一种经济型测量传声器的改装、校准及应用

基于一种消费电子类的麦克风设计改装了一种经济型测量传声器,并设计了校准实验装置对其进行校准.对校准实验装置的可靠性进行了验证,利用该装置对自制传声器的幅值、相位进行了校准,将校准后的传声器安装在实验室的流管实验装置上进行测量,并和B&K(Bruel&Kjaer)公司的4938型传声器同样条件下的测量结果进行比较,对比结果显示自制传声器经过校准以后可以作为测量传声器应用.      

空间站柔性机械臂辅助舱段对接动力学分析

为验证空间站柔性机械臂系统在有初始位置、姿态误差的情况下能否成功完成辅助舱段对接任务,文章建立了空间站柔性机械臂辅助舱段对接动力学模型,模型考虑了对接机构的接触碰撞,依据关节精细动力学模型、力矩控制方法和阻抗控制程序进行了空间柔性机械臂辅助舱段对接过程仿真。仿真结果表明,当关节输出端位置测量精度为17位时,依靠阻抗控制的方法,空间柔性机械臂在主动舱存在最大位置误差150mm,最大姿态误差2.5°的情况下仍能完成对接;对接成功后,空间柔性机械臂系统控制力迅速下降,仍然能较好地保持构型,不会影响对接舱段的安全。     

硼酸金属化合物的制备及其电催化活性

采用电化学沉积法于室温、碱性条件下在氧化铟锡(ITO,Indium Tin Oxide)表面制备了硼酸钴(CoBi)、硼酸镍(NiBi)、硼酸锰(MnBi)、硼酸铑(RhBi)、硼酸钯(PdBi)几种无定形的硼酸金属化合物薄膜,并对其形貌和结构进行表征,结果表明几种薄膜均为无定形结构.将这几种硼酸金属化合物应用于电化学催化水氧化制氧,对比其催化活性,发现CoBi,NiBi,RhBi具有较高的催化性能,而MnBi和PdBi催化活性较低.进一步研究硼酸pH值对CoBi电催化水分解的影响.发现硼酸有利于金属化合物的制备,pH7~11范围内,HBO₃^2-作为质子受体含量逐渐增大,能接受放氧过程产生的质子,促进催化水分解过程的进行.所得催化剂可自我修复,实现循环利用.     

电容式传声器自由场互易校准数据处理系统设计

基于LabVIEW和Matlab软件开发平台设计了传声器自由场互易校准数据处理系统,该系统可以有效提取电转移阻抗信号,计算声中心和灵敏度级,并通过软件测试证明了系统的可行性。     

微等离子体转化二氧化碳发射光谱诊断

火星大气层的主要成分为二氧化碳,如果能够利用低温等离子体方法高效分解二氧化碳,使其转化为氧气和一氧化碳加以利用,可以大幅降低航天员生命保障相关载荷长途运输的成本,进一步提高生命保障能力.低温等离子体放电过程中会产生大量活性组分,可以在数百度温度下实现二氧化碳的高效解离,是具有很大潜力的二氧化碳解离与转化方式.设计了一种...     

一种基于数字信号处理的阻抗参数测量新方法

利用数字信号处理理论与技术提出了一种阻抗参数测量新方法,即采用任意的周期信号作为测量的激励信号,激励信号的信噪比可以很低;采用高镜频抑制比的数字正交采样滤波器得到被测阻抗和标准阻抗上的电压采样序列的同相分量与正交分量,并据此确定被测阻抗参数,该方法能得到较高的阻抗参数测量精度和较宽的测量范围,并且硬件电路实现比较容易.文中给出了计算机仿真分析和硬件实现系统的实验结果,证明了新方法的有效性和正确性.     

磁过滤直流真空阴极弧制备类金刚石膜的结构和力学性能研究

采用磁过滤直流真空阴极弧沉积技术在硅片、不锈钢片基体上制备了类金刚石(DLC)膜。检测结果表明,膜中存在着微米级的大颗粒分布,膜厚为290nm,sp3键的含量为62.23%。所制备的薄膜具有典型的DLC膜Raman光谱特征,耐磨性能优良,膜与基体的结合性能良好。     

Aviation-oriented Micromachining Technology-Micro-ECM in Pure Water

This article proposes a precise and ecofriendly micromachining technology for aerospace application called electrochemical machining in pure water （PW-ECM）. On the basis of the principles of water dissociation, a series of test setups and tests are devised and performed under different conditions. These tests explain the need for technological conditions realizing PW-ECM, and further explore the technological principles. The results from the tests demonstrate a successful removal of electrolytic slime by means of ultrasonic vibration of the workpiece. To ensure the stability and reliability of PW-ECM process, a new combined machining method of PW-ECM assisted with ultrasonic vibration （PW-ECM/USV） is devised. Trilateral and square cavities and holes as well as a group of English alphabets are worked out on a stainless steel plate. It is confirmed that PW-ECM will be probably an efficient new aviation precision machining method.     

Triton, Pluto, Centaurs, and Trans-Neptunian Bodies

The diverse populations of icy bodies of the outer Solar System (OSS) give critical information on the composition and structure of the solar nebula and the early phases of planet formation. The two principal repositories of icy bodies are the Kuiper belt or disk, and the Oort Cloud, both of which are the source regions of the comets. Nearly 1000 individual Kuiper belt objects have been discovered; their dynamical distribution is a clue to the early outward migration and gravitational scattering power of Neptune. Pluto is perhaps the largest Kuiper belt object. Pluto is distinguished by its large satellite, a variable atmosphere, and a surface composed of several ices and probable organic solid materials that give it color. Triton is probably a former member of the Kuiper belt population, suggested by its retrograde orbit as a satellite of Neptune. Like Pluto, Triton has a variable atmosphere, compositionally diverse icy surface, and an organic atmospheric haze. Centaur objects appear to come from the Kuiper belt and occupy temporary orbits in the planetary zone; the compositional similarity of one well studied Centaur (5145 Pholus) to comets is notable. New discoveries continue apace, as observational surveys reveal new objects and refined observing techniques yield more physical information about specific bodies.     

Pre-Main Sequence Stars Seen by ISO

Observations of pre-main sequence objects (T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be and FU Orionis stars) obtained with the instrumentation on board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) are reviewed. All the observations have been mainly carried out by using the two spectrographs SWS and LWS, adopting their low resolution modes and such data have been used both for lines detection and to reconstruct the spectral energy distributions. Line emission and photometric behaviour of pre-main sequence objects have been analyzed in the framework of the current models, discussing the agreement (or disagreement) with them and trying to derive the questions which should be answered by the forthcoming FIR instrumentation. Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.