Thermal performance of a 3D printed lattice-structure heat sink packaging phase change material

Thermal storage technology is becoming more and more significant with the increase of high-power equipment in space applications. In this paper, 3D printing technology and Phase Change Material (PCM) were combined into a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system, which could fulfill the requirements of light weight and high thermal conductivity. A 3D-printed lattice-structure TES plate with N-tetradecane as the PCM and aluminum alloy as the thermal conductivity enhancer was manufactured, and experimentally tested in a thermal vacuum chamber. In addition, a simplified simulation model of the lattice cell was established to clearly analyze the heat transfer process of the TES plate. The effects of initial temperature distribution and heat load gradient on the thermal storage performances were investigated experimentally and theoretically. The equivalent thermal conductivity of the 3D-printed lattice-structure TES plate turns out to be 13 times of the pure PCM thanks to the aluminum skeleton. The heat transfer enhancement appears at the end of the phase change stage due to the sudden mixture of the PCM with different temperature. The simulation results agree well with the experimental data. The equivalent thermal conductivity obtained by the phase change simulations are a little higher than those of the experiments, which is mainly caused by the initial uneven temperature distribution in the tests. Additionally, the effects of non-uniform heat load and the presence of the PCM in the TES plate are studied. This work successfully validates the feasibility and effectiveness of 3D printing technology and TES technology for the temperature control in space applications.     

高低频复合振动钻削CFRP/钛合金叠层结构试验

针对碳纤维增强复合材料（CFRP）和钛合金叠层结构在传统钻削过程中切削温度高、加工质量差等问题,基于低频振动钻削和高频（超声）振动钻削的优势,提出了高低频复合振动钻削的加工方法。采用自主研制的高低频复合振动钻削装置,对CFRP/钛合金叠层结构进行了制孔试验,对比研究了普通钻削、超声钻削、低频振动钻削和高低频复合振动钻削4种方式下的切削力、钛合金切屑形貌、切削温度和CFRP孔加工质量。结果表明：4种加工方式中,高低频复合振动钻削的轴向力波动相对较大,切削温度显著降低,产生的钛合金切屑呈不连续扇形且整体尺寸最小,CFRP孔出入口及孔壁的损伤程度最低,显著提高了加工质量,为复合材料叠层结构一体化制孔加工提供了指导意义。     

稀土改性高强铝微桁架激光增材制造工艺调控

微桁架夹芯板点阵轻量化结构在航空航天领域有重要应用,选区激光熔化（SLM）增材制造技术可克服传统工艺局限性,高质量一体化成形复杂点阵结构。以稀土Sc改性高强Al-Mg合金为对象,采用SLM工艺对其进行工艺优化试验,并基于优化结果对微桁架夹芯板开展一体化成形工艺调控研究。研究结果表明：SLM成形Al-Mg-Sc-Zr合金表面质量、冶金缺陷等随激光参数发生显著变化,在激光功率400 W、扫描速度800 mm/s的条件下获得较高表面质量（粗糙度为13.2 μm）及致密度（相对密度为99.5%）。当扫描速度较低时试件熔池底部形成一次Al₃Sc析出相,而当扫描速度过高时因凝固速度过快析出相减少,导致试件显微硬度降低。在优化工艺区间内,随激光扫描速度增加SLM成形Al-Mg-Sc-Zr微桁架夹芯板粘粉比例下降,构件质量随之减轻;水平方向构件尺寸精度、桁架微杆成形精度均随扫描速度增加而增加。     

激光增材制造高强高韧TC11钛合金力学性能及航空主承力结构应用分析

随着损伤容限设计理念发展和轻量化要求提高,高强高韧钛合金逐渐成为航空装备关键主承力构件主要结构材料。激光增材制造制备钛合金大型主承力构件具有数字化、短周期、低成本等技术优势,特别是激光增材制造过程超常固态相变动力学条件为制备高强高韧钛合金提供了新的机会。本文根据航空主承力结构选材性能要求,对激光增材制造TC11钛合金静强度、疲劳和损伤容限特性进行测试与分析,在此基础上对其在航空主承力结构的应用前景进行分析。结果表明,激光增材制造TC11钛合金力学性能具有显著的高强高韧和低屈强比特征,其疲劳缺口敏感性和裂纹扩展速率低,性能分散性小,综合性能满足航空主承力结构选材要求。与目前航空主承力结构广泛应用的TC4-DT损伤容限型钛合金相比,激光增材制造TC11高强高韧钛合金损伤容限特性相当、疲劳性能有所改善、许用应力提高23%,结构具有进一步减重优势。激光增材制造TC11钛合金优异的强韧性匹配在提高结构许用应力的同时可避免大厚度结构发生脆性断裂,其低疲劳缺口敏感性和优异的疲劳裂纹扩展特性对于结构服役安全具有重要意义。     

带套齿连接结构的转子系统振动稳定性实验研究

为了研究带套齿连接结构的转子系统振动稳定性,推导了套齿连接结构的内摩擦力表达式,由此求解了转子系统振动失稳的条件.设计并搭建了带柔性和刚性两种不同套齿连接结构的实验转子系统.实验研究了带不同套齿连接结构的转子系统振动的稳定性.实验发现,带柔性套齿连接结构的转子系统易于发生由内、外套齿齿面间内摩擦所引起的振动失稳.失稳的...     

车辆定位与导航系统中的快速路径规划算法

针对车辆定位与导航系统中的最优路径规划问题,研究了最短路径搜索算法的快速实现技术,并提出了一种启发式快速最优路径规划算法.在分析经典迪杰斯特拉最短路径搜索算法的最优实现的基础上,引入基数堆结构缩减了算法的时间复杂度,再利用启发式搜索和地图分级搜索技术减小搜索空间,从而获得最短路径规划算法的高效率实现.仿真试验的结果证明了该算法的优异性能.     

一类结构随机跳变系统的自适应滤波方法

提出了含有相关和非相关两类特征参数的结构随机跳变系统自适应滤波方法,并采用改进了的一种基于随机采样技术的自举滤波算法,其对于非线性非高斯问题具有很强的适应性,很好地克服了传统滤波算法在解决此类问题时所存在的"基础结构失真"的缺陷,从而提高了滤波算法的整体估计性能.在"闪烁"噪声环境里,测量信息存在随机中断的导弹制导问题的仿真结果,验证了本方法的有效性.     

基于3层B/S结构的月球资源数据库系统的设计与实现

基于3层B/S结构，采用Web技术，在Intranet环境下设计并开发了月球资源数据库系统，该系统实现了月球资源信息的管理，具有高效、使用方便，运行稳定可靠等特点，并具有良好的可扩充性和可维护性。     

Clusters of Galaxies: Setting the Stage

Clusters of galaxies are self-gravitating systems of mass ∼10¹⁴–10¹⁵ h ⁻¹ M_⊙ and size ∼1–3h ⁻¹ Mpc. Their mass budget consists of dark matter (∼80%, on average), hot diffuse intracluster plasma (≲20%) and a small fraction of stars, dust, and cold gas, mostly locked in galaxies. In most clusters, scaling relations between their properties, like mass, galaxy velocity dispersion, X-ray luminosity and temperature, testify that the cluster components are in approximate dynamical equilibrium within the cluster gravitational potential well. However, spatially inhomogeneous thermal and non-thermal emission of the intracluster medium (ICM), observed in some clusters in the X-ray and radio bands, and the kinematic and morphological segregation of galaxies are a signature of non-gravitational processes, ongoing cluster merging and interactions. Both the fraction of clusters with these features, and the correlation between the dynamical and morphological properties of irregular clusters and the surrounding large-scale structure increase with redshift. In the current bottom-up scenario for the formation of cosmic structure, where tiny fluctuations of the otherwise homogeneous primordial density field are amplified by gravity, clusters are the most massive nodes of the filamentary large-scale structure of the cosmic web and form by anisotropic and episodic accretion of mass, in agreement with most of the observational evidence. In this model of the universe dominated by cold dark matter, at the present time most baryons are expected to be in a diffuse component rather than in stars and galaxies; moreover, ∼50% of this diffuse component has temperature ∼0.01–1 keV and permeates the filamentary distribution of the dark matter. The temperature of this Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) increases with the local density and its search in the outer regions of clusters and lower density regions has been the quest of much recent observational effort. Over the last thirty years, an impressive coherent picture of the formation and evolution of cosmic structures has emerged from the intense interplay between observations, theory and numerical experiments. Future efforts will continue to test whether this picture keeps being valid, needs corrections or suffers dramatic failures in its predictive power.