Measurement of Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance

The Sun’s electromagnetic radiation powers our solar system. In the case of the Earth it heats the lands and ocean, maintains our atmosphere, generates clouds, and cycles water. For other planets and minor bodies, similar and appropriate physical processes occur, also powered by the Sun. The Sun varies on all time scales and a precise knowledge of the Sun's irradiance and its variation is essential to our understanding of environments and physical conditions throughout our solar system. Measurements of solar irradiance and its variation can only be made from space, and almost thirty years of observation have now established that the total solar irradiance (TSI) varies by only 0.1 to 0.3%, while certain portions of the solar spectrum, the ultraviolet for example, vary by orders of magnitude more. This paper provides an overview of TSI observations and of spectral irradiance observations from the ultraviolet to the near infrared.     

第23周不同角宽CME的分布及与太阳黑子数位相的比较

统计分析了1996-2008年期间CME数量随角宽的分布, 将几个典型角宽的CME数量随时间变化的特征与太阳黑子数随时间变化特征进行比较. 分析结果表明, 角宽为0°～ 180°的CME占CME总数的95%以上, 全晕CME占2.83%, 角宽301°～ 359°的CME数量非常少. 角宽0° ～ 60°的CME有三个峰值, 与太阳黑子数随时间变化的特征不吻合. 角宽为121°～ 180°CME的数量无双峰分布. 全晕CME的分布具有明显的双峰结构, 第一个峰值出现在2001年, 第二个峰值出现在2005年, 与太阳黑子数的变化不同步.      

车载冷发射系统多刚体动力学快速仿真研究

为了满足发射动力学快速分析的需要,采用多刚体动力学的绝对坐标方法以适应发射车约束复杂和变拓扑结构的特点,针对车载冷发射系统的典型结构和弹射物理过程,建立并应用了9自由度快速仿真模型。与ADAMS和ABAQUS仿真对比表明,本文计算的车架后支腿载荷偏差不超过4%,而仿真时间只有ADAMS的7.1%和ABAQUS的0.004%,能够快速有效地分析系统的动态特性。通过实例研究了发射管底座-车架支腿载荷比的动态特性和附加载荷分配因子对该载荷比均值及发射管口最大位移的影响。结果表明,发射管底座-车架支腿载荷比在发射过程中逐渐增大并达到稳定值,附加载荷分配因子决定了发射管内弹道压力载荷通过发射管底座和发射车支腿分散传递到地面的载荷分配比例,并且存在最佳附加载荷分配因子,能使弹体的弹射起动过程对系统的扰动影响最小。     

车辆视频检测感兴趣区域确定算法

利用最大方差阈值方法对灰度图像二值化后,对车辆底部阴影突变行检测,对感兴趣区域确定方法进行改进,实现了感兴趣区域的精确确定.通过计算精确确定后的感兴趣区域的灰度对称性和熵值归一化对称性测度,实现了车辆的精确检测,找到车辆的对称轴,并在车辆区域上边界一定范围内,进行灰度突变检测,实现了车辆上边界的准确定位.通过实验验证算法较好地实现了复杂环境下的车辆检测和上边界定位.     

柔性生产线信息管理系统关键技术的实现

介绍了一种基于柔性生产线的信息管理系统的结构、功能及特点,并对系统设计中有关技术问题提出了有效的解决办法。该系统是ＰＡＣ模型的一个实例,它不仅能根据设备能力及各种物料实际准备情况,对ＭＲＰＩＩ下达的作业计划作出优化调整,产生较优的生产次序;且能通过对生产线生产信息和设备状况信息的数据采集,实时仿真生产线运行状况,实现对生产状况的远程监视;并对质量进行统计和分析,找到问题的症结,为进一步提高质量提供     

Studies of electron and ion temperatures at 500 km altitude during sunrise using Indian SROSS C2 satellite

Solar dependence of electron and ion temperatures (T_e and T_i) in the ionosphere is studied using RPA data onboard SROSS C2 at an altitude of ∼500 km and 77°E longitude during early morning hours (04:00–07:00 LT) for three solar activities: solar minimum, moderate and maximum during winter, summer and equinox months in 10°S–20°N geomagnetic latitude. In winter the morning overshoot phenomenon is observed around 06:00 LT (T_e enhances to ∼4000 K) during low-solar activity and to T_e ∼ 3800 K, during higher solar activity. In summer, it is observed around 05:30 LT, but the rate of T_e enhancement is higher during moderate solar activity (∼2700 K/hr) than the low-solar activity (∼1700 K/hr). During equinox, this phenomenon is delayed and is observed around 06:00 LT (∼4200 K) during all three activities.     

Comparative study of high-latitude,mid-latitude and low-latitude ionosphere on basis of local empirical models

The analysis of the regular features of the high-, mid- and low-latitude ionosphere characteristics has been carried out using local empirical models. The local empirical models were derived from the manual scaled ionogram data recorded by DPS-4 Digisondes located at Norilsk (69 N, 88E), Irkutsk (52 N, 104E) and Hainan (19 N, 109E) for a 6-year period from December, 2002 to December, 2008. The technique used to build the local empirical model is described. Primary focuses are diurnal, seasonal and solar cycle variations of the peak electron density and the peak height under low solar activity and their changes with increasing solar activity. The main objective of the paper is to reveal both common and specific features of high-, mid- and low-latitude ionosphere. Based on earlier comparisons with the International Reference Ionosphere model, we analyze how the common and specific features are reproduced by this model.     

舱外航天服冷热电一体化系统性能分析

文章提出了一种舱外航天服冷热电一体化(Combined Cooling-Heating-Power,CCHP)系统,该系统的主要组件有质子交换膜燃料电池、热驱制冷装置、金属氢化物储氢装置和辐射器等.在冷热电一体化系统的冷电匹配方法上提出了“以电定冷”方案,按照该方案计算了一组典型工况下系统的工作状态,分析了燃料电池的工作温度、工作电流密度和工作压力对系统质量和消耗性工质损失的影响.结果表明,该舱外航天服冷热电一体化系统在质量大小方面可以接受,在消耗性工质损失方面比水升华器冷源/蓄电池电源方案小得多;且降低燃料电池工作温度和压力、增大燃料电池工作电流密度,均能够减小系统质量、降低系统消耗性工质损失.     

纳米铝燃料研究进展

纳米铝代替传统微米铝作为固体火箭推进剂的金属燃料,有助于提高推进剂的燃速、比冲和降低特征信号等。综述了纳米铝燃料合成、活性保持、高温氧化反应机理和在含能材料体系中的分散性能等方面的研究进展,分析了关键技术的发展趋势。最后,给出了下一阶段纳米铝燃料的研究建议:探索各向异性纳米铝燃料合成途径,丰富纳米铝燃料类别;在不降低铝燃料能量的前提下,进行修饰、包覆,提高纳米铝燃料活性;弄清不同反应速率下纳米铝燃料氧化反应过程,明晰纳米铝燃料氧化反应机理;重视铝燃料在含能材料中的分散技术、表征手段,揭示分散状况对燃烧稳定性的影响规律。     

太阳活动变化分析

利用Morlet小波变换方法对太阳黑子相对数进行了分析,对太阳活动变化得出了一些有意义的结果.太阳活动存在10.7 a和101 a的变化周期,以10.7 a周期最为显著.太阳活动强弱变化存在一定的阶段性,在1950年发生了气候突变,之后太阳活动明显加强,未来一段时间太阳活动较弱.