Pose matters: Pose guided graph attention network for person re-identification

Person re-Identification (reID), aiming at retrieving a person across different cameras, has been playing a more and more important role in the construction of smart city and social security. For deep-learning-based reID methods, it has been proved that using local feature together with global feature could help to give robust representation for person retrieval. Human pose information can provide the locations of human skeleton to effectively guide the network to pay more attention to these key areas, and can also help to reduce the noise distractions from background or occlusions. Based on human pose, a Pose Guided Graph Attention (PGGA) network is proposed in this paper, which is a multi-branch architecture consisting of one branch for global feature and two branches for local key-point features. A graph attention convolution layer is carefully designed to re-assign the contribution weight of each extracted local feature by modeling the similarity relations. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on discriminative feature learning. Our model achieves the state-of-the-art performance on several mainstream evaluation datasets. A plenty of ablation studies and different kinds of comparison experiments are conducted to prove the effectiveness of this work, including the tests on occluded datasets and cross-domain datasets. Moreover, we further design supplementary tests in practical scenario to indicate the advantage of our work in real-word applications.     

航空网络关键节点辨识的核极限学习机算法研究

通过技术手段准确识别航空网络的关键节点,对航空网络平时的正常运行以及战时的防御和修复,具有重要的理论意义和参考价值。提出一种基于核极限学习机的航空网络关键节点识别方法,首先,采用层次分析法对节点综合重要度进行评估;然后,选取三个简单指标,基于核极限学习机学习简单指标与综合重要度之间的映射关系,建立重要度评估模型;最后,以中美两国航空网络为例进行仿真。结果表明:仅需计算 40 个节点的复杂指标值,就可对关键节点取得较满意的辨识效果,降低了计算复杂度,提高了辨识效率,即采用本文方法辨识航空网络的关键节点是有效、可行的。     

组织学习力视角下的学习型党组织建设

建设学习型党组织,是党所处外部世界环境的要求,是党领导的经济社会现状的要求,是党自身建设的当代节点的要求。因此,必须综合学习型组织经典定义和党组织的特殊属性,树立学习型党组织的科学涵义;必须不断加强对学习活动的指导,建立健全各项学习制度,不断创新有效的学习方式,最终提升党组织的本质竞争力。     

基于深度学习的太阳10.7 cm射电流量日值的中期预报

针对太阳10.7cm射电流量中期日值预报问题,采用深度学习方法,建立了一个典型的基于多层感知器模型的神经网络。该网络采用1个包含90个神经元的隐含层,实现了一种非参数的时间序列自回归模型。预报中不仅考虑历史日值,还考虑了历史预报误差。模型根据前27d的历史数据实现了未来27d的日值预报。通过对50多年数据的训练和试验分析,该方法在短期和中期预报上较传统方法的相对误差明显降低。特别是模型经一次训练后,参数可以完全固定,不同于以往研究参数需要每天滚动更新,大大简化了日常预报,同时极为有利于模型在其他相关应用中的推广。     

Crater detection via genetic search methods to reduce image features

Recent approaches to crater detection have been inspired by face detection’s use of gray-scale texture features. Using gray-scale texture features for supervised machine learning crater detection algorithms provides better classification of craters in planetary images than previous methods. When using Haar features it is typical to generate thousands of numerical values from each candidate crater image. This magnitude of image features to extract and consider can spell disaster when the application is an entire planetary surface. One solution is to reduce the number of features extracted and considered in order to increase accuracy as well as speed. Feature subset selection provides the operational classifiers with a concise and denoised set of features by reducing irrelevant and redundant features. Feature subset selection is known to be NP-hard. To provide an efficient suboptimal solution, four genetic algorithms are proposed to use greedy selection, weighted random selection, and simulated annealing to distinguish discriminate features from indiscriminate features. Inspired by analysis regarding the relationship between subset size and accuracy, a squeezing algorithm is presented to shrink the genetic algorithm’s chromosome cardinality during the genetic iterations. A significant increase in the classification performance of a Bayesian classifier in crater detection using image texture features is observed.     

A machine learning approach to crater detection from topographic data

Craters are distinctive features on the surfaces of most terrestrial planets. Craters reveal the relative ages of surface units and provide information on surface geology. Extracting craters is one of the fundamental tasks in planetary research. Although many automated crater detection algorithms have been developed to exact craters from image or topographic data, most of them are applicable only in particular regions, and only a few can be widely used, especially in complex surface settings. In this study, we present a machine learning approach to crater detection from topographic data. This approach includes two steps: detecting square regions which contain one crater with the use of a boosting algorithm and delineating the rims of the crater in each square region by local terrain analysis and circular Hough transform. A new variant of Haar-like features (scaled Haar-like features) is proposed and combined with traditional Haar-like features and local binary pattern features to enhance the performance of the classifier. Experimental results with the use of Mars topographic data demonstrate that the developed approach can significantly decrease the false positive detection rate while maintaining a relatively high true positive detection rate even in challenging sites.     

激光选区熔化增材制造缺陷智能监测与过程控制综述

激光选区熔化（SLM）技术被认为是最有应用前景的增材制造技术之一,已应用于航空航天、医疗器械等领域。然而,如何确保构件质量的可靠性和制造的可重复性是SLM面临的最大挑战,已被认为是限制SLM及其他金属增材制造技术发展和工业应用的最大壁垒。其中,主要原因是SLM过程中会产生难以控制的缺陷。因此,对SLM进行过程监测和实时反馈控制是解决这一挑战的重要研究方向,也已成为学术界和工业界的研究热点之一。通过对近十年该领域的文献调研,综述了金属激光增材制造中常见的冶金缺陷及其产生机理,对金属增材制造过程产生的信号及其监测手段,如声信号、光信号及热信号等进行了详细描述;总结了信号数据的处理方法,包括传统的统计处理方法和新兴的基于机器学习的智能监测方法;随后,综述了金属增材制造过程的质量控制方法,包括非闭环控制和闭环控制,并对全文进行了总结,展望了未来SLM智能监测和控制领域值得深入的研究方向。     

人工智能可解释性评估研究综述CSCD

近年来,可解释人工智能(XAI)发展迅速,成为当前人工智能领域的研究热点,已出现多种人工智能解释方法。如何量化评估XAI的可解释性以及解释方法的效果,对研究XAI具有重要意义。XAI的可解释性评估涉及主、客观因素,是一个复杂且有挑战性的工作。综述了XAI的可解释性评估方法,首先,介绍了XAI的可解释性及其评估的概念和分类;其次,总结和梳理了一些可解释性的特性;在此基础上,从可解释性评估方法和可解释性评估框架两方面,综述和分析了当前可解释性评估工作;最后,总结了当前人工智能可解释性评估研究的不足,并展望了其未来发展方向。     

航天器姿控系统的PD型学习观测器故障重构

针对满足Lipschitz条件的航天器姿态控制系统这一非线性系统中存在的执行器加性故障、空间干扰与测量噪声问题,提出了基于PD型迭代学习观测器的故障重构方法。该方法具有期望的鲁棒性能指标,能够在系统存在空间干扰与测量噪声情况下实现对突变故障与时变故障等故障类型的精确重构。基于线性矩阵不等式技术给出系统化PD型迭代学习观测器的设计方法,并根据Lyapunov稳定性理论对上述设计方法的稳定性条件进行了理论证明,同时利用鲁棒技术抑制空间干扰与测量噪声对执行器故障重构的影响,通过线性矩阵不等式工具箱求解观测器参数矩阵。最后,将该方法应用到航天器姿态控制系统中,仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

结合离线知识的时变结构模态参数在线辨识

飞行器的结构模态参数在线获取对其高效、可靠运行具有重要意义。传统时变结构模态参数辨识方法存在辨识虚假结果较多,抵抗测量数据中的极端异常值能力差等问题,难以有效应用于在线过程。建立一种基于长短时记忆网络的时变结构模态参数在线辨识网络模型,通过数据集构建过程离线地引入先验信息,同时结合模型自身特性,有效提升制约在线辨识应用的可靠性。实验结果表明：在不同时变规律下,与传统辨识方法相比,在线辨识模型能有效缓解虚假结果问题,同时保证辨识结果的连续性;采用α稳定分布模型对脉冲噪声进行建模,验证了其在测量数据包含由于偶发因素产生的极端异常值时在线辨识鲁棒性。