Effects of lighting and air movement on temperatures in reproductive organs of plants in a closed plant growth facility

Temperature increases in plant reproductive organs such as anthers and stigmas could cause fertility impediments and thus produce sterile seeds under artificial lighting conditions without adequately controlled environments in closed plant growth facilities. There is a possibility such a situation could occur in Bioregenerative Life Support Systems under microgravity conditions in space because there will be little natural convective or thermal mixing. This study was conducted to determine the temperature of the plant reproductive organs as affected by illumination and air movement under normal gravitational forces on the earth and to make an estimation of the temperature increase in reproductive organs in closed plant growth facilities under microgravity in space. Thermal images of reproductive organs of rice and strawberry were captured using infrared thermography at air temperatures of 10–11 °C. Compared to the air temperature, temperatures of petals, stigmas and anthers of strawberry increased by 24, 22 and 14 °C, respectively, after 5 min of lighting at an irradiance of 160 W m⁻² from incandescent lamps. Temperatures of reproductive organs and leaves of strawberry were significantly higher than those of rice. The temperatures of petals, stigmas, anthers and leaves of strawberry decreased by 13, 12, 13 and 14 °C, respectively, when the air velocity was increased from 0.1 to 1.0 ms⁻¹. These results show that air movement is necessary to reduce the temperatures of plant reproductive organs in plant growth facilities.     

综合火力／飞行控制系统的一种自调整因子模糊控制

研究了综合火力／飞行控制系统（ＩＦＦＣＳ）模糊控制器因子的自调整问题。本文用降半凸函数和指数函数来描述量化因子及比例因子与误差ｅ的关系，提出了自调整因子模糊控制的一种设计方法，并进行了计算机仿真验证。仿真结果表明，这一方法的控制效果是较满意的。     

反馈系统的φ-稳定性、无源性及输出解的性质

本文在(?)-稳定性条件下研究了反馈系统的无源性和输出解的性质,给出了反馈系统无源性及输出解的稳定性,连续性和唯一性的新判据。     

Max＋PlusⅡ结合Matlab对数字系统进行联合设计与仿真

介绍一种Max PlusⅡ结合Matlab对数字系统进行联合设计与仿真的方法，这种方法通过Matlab来完成数字系统的原理方案仿真、模块设计和系统必要参数获取；通过比较Max Plus与Matlab的仿真结果差异来实现硬件模块的功能验证、模块之间时序关系的调整和系统功能的直观验证；最后以高速数字解调器载波恢复部分的设计为例讨论了该方法的具体应用。     

非线性飞行稳定性研究的新综合方法

本文提出“分歧和突变理论-时间历程-龙格库塔灵敏度分析”的综合方法,用其研究作为非线性系统的飞机稳定性。该方法利用分歧理论来确定飞机的全局稳定性,并由平衡面找出应予检验的平衡点,对这些平衡点,计算状态参数的时间历程,由此确定飞机运动的性质。最后,利用龙格-库塔灵敏度分析方法来研究动稳定性随时间的变化,由此可以解析地求得任意瞬间影响飞行稳定性的空气动力项,结构项及组合项。 利用上述方法所得到的有关稳定性的信息是全面的,它对飞机的操稳设计有重要参考价值。     

一种期刊管理自动化系统（PMAS）的模式

论述了期刊管理自动化的重要性，讨论了对期刊实行自动化管理的具体内容，其中包括期刊管理，期刊服务。文中还提出了组成这一自动化系统的模块化结构，最后探讨了采用微机网络实现其自动化的可能性。     

非均匀流场中燃油浓度测量的试验技术

本文设计了在非均匀流场中,能同时测量其速度分布、浓度分布和温度分布的取样感头,建立了相应的测试系统,分析讨论了该系统的测量精度及其影响因素。在常温和高温气流作用下,测量了非均匀流场中燃油浓度分布、速度分布及温度分布。燃油浓度在常温时误差在±10％以内,高温时误差在±6％以内。     

空间站柔性太阳电池翼对日跟踪控制

空间站柔性太阳电池翼高稳定对日跟踪驱动控制,对于保障空间站长期在轨能源安全和平稳运行具有重要意义。在推导柔性太阳电池翼动力学模型、柔性体模态分析和截断、Alpha对日定向装置机电系统模型、非线性传动系统模型的基础上,对空间站柔性太阳电池翼对日跟踪控制系统进行设计。采用Heaviside五次样条变速规划、位置和速度两级闭环、速度环陷阱滤波器柔性振动抑制的组合方案,实现空间站柔性太阳电池翼高稳定驱动控制。通过对典型工况的仿真校核,验证所设计的控制方案可实现跟踪精度优于0.3°、速度偏差±0.005(°)/s、稳定度优于7%@0.065(°)/s的性能指标。同时,Alpha对日定向装置的启动和变速过程中驱动力矩不大于30 N·m,稳速运行期间驱动力矩不大于5 N·m。各项性能指标要好于国际空间站Alpha对日定向装置,满足使用要求。     

Extensions in adaptive model tracking with mitigated passivity conditions

Feasibility of nonlinear and adaptive control methodologies in multivariable linear timeinvariant systems with state space realization {A, B, C} has apparently been limited by the standard strict passivity (or positive realness) conditions that imply that the product CB must be positive definite symmetric. More recently the symmetry condition has been mitigated, requiring instead that the not necessarily symmetric matrix CB be diagonalizable and with positive real eigenvalues. However, although the mitigated conditions are useful in proving pure stabilizability with Adaptive Controllers, the Model Tracking question has remained open and counterexamples seem to demonstrate total divergence of standard model reference adaptive controllers when the regular passivity conditions are not fully satisfied. Therefore, this paper further extends the previous results, showing that the new passivity conditions do guarantee stability with adaptive model tracking. Examples show how the new conditions solve the case of flexible structures with unknown parameters when perfect collocation is not possible. Also, the so-called counterexamples become simple, well-behaved, examples.     

区域安全性分析在飞机总装过程中的应用探索

区域安全性分析(ZSA)是指为降低飞机机载系统在整机装配、维护等物理性集成时引起的飞机系统、飞机整机工作过程中的功能性风险,而在传统飞机物理样机阶段提前开展的结构与系统、系统与系统间协调性、技术符合性的分析检查工作.随着数字化设计模式的引入,部分区域安全性分析也尝试在设计阶段基于设计数字样机开展.在民用飞机设计领域,国...