舰载机弹射起飞前起落架牵制载荷突卸动力学分析

舰载机弹射起飞过程中,由于牵制载荷突卸而产生的前起落架沿航向的快速振动会给机体结构和设备都带来严重的疲劳问题,为研究该振动现象并提出解决方案,建立了舰载机弹射起飞动力学模型,分析计算了前起落架的受载情况,并详细论述其动力学成因,推导了消除前起落架振动现象的充分必要条件.研究结果表明:牵制载荷沿下扭力臂轴向的载荷分量所造...     

弯曲段壁面冲击发散冷却结构流量系数与冷却效率的实验

为了研究回流燃烧室弯曲段采用冲击发散冷却结构时的流量系数和冷却效率,设计了多种不同几何尺寸的实验件模型,分别对其流量系数和冷却效率进行了实验研究,得出如下结论:①弯曲段冲击发散冷却结构的流量系数较小,一般不会超过0.7.发散孔倾角为40°的流量系数要小于倾角为20°和30°的流量系数,流量系数随着发散孔纵向间距比的增大而减小.②弯曲段冲击发散冷却结构的冷却效率均随着吹风比的增大而增大,其冷却效率要明显高于直板冲击发散冷却结构,且这种差异随着吹风比的增大而逐渐减弱.      

气膜内冷通道高度对气膜孔流量系数的影响

以一种基于旋流增益的强化换热技术为研究对象,对狭小受限的气膜孔内冷通道中气膜孔的流量系数开展了试验研究.试验中通过改变气膜孔雷诺数Re(4800～26000)、吹风比M(0.36～2.74)、无量纲冷却通道高度h/d(0.33～2.0)等参数,研究了狭小空间的几何结构、流动参数等对单排气膜孔平均流量系数Cd的影响,并得...     

离子电推进技术的发展现状与未来

离子电推进是最具代表性和技术成熟度的电推进技术类型之一。本文从放电室技术、离子光学系统技术、放电阴极和中和器阴极技术的优势、缺憾等方面,总结了离子电推进的技术发展现状。针对未来航天任务对离子电推进更大功率、更高比冲、更简系统等新需求,分析了传统离子电推进所面临的主要技术挑战,梳理出了环型离子电推进、双级加速离子电推进、自中和离子电推进、螺旋波放电离子电推进等创新离子电推进技术发展的未来方向。     

空间电源功率调节技术综述

介绍了空间电源功率调节装置(PCU)的分流调节器(SR),蓄电池的充电控制器(BCR)、放电控制器(BDR)和主误差放大器(MEA)的原理和技术现状。阐述了顺序开关分流调节(S3R)、混合型调节和顺序开关分流串联调节(S4R)三种基本拓扑的工作原理,并对三者进行了性能比较,认为S4R是目前最先进的调节技术。讨论了功率调节装置模块化、智能化和小型化的发展趋势并分析了大功率的功率调节装置研制难点。     

脉冲等离子体推力器羽流预测计算研究

为了能够将脉冲等离子体推力器成功地运用于空间,需对其羽流进行研究。将一维 MHD双温放电模型的计算结果作为入口条件,运用DSMC（Direct Simulation Monte\|Carlo ）／PIC（Particle in Cell）流体混合算法一体化模拟实验室PPT羽流。验证计算显示该模 型具有一体化模拟脉冲等离子体推力器羽流的能力。对不同初始放电能量下的羽流场进行模 拟,给出了离子、中性粒子、电子温度、轴线上质量流率和出口平面返流质量流率的变化情 况。计算结果显示高放电能量下返流量更大,同时中性粒子在返流中所占比例也越大。
     

电容式多次放电点火系统设计与试验

针对某型二冲程点燃式空气辅助缸内直喷发动机燃用柴油问题,提出了实现单电容连续多次放电点火的方法,研制了直流电容式多次放电点火模块,进行了多次点火功能性验证及点火能量测试.在此基础上,进行了环境温度为6℃下的冷起动试验及3000r/min小负荷性能试验,结果表明:在该环境条件下,采用5次放电点火策略能够使发动机起动成功,在小负荷工况下,增加点火次数有利于改善缸内燃烧,点火提前角在10°~20°之间时,4次点火对发动机动力性、燃油消耗率及排放性能改善比2次点火更明显,当点火提前角提前至30°后,其改善作用逐渐减小.      

介质阻挡放电等离子体的温度测量

在空气介质阻挡放电中,利用氮分子振动谱线和氮分子离子的转动谱线,研究了振动温度和转动温度在两极板间的分布情况。结果表明：越靠近极板振动温度越小,中间振动温度最高;而转动温度在两极板间基本保持不变。     

Space observations of comets during solar flares: A possible explanation for comet brightness outbursts

Problems connected with mechanisms for comet brightness outbursts as well as for gamma-ray bursts remain open. Meantime, calculations show that irradiation of a certain class of comet nuclei, having high specific electric resistance, by intense fluxes of energetic protons and positively charged ions with kinetic energies more than 1 MeV/nucleon, ejected from the Sun during strong solar flares, can produce a macroscopic high-voltage electric double layer with positive charge in the subsurface zone of the nucleus, during irradiation times of the order of 10–100 h at heliocentric distances around 1–10 AU. The maximum electric energy accumulated in such layer will be restricted by the electric discharge potential of the layer material. For comet nuclei with typical radii of the order of 1–10 km the accumulated energy of such natural electric capacitor is comparable to the energy of large comet outbursts that are estimated on the basis of ground based optical observations. The impulse gamma and X-ray radiation together with optical burst from the comet nucleus during solar flares, anticipated due to high-voltage electric discharge, may serve as an indicator of realization of the processes above considered. Multi-wavelength observations of comets and pseudo-asteroids of cometary origin, having brightness correlation with solar activity, using ground based optical telescopes as well as space gamma and X-ray observatories, during strong solar flares, are very interesting for the physics of comets as well as for high energy astrophysics.     

Flow separation control on swept wing with nanosecond pulse driven DBD plasma actuators

A 15° swept wing with dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator is designed.Experimental study of flow separation control with nanosecond pulsed plasma actuation is performed at flow velocity up to 40 m/s. The effects of the actuation frequency and voltage on the aerodynamic performance of the swept wing are evaluated by the balanced force and pressure measurements in the wind tunnel. At last, the performances on separation flow control of the three types of actuators with plane and saw-toothed exposed electrodes are compared. The optimal actuation frequency for the flow separation control on the swept wing is detected, namely the reduced frequency is 0.775, which is different from 2-D airfoil separation control. There exists a threshold voltage for the low swept wing flow control. Before the threshold voltage, as the actuation voltage increases, the control effects become better. The maximum lift is increased by 23.1% with the drag decreased by 22.4% at 14°, compared with the base line. However, the best effects are obtained on actuator with plane exposed electrode in the low-speed experiment and the abilities of saw-toothed actuators are expected to be verified under high-speed conditions.