个爆轰循环过程.模拟结果较好地匹配了相关CDE实验所获得的流场结构.数值计算结果使我们可以更加透彻地理解CDE各方面的参数,对于CDE的进一步研究具有一定的指导意义.      

应用PIV技术测试模型环形燃烧室流场

采用粒子图像测速仪(PIV)测量带双级旋流器模型环形燃烧室内冷态和燃烧流场,试验研究不同进口气流温度对其冷态和燃烧流场内回流区的形成以及气流速度分布的影响,试验结果表明:燃烧室燃烧流场内回流区长度要比冷态流场短,燃烧流场的脉动速度明显大于冷态流场;另外随着进口气流温度增加,燃烧室冷态和燃烧流场的回流区长度都稍有减少.      

预爆管式脉冲爆震原型机试验研究

为了实现多循环吸气式脉冲爆震发动机（PDE）在较短距离内缓燃向爆震的转捩,降低主爆管通过障碍物触发爆震的内部阻力损失,设计了预爆管和主爆管以同种混气（汽油/空气）为工作介质的两相PDE原型机,试验研究了爆震燃烧过程。研究表明：当预爆管出口扩张角度为45°时,可以实现爆震波在主爆管内向衍射面上、下游传播;设计的预爆管式PDE原型机可以实现最高频率为66.7 Hz的稳定间歇工作。     

某型反潜直升机腹部流场飞行测量研究

 为了保证某型反潜直升机的投雷安全,需要了解直升机腹部的流场在各个方向上的特性。在对几种典型的流场测量技术和方法进行比较之后,利用七孔探针测量系统在复杂流场环境下的测量优势,对直升机的腹部流场进行测量,得到了腹部弹舱以下3个不同高度的测点、在不同飞行状态下的速度矢量。通过对测量所得数据的分析,得到了机腹流场的基本变化规律,以及其对该型直升机投雷的影响。结果表明：直升机的腹部流场不会影响到投雷安全。同时结合对流场产生及变化的理论分析,也验证了实验的可靠性。     

孔间距和前倾角对进出口扩张形气膜孔流量系数的影响(英文)

Discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole of three inclination angles and three spacing between holes are presented which described the discharge behavior of a row of holes. The inlet and outlet of the 3-in-1 hole both have a 15° lateral expansion. The flow conditions considered are mainstream turbulence intensities and density ratios of secondary flow to mainstream. The momentum flux ratios varied in the range from 1 to 4. The comparison is made of the discharge coefficients of three shaped holes to find an optimal hole with low flow loss. The results show that the discharge coefficients of 3-in- 1 hole are highest in three shaped holes and therefore this article is focused on the measurements of discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole for various geometries and aerodynamic parameters. The measured results of 3-in-1 hole indicate that turbulence intensities, density ratios and momentum flux ratios have weak influence on discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 20°. The high turbulence intensity yields the small discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased both momentum flux ratios and density ratios lead to the increased discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased inclination angle causes the rapidly increased discharge coefficients. There is a weak dependence of discharge coefficients on hole pitches.     

Foreign Object Damage to Fan Rotor Blades of Aeroengine Part Ⅱ： Numerical Simulation of Bird Impact

Bird impact is one of the most dangerous threats to flight safety. The consequences of bird impact can be severe and, therefore, the aircraft components have to be certified for a proven level of bird impact resistance before being put into service. The fan rotor blades of aeroengine are the components being easily impacted by birds. It is necessary to ensure that the fan rotor blades should have adequate resistance against the bird impact, to reduce the flying accidents caused by bird impacts. Using the contacting-impacting algorithm, the numerical simulation is carded out to simulate bird impact. A three-blade computational model is set up for the fan rotor blade having shrouds. The transient response curves of the points corresponding to measured points in experiments, displacements and equivalent stresses on the blades are obtained during the simulation. From the comparison of the transient response curves obtained from numerical simulation with that obtained from experiments, it can be found that the variations in measured points and the corresponding points of simulation are basically the same. The deforming process, the maximum displacements and the maximum equivalent stresses on blades are analyzed. The numerical simulation verifies and complements the experiment results.     

带扩压叶片的蜗壳流场计算与分析

利用CFD技术,分析了某氧化剂泵蜗壳的截面形状、截面面积变化规律,以及扩压叶片和隔舌相对位置对水力损失的影响。流场计算结果表明,选取合适的截面面积变化规律可以使水力损失显著减小,提高水力性能;扩压叶片与隔舌相对位置对扩散段流场的分布有影响,适当调整可以减小水力损失。     

变攻角下孔隙射流对高负荷扩压叶栅气动性能的影响

本文对采用孔隙射流的某大折转角雎气机叶栅进行了实验研究．给出了不同攻角下叶栅流道内的静压分布、表面极限流线以及出口流场的气动参数,通过在不同叶高处开孔探讨了孔隙射流位置对大负荷扩压叶栅气动性能的影响。实验结果表明,孔隙位置对端壁静压的影响不大;开多孔方案对叶栅气动性能的影响要强于单孔方案：在设计攻角下,孔隙射流能够改善角区流动,同时降低叶片中部损失,单孔方案的最佳开孔位置位于25％相对叶高处,质量平均能量损失系数相对原形叶栅降低4．75％,开多孔方案巾能量损失相对原形叶栅最多降低5．52％：在负攻角下．孔隙射流导致叶栅性能下降,而在正攻角下,孔隙射流大幅提高叶栅性能,能量损失系数相对原形叶栅最多降低12．7％。     

机载雷达罩热载荷仿真分析关键技术研究

研究了机载雷达罩热载荷仿真分析的3个关键技术,一是雷达罩及天线的CAD建模技术,并应用Fluent计算罩体外表面温度;二是建立雷达罩的多腔体热辐射模型,以得到雷达罩内表面的温度分布;三是温度插值技术,用以将流场计算得到的温度值插值到对应的热应力分析模型上。