民用飞机机载状态监测与管理软件设计与研究

为了对民用飞机的各项状态信息实现快速、准确、全面的监测与管理,保障飞机安全稳定飞行,在深入研究民用飞机状态监测的工作需求以及综合模块化航电系统的基础上,建立了机载状态监测与管理软件的4层架构,包括驻留层、数据层、软件层和客户层;完成了软件的基础功能和主要业务设计,并且论述了软件设计、开发、调试和适航取证等环节中的关键技术难点,对该领域的研究进行了有益的探讨。     

金属壳谐振子研究进展

金属壳谐振陀螺是利用驻波的进动特性来敏感输入角速率的一种新型壳体振动陀螺,具有结构简单、功耗低、抗冲击性强、稳定性高等优点,可被广泛应用于中低精度角速度测量领域。金属壳谐振陀螺不仅具有传统陀螺的惯性品质,而且具有抗高过载、量程大的特点,这是其他类型陀螺所不具备的。作为金属壳谐振陀螺的核心部件,金属壳谐振子的性能至关重要。结合金属壳谐振陀螺综述了金属壳谐振子的研究进展,从设计思想、理论建模、结构设计、信号处理等方面进行了讨论,并指出了金属壳谐振陀螺及其谐振子的发展趋势。     

Multiaxial fatigue life prediction of composite materials

In order to analyze the stress and strain fields in the fibers and the matrix in composite materials,a fiber-scale unit cell model is established and the corresponding periodical boundary conditions are introduced.Assuming matrix cracking as the failure mode of composite materials,an energy-based fatigue damage parameter and a multiaxial fatigue life prediction method are established.This method only needs the material properties of the fibers and the matrix to be known.After the relationship between the fatigue damage parameter and the fatigue life under any arbitrary test condition is established,the multiaxial fatigue life under any other load condition can be predicted.The proposed method has been verified using two different kinds of load forms.One is unidirectional laminates subjected to cyclic off-axis loading,and the other is filament wound composites subjected to cyclic tension-torsion loading.The fatigue lives predicted using the proposed model are in good agreements with the experimental results for both kinds of load forms.     

民用飞机电传飞控系统功能危害性评估方法研究

民机系统级功能危害性评估（Functional Hazard Assessment, 简称FHA）是指对系统功能进行系统性的综合分析过程,即依据系统功能失效状态对飞机安全性影响严重程度进行评估,从而实现对功能的等级进行识别和分类的过程,是系统顶层关键的设计过程。在分析大量相关资料和实际型号经验的基础上,得出适用于民机电传飞控系统的功能定义、功能失效状态分析和确定功能失效影响等级并对其进行确认的思路和方法,以及保证民机电传飞控系统级FHA正确性和完整性的具体可行的措施等,该方法已应用到某民机电传飞控系统级FHA的评估工作中,取得了良好的效果。     

高超声速目标拦截末段交战窗口快速生成方法

针对高超声速目标拦截问题,提出了拦截器的末段交战窗口(TEW)快速生成方法,该窗口表征了所有可行的末段交战阵位.首先,针对高超声速非机动目标建立了解析形式的拦截条件.在此基础上,针对非机动目标和机动目标,依次推导了TEW边界的解析方程.同时,根据拦截器的最小和最大初始航向角,定义并计算了TEW内所有位置的可控裕度.最后...     

动能拦截器运动伪装末制导律设计

针对动能拦截器末制导问题，基于运动伪装理论设计了末制导律和相应的脉冲宽度脉冲频率(PWPF)调节器。根据拦截器和目标在视线旋转坐标系下的相对运动关系建立了动力学模型。通过运动伪装特性得出的拦截条件推导出作用在视线法向上的制导指令表达式。在动能拦截器制导推力受限情况下，利用PWPF调节器调节制导指令。考虑系统的可控条件和拦截条件，对调节器参数进行了理论设计。运动伪装末制导律保证动能拦截器在制导过程起到伪装作用，具有较高的制导精度和较小的命中过载，同时经过参数设计后的PWPF调节器可以节省燃料。最后，通过数值仿真校验了所设计末制导律的正确性和有效性。     

Multi-objective optimal formation reconfiguration with scalarization and stochastic boundaries

A new method is proposed for multi-objective optimal control of satellite formation reconfiguration. First, necessary optimality conditions of single-objective fuel-optimal reconfiguration are studied. Problem of initial guess of the costate and control discontinuity are addressed by using a new developed stochastic based method. Terminal conditions of Two Point Boundary Value Problem (TPBVP) of the optimal control equations are relaxed using augmented Gaussian. Variances or bandwidths of the terminal conditions are set to decision variables to be optimized. Responses of varied initial costate are modeled and propagated using Riccati equation. Using quadratic convolution of relaxed terminal conditions, objective function of the fuel-optimal problem is reformulated into a quadratic equation, and a gradient based optimizer is used to search the optimal initial guess. In the second part of the paper, optimal control of format flying reconfiguration with two competitive objectives:fuel and time of flight (ToF) is studied. With Pascoletti-Serafini scalarization, the Multi-objective Optimal Control Problem (MOCP) is scalarized into a set of weighted Single-objective Optimal Control Problems (SOCP). Hamiltonian and switch function for the weighted SOCP are developed and constructed. New developed stochastic based approach is then used to search the optimal Pareto solutions. Verification and performances of proposed algorithms are demonstrated through numerical simulations of single-objective and multi-objective optimal control of low-thrust elliptical orbit formation reconfiguration. Potential applications of the algorithms to some other preliminary space mission designs are also discussed.     

高超声速有攻角锥飞行工况下迎风面波包的演化

飞行工况下由于壁温与来流温度之比较低，Mack模态的不稳定性会得到显著增强，因此Mack模态占主导的有攻角锥迎风面相对侧面可能会提前转捩。本文采用高分辨率直接数值模拟研究了高超声速有攻角锥在飞行工况下迎风面Mack模态的演化规律，Mack模态由迎风中心线附近的一个短时局部壁面吹吸激发。波包的空间分布和不同模态幅值沿流向的演化过程表明在有攻角条件下，Mack模态的演化过程与零度攻角锥边界层中的类似，基频共振是Mack模态最可能的转捩形式。     

Morphology of the G condition occurrence over Irkutsk

Using Irkutsk digisonde data obtained in 2003–2011, a morphological analysis of the G condition occurrence has been made. The G condition was found to occur during daylight hours in summer; in winter, it is extremely rare, and its appearance is associated with intense magnetic storms. In the years of moderate solar activity, the G condition is most frequently registered at Kp ? 4, in the forenoon. During low solar activity, it can be observed under quiet geomagnetic conditions; in most cases, local time of its appearance shifts to afternoon hours. The highest percentage of the G condition occurrence (7.7–6.4%) was recorded in June and July 2008 when the levels of solar and geomagnetic activity were abnormally low.     

国外老龄化飞机结构健康监控方法

由于经济原因,国外多国军方都不得不通过延长现役飞机的寿命来维持老龄化飞机的使用。老龄化飞机在机身、蒙皮、支撑件、起落架和装配托架等位置可能出现金属疲劳裂纹,而且腐蚀影响也会使材料性能降低至失效临界点。本文旨在讨论通过有效的结构健康监控手段与方法,实现基于状态的维修,基于此提出的综合变化检测方法将有助于飞机寿命的延长。