火箭发动机胶接质量检测的兰姆波能量分布研究

用兰姆波可对固体火箭发动机进行胶接质量的检测,但需要对其模式进行选择。通过研究兰姆波在固体发动机钢壳体内纵波与横波成分的能量分布情况,从理论上分析和预测了不同模式对检测特定界面缺陷的能力和灵敏度,并通过S0和S1两种检测模式的试验研究,验证了理论分析的正确性。结果表明,可根据兰姆波的能量分布变化特性和实际检测要求,选择最合适的模式进行检测,从而达到提高界面缺陷检测灵敏度的目的。     

新一代运载贮箱搅拌摩擦焊应用研究

在分析搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)原理和工艺特点的基础上,设计了适于厚6 mm 2219铝合金焊接用搅拌头,进行了平板工艺试验,以及焊缝的外观质量、金相组织和力学性能评定。采用线能量因子确定了最佳工艺容限。新一代运载2219铝合金贮箱1∶1验证件的焊接和压力试验证明,FSW的焊接质量、构件整体尺寸精度和生产效率都远高于传统的交流钨极惰性气体保护焊(TIG),完全满足新一代运载贮箱的制造要求。     

Locating Current Sheets in the Solar Corona

Current sheets are essential for energy dissipation in the solar corona, in particular by enabling magnetic reconnection. Unfortunately, sufficiently thin current sheets cannot be resolved observationally and the theory of their formation is an unresolved issue as well. We consider two predictors of coronal current concentrations, both based on geometrical or even topological properties of a force-free coronal magnetic field. First, there are separatrices related to magnetic nulls. Through separatrices the magnetic connectivity changes discontinuously. Coronal magnetic nulls are, however, very rare. Second, inspired by the concept of generalized magnetic reconnection without nulls, quasi-separatrix layers (QSL) were suggested. Through QSL the magnetic connectivity changes continuously, though strongly. The strength of the connectivity change can be quantified by measuring the squashing of the flux tubes which connect the magnetically conjugated photospheres. We verify the QSL and separatrix concepts by comparing the sites of magnetic nulls and enhanced squashing with the location of current concentrations in the corona. Due to the known difficulties of their direct observation, we simulated coronal current sheets by numerically calculating the response of the corona to energy input from the photosphere, heating a simultaneously observed Extreme Ultraviolet Bright Point. We did not find coronal current sheets at separatrices but at several QSL locations. The reason is that, although the geometrical properties of force-free extrapolated magnetic fields can indeed hint at possible current concentrations, a necessary condition for current sheet formation is the local energy input into the corona.     

飞行器结构力学中的一个问题

最小余能原理的丰富内涵在飞行器结构力学中得到一定反映。研究了飞行器结构力学中余虚功原理的两种不同的表示形式，最小余能原理和拟余能原理，推导了最小余能原理驻值条件。最后，给出典型实例。     

总能量控制原理在地形跟随飞行控制中的应用

应用总能量控制原理设计了控制飞行高度的地形跟随飞行控制系统,并通过引入飞行高度和飞行速度的偏差控制,基本消除了总能量控制系统存在的稳态误差;引入俯仰角和俯仰角速率反馈回路以增加阻尼,消除俯仰角振荡,最后对该系统进行了解耦性能和地形跟随仿真。结果表明,用总能量原理设计的地形跟随飞行控制系统体现了飞机升降舵和油门杆一体化设计的思想,可实现飞行速度/航迹角的解耦控制,对给定地形可达到良好的跟随效果。     

GAP／AN推进剂的应用与研制进展

概述了ＧＡＰ／ＡＮ推进剂的特性，研制状况及发展潜力，针对目前该推进剂的各项性能水平（能量性能，燃烧性能，力学性能）提出了该推进剂存在的问题及改善方法。     

Thermospheric neutral density response to solar forcing

Recent measurements by the Solar EUV (Extreme Ultra Violet) Experiment (SEE) aboard the Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics satellite (TIMED) provide solar EUV spectral irradiance with adequate spectral and temporal resolution, and thus the opportunity to use solar measurements directly in upper atmospheric general circulation models. Thermospheric neutral density is simulated with the NCAR Thermosphere–Ionosphere–Electrodynamic General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) using TIMED/SEE measurements and using the EUVAC solar proxy model. Neutral density is also calculated using the NRLMSISE-00 empirical model. These modeled densities are then compared to density measurements derived from satellite drag data. It is found that using measured solar irradiance in the general circulation model can improve density calculations compared to using the solar proxy model. It is also found that the general circulation model can improve upon the empirical model in simulating geomagnetic storm effects and the solar cycle variation of neutral density.     

小展弦比压气机转子叶片颤振研究

针对小展弦比压气机转子叶片特点,在能量法计算基础上提出了两种颤振评判方法,即首先利用结构动力学分析结果对叶片频率分离度、振型和共振进行分析,判断某压气机小展弦比转子叶片存在高阶耦合颤振的可能;然后将结构动力学得到的振动位移插值到气动网格上,进行三维非定常黏性流场计算,得到非定常气动功,判断叶片是否存在失速颤振的可能.最后综合利用两部分分析结果和试验及断口分析情况,综合给出该小展弦比压气机叶片因失速颤振和耦合颤振共同作用,导致叶片在短时间内出现了裂纹.      

计算域大小对大涡模拟计算结果的影响

为了节省计算资源,提升计算效率,在保证计算结果准确的前提下,尽可能选取较小的计算域显得尤为重要。针对该问题,分别沿槽道的展向和流向选取不同的计算尺度(053πδ×2δ×0177πδ、πδ×2δ×05πδ、2πδ×2δ×πδ、3πδ×2δ×15πδ,δ为槽高的一半),在相同的计算条件且设置均满足大涡模拟计算要求的前提下,对摩擦雷诺数为540和930两种摩擦雷诺数下计算域大小对大涡模拟数值计算结果的影响进行了研究。结果发现:计算尺度不小于2πδ×2δ×πδ的计算域能很好的呈现湍流计算结果。此外,在摩擦雷诺数为930时,相同计算域下所能检测的范围均有所提升,得到的计算结果更加准确。     

用能量法研究玻璃幕墙面板的非线性弯曲

由于玻璃面板是典型的双模量材料板,所以应该采用双模量弹性理论研究玻璃面板在侧向力作用下的大位移问题。玻璃面板在侧向力作用下发生变形时,会形成各向同性的拉伸区和压缩区。因此,可把玻璃面板看成两种各向同性材料组成的层合板,采用双模量弹性理论建立了玻璃面板在侧向力作用下的静力平衡方程,利用静力平衡方程确定了玻璃面板的中性面位置。在此基础上,采用能量法研究了玻璃面板在侧向力作用下大位移问题,把能量法的计算结果与有限元计算结果进行了比较,验证了能量法的计算结果是可靠的。算例分析表明,玻璃面板拉压弹性模量相差较大,其挠度计算不宜采用相同弹性模量经典弹性理论,而应该采用双模量弹性理论。