基于最优控制的落角约束攻击设计

针对导弹落角控制和精度控制的矛盾,运用飞行力学原理和最优控制理论,以落地速度倾角作为终端约束,以脱靶量、最小能量为性能指标,给出了一种适用于攻击地面目标的最优导引律。设计了导弹三通道的PID控制器,最后进行了导弹的6DOF仿真研究,仿真验证了设计方法的有效性。     

基于协同多任务分配的飞机排班模型与算法

航空公司的航班运行一直存在安全与成本的矛盾:既要严格按规定完成飞机例行检修,优先保障运行安全,又要尽可能提高飞机日利用率,以降低运行成本.为此,研究基于协同多任务分配的飞机排班问题.分析例行检修约束,建立最优化飞机日利用率的数学模型,运用分枝定价算法进行求解.分枝定价算法引入检修节点和虚拟飞机节点的定义,将分配的航班飞...     

飞行器尖化前缘的热结构特性

在分析尖化前缘热环境特性的基础上,给出了尖化前缘相应的热结构特性的计算和分析,分析结果表明：尖化前缘热流密度在2～3个自由程内下降到原来的1/3,而表面温度仅有10%的下降;高热导率的防热材料可降低前缘的最高表面温度,对非烧蚀热防护十分有利,它还可提高后部的表面温度,增加辐射散热的力度,这是非烧蚀热防护的重要机制.     

低阻高隐身前缘布局特性研究

在高隐身布局设计研究中,为追求隐身特性,往往会损失部分气动效率。为更好地兼顾隐身特性和气动特性,通过对融合式布局的前缘进行修型,提出一种低阻高隐身前缘布局。对三种不同机身布局进行雷达散射特性和气动特性建模计算,得出修型后布局雷达散射截面降低,且波峰波瓣很窄,同时在气动上提高了升阻比,减小了配平损失,从而较大地提高了气动效率。     

复合材料层合板宽度尺寸效应的混合模型

研究了影响复合材料层合板强度尺寸效应的两个主要影响因素:统计尺寸效应和自由边效应。统计尺寸效应采用经典的Weibull最弱环理论描述。提出了"废宽度"的概念,将自由边效应和最终失效强度联系起来。综合这两种效应,得到了影响纤维增强复合材料(Fiber reinforced plastic,FRP)宽度尺寸效应的混合模型。引用D Kujawski的试验数据对混合模型进行了验证,结果表明:混合模型能够准确地预测不同宽度试件的最终失效强度。     

落角与视场约束制导控制一体化策略

针对考虑视场(FOV)约束和落角约束的高超声速飞行器高精度打击问题,提出一种基于自适应动态规划(ADP)的新型制导控制一体化(IGC)策略。首先设计一种融合视场角与落角约束的视场角指令,在视场角精确跟踪的同时实现精确命中并满足两种约束,从而将约束问题转化为跟踪问题;然后,借助干扰观测技术估计制导控制一体化模型中不确定性并引入到性能指标设计中,又同时将视场角约束与落角约束考虑进去,设计基于自适应动态规划的制导控制一体化方法。利用ADP的强化学习思想求解出最优控制策略,既保证高超声速飞行器的精准打击,又满足视场角约束与落角约束,而且兼顾了对不确定性的鲁棒性。仿真结果验证了本文所提方法的有效性与优势。     

水洞实验图像的一种测量与处理方法

在水洞实验中,由于光线在空气、水和观察窗面板中发生折射,准确实验图像的获取一直是一个难题。本文在大量水洞实验图象测量经验积累的基础上,以水洞模型超空化实验中的超空泡外形测量为例,提出了一种基于计算机图形学的水洞实验图像测量与处理的三步法。该方法不仅可对水洞实验中所拍摄的图像进行修正,消除因不同介质引起的折射误差,而且把图像数据化,可利用计算机对图形自动进行定量处理。经多次应用表明,图像测量与处理的三步法应用方便,具有较高的精度,取得了很好的应用效果。     

Plastic wrinkling model and characteristics of shear enforced Ti-alloy thin-walled tubes under combination die constraints and differential temperature fields

Plastic wrinkling predictions and shear enforced wrinkling characteristics of Ti-alloy thin-walled tubes under combination die constraints have become key problems urgently in need of solutions in order to improve forming quality in their shear bending processes under differential temperature fields. To address this, a wrinkling wave function was developed by considering their shear bend deformation characteristics. Based on this wave function and the thin shell theory, an energy prediction model for this type of wrinkling was established. This model enables considera-tion of the effects of shear deformation zone ranges, material parameters, loading modes, and fric-tion coefficients between tube and dies on the minimum wrinkling energy. Tube wrinkling sensitive zones (WSZs) can be revealed by combining this wrinkling prediction model with a thermal-mechanical coupled finite element model for simulating these bending processes. The reliability of this wrinkling prediction model was verified, and an investigation into the tube wrinkling char-acteristics was carried out based on the experimental conditions. This found that the WSZs are located on either a single side or both sides of the maximum shear stress zone. When the friction coefficients between the tube and the various dies coincide, the WSZs are located on both sides. The larger the value of the tube inner corner radius and/or the smaller the value of the outer corner radius, the smaller the wrinkling probability. With an increase in the value of the moving die dis-placement, the wrinkling probability increases at first, and then decreases.     

Experiments on unsteady vortex flowfield of typical rotor airfoils under dynamic stall conditions

A new experiment for airfoil dynamic stall is conducted by employing the advanced particle image velocimetry(PIV) technology in an open-return wind tunnel. The aim of this experimental investigation is to demonstrate the influences of different motion parameters on the convection velocity, position and strength of leading edge vortex(LEV) of airfoil under different dynamic stall conditions. Two different typical rotor airfoils, OA209 and SC1095, are measured at different free stream velocities, oscillation frequencies, and angles of attack. It is demonstrated by the measured data that the airfoil with larger leading edge radius could notably decrease the strength of LEV. The angle of attack(Ao A) of airfoil can obviously influence the dynamic stall characteristics of airfoil,and the LEV would be effectively inhibited by decreasing the mean pitch angle. In addition, the convection velocity of LEV is estimated in this measurement, and the results demonstrate that the influence of airfoil shape on convection velocity of LEV is limited, but the convection velocity of LEV would be increased by enlarging the oscillation frequency. Meanwhile, the convection velocity of LEV is a time variant value, and this value would increase as the LEV convects to the trailing edge of airfoil.     

带配平翼月球返回舱跳跃再入轨迹优化设计

为解决小升阻比月球返回舱再入大气层时安全性低、机动能力差的问题,提出采用一种带配平翼的中等升阻比返回舱做为月球采样返回舱,并对动压约束下轨迹优化问题进行了分析。首先介绍了一阶状态变量约束最优控制问题。然后采用庞德里亚金极大值原理以总吸热量最小为优化目标,对动压约束下再入轨道的初始再入段进行了优化设计,给出了升力系数的最优表达式。仿真研究表明,该方法能有效地降低返回舱再入过程中的动压。