军航活动下扇区动态容量评估研究

民航业迅速发展,空域资源的稀缺性日益凸显。科学合理地评估空域容量是解决空中交通流量瓶颈的关键,同时也为制定流量管理策略提供科学的依据。由于我国体制的特殊性,军航活动一直是我国空域资源限制的重要因素。研究并详细分析军航活动对扇区容量损失作用的机理,定量地评估军航活动对扇区容量的影响,建立军航活动影响下的扇区动态容量评估模型,结论表明模型有一定的参考意义。     

负游隙对高速高温薄壁圆柱滚子轴承动态性能的影响分析

计算了圆柱滚子轴承径向游隙为负值时的等效径向预紧载荷,并考虑等效径向预紧载荷下的套圈弹性变形,通过求解包含套圈弹性变形接触变形等效径向预紧载荷的非线性方程组,得到负游隙圆柱滚子轴承内部的载荷分布情况,以及负径向游隙带来的套圈周向应力.以此分析了负游隙对轴承承载性能及疲劳寿命的影响.结果表明:负径向游隙能够有效降低轴承打滑率,但同时也会降低轴承疲劳寿命,因此在负游隙设计时需同时考虑打滑率和轴承寿命,选择恰当的负游隙.     

Nonlinear dynamic modeling of a helicopter planetary gear train for carrier plate crack fault diagnosis

Planetary gear train plays a significant role in a helicopter operation and its health is of great importance for the flight safety of the helicopter. This paper investigates the effects of a planet carrier plate crack on the dynamic characteristics of a planetary gear train, and thus finds an effec-tive method to diagnose crack fault. A dynamic model is developed to analyze the torsional vibra-tion of a planetary gear train with a cracked planet carrier plate. The model takes into consideration nonlinear factors such as the time-varying meshing stiffness, gear backlash and viscous damping. Investigation of the deformation of the cracked carrier plate under static stress is performed in order to simulate the dynamic effects of the planet carrier crack on the angular displacement of car-rier posts. Validation shows good accuracy of the developed dynamic model in predicting dynamic characteristics of a planetary gear train. Fault features extracted from predictions of the model reveal the correspondence between vibration characteristic and the conditions (length and position) of a planet carrier crack clearly.     

Advances and trends in plastic forming technologies for welded tubes

With the implementation of environmental protection, sustainable development and conservation-oriented policies, components and parts of thin-walled welded tubes have gained increasing application in the aircraft and automotive industries because of their advantages: easily achieving forming and manufacturing process at low cost and in a short time. The current research on welded tube plastic forming is mainly concentrated on tube internal high-pressure forming, tube bending forming, and tube spinning forming. The focuses are on the material properties and characterization of welded tubes, finite element modeling for welded tube forming, and inhomogeneous deformation behavior and the mechanism and rules of deformation coordination in welded tube plastic forming. This paper summarizes the research progress in welded tube plastic forming from these aspects. Finally, with a focus on the urgent demand of the aviation, aerospace and automotive industries for high-strength and light-weight tubes, this paper discusses the development trends and challenges in the theory and technology of welded tube plastic forming in the future. Among them,laser tailor-welded technology will find application in the manufacture of high-strength steel tubes.Tube-end forming technology, such as tube flaring and flanging technology, will expand its application in welded tubes. Therefore, future studies will focus on the FE modeling regarding how to consider effects of welding on residual stresses, welding distortions and microstructure, the inhomogeneous deformation and coordination mechanism of the plastic forming process of tailor-welded tubes, and some end-forming processes of welded tubes, and more comprehensive research on the forming mechanism and limit of welded tubes.     

基于动态逆-滑模的高速飞行器控制器设计

吸气式高超声速飞行器巡航状态下飞行环境复杂,建模时存在非线性以及参数摄动.基于小扰动假设的传统经典控制理论难以适应当前任务对鲁棒性的要求,对此提出了一种非线性动态逆-滑模控制律改进方法.通过对吸气式高超声速飞行器模型精确反馈线性化得到解耦形式的线性方程,为速度和高度设计出动态逆控制律来抵消非线性特性,在动态逆的基础上采用滑模变结构来补偿参数摄动带来的误差.仿真结果表明,所设计的控制方法具有良好的动态性能及鲁棒性.     

金属弹簧管性能影响因素的仿真分析

为了研究高温密封组件金属弹簧性能,本文通过对波音公司编网状弹簧管结构和Streck心脏支架结构的研究,建立了编织弹簧的几何拓扑构型和数学模型,推导了弹簧直径计算公式。采用AUTODESK3D-MAX构建了编织弹簧的仿真模型,用ANSYS仿真软件分别从编织丝直径、编织密度以及编织方法 3方面探究不同测试对弹簧性能的影响。结果表明,增加弹簧丝直径、降低弹簧管轴向方向的编织密度、提高圆周方向的编织密度、向外的弹簧管编织方式可有效提高弹簧管的回弹性能。     

基于非接触式测量的旋转叶片动应变重构方法

基于叶端定时非接触式测量和振动响应传递比的概念,开展高速旋转叶片动应变重构方法的研究。在频域内推导了叶片任意测点位移与任意测点动应变的传递比,给出了单模态共振下响应传递比关于位移和应变模态振型的解析表达式;建立旋转叶片的三维(3D)有限元模型,开展考虑旋转预应力效应的叶片模态分析,提取位移和应变模态振型,获得任意转速下叶端位移与叶根关键点动应变的传递比。开展高速旋转叶片叶端定时非接触式测量实验,采用周向傅里叶算法对叶端定时信号进行处理,获得叶片在不同转速单模态共振下的叶端位移,结合响应传递比,重构5个旋转叶片的关键点动应变。结果表明:旋转叶片在9000r/min和13000r/min转速下发生1阶共振时,与应变片实测结果相比,叶根处应力最大点、次大点和边缘点3个关键点的动应变平均重构误差均小于15%,验证了旋转叶片动应变重构方法的有效性。     

0.3 m低温风洞液氮供给系统研制

基于系统级的一维热流体模拟分析,建立了适用于研究分析0.3 m低温风洞液氮供给系统的数学模型,并开展了系统漏热、两相流及缓冲罐中液氮容积等流体动力学分析;在系统现有控制策略及试验数据的基础上,基于该数学模型开展了系统压力动态响应分析,获得了在阀门动态调节过程中管网压力的瞬态响应,计算结果与试验值的总体误差控制在10%以内。喷射压力一致化改造避免了阀间干扰,添加的回流管道消除了供给末端的两相流现象,使喷射压力控制精度达到1.1%,调节时间减少到23 s,实现了风洞总温快速安全调节和精确控制。     

不同环境因素对引压管腔动态特性影响

为了探索引压管腔在动态压力校准和使用中不同环境因素对动态特性的影响,推导了管腔传压模型和谐振频率关系式,确立了影响管腔动态特性的参数,包括静态压力、温度、气体介质等。采用引压管腔专用实验装置进行了不同环境参数状态的实验验证,结果表明:静态压力仅会影响管腔在谐振频率附近的输出,随着静态压力的增大而非线性增大,对动态特性并无明显改变;温度会改变管腔的谐振频率和动态特性,随着温度的升高,谐振频率增大但输出幅值随之减小;气体介质的不同会彻底改变管腔动态特性,主要取决于介质的声速。该研究为引压管腔在使用环境下数据的评价和数据修正上提供了一定参考依据。     

舰载直升机理论风限图飞行模拟获取方法

获取舰载直升机实用风限图,仅依靠实装飞行试验或建模仿真都是非常困难的。通过起降飞行模拟试验获取理论风限图,结合少量的海上实装飞行验证试验是一种综合较优的方法。起降飞行模拟试验需要真实飞行员和高等级飞行模拟器参与,飞行模拟器中的母舰气流场数据、母舰运动可由建模仿真或试验测试得到,且必须考虑母舰气流场的非定场特性;只有当飞行员视景或视觉反馈受限时(如能见度降低时),飞行模拟器基座的六自由度运动才是必需的;用DIPES或Bedford方法量化飞行员主观操纵负担,结合记录的客观操纵数据,评判起降难度;典型的飞行模拟试验程序包含了不同风况下的进近和甲板着舰,通常每隔15°和5kn一个风况。通过起降飞行模拟试验得到的理论风限图,可以更加有效和安全地指导海上实装飞行验证试验,最终获得实用风限图。