无人机攻击预警机飞行仿真模型初探

高空快速反辐射无人机是未来攻击预警机的重要武器之一。以某型无人机的技术参数为原型,将某型预警机作为假想目标,讨论了将高速反辐射导弹技术与无人机技术相结合的途径,并建立了无人机攻击预警机的飞行仿真模型。对数字仿真的实时结果所进行的分析同时也表明,无人机攻击预警机是可行的。     

The Marginal Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter for Mixed Linear/Nonlinear State Space Models

In this paper, the marginal Rao-Blackwellized particle filter （MRBPF）, which fuses the Rao-Blackwellized particle filter （RBPF） algorithm and the marginal particle filter （MPF） algorithm, is presented. The state space is divided into linear and non-linear parts, which can be estimated separately by the MPF and the optional Kalman filter. Through simulation in the terrain aided navigation （TAN） domain, it is demonstrated that, compared with the RBPF, the root mean square errors （RMSE） and the error variance of the nonlinear state estimations by the proposed MRBPF are respectively reduced by 29% and 96%, while the unique particle count is increased by 80%. It is also found that the MRBPF has better convergence properties, and analysis has shown that the existing RBPF is nothing more than a special case of the MRBPF.     

三维Minkowski空间中的从切曲线

在三维Euc lid空间中,若曲线的位置向量总位于密切平面上,则曲线为平面曲线;若曲线的位置向量总位于法平面上,则曲线为球面曲线。本文给出了三维M inkowsk i空间中一种新类型的曲线———从切曲线,它的位置向量总是位于它的从切平面上。在详细研究从切曲线性质的基础上给出了它的分类。     

一种基于亚像素匹配的高精度视觉定位方法

大多数应用到无人机景象匹配导航中的匹配算法都只能满足像素级精度,且当无人机利用景象匹配定位时图像之间往往存在较大的视觉差异,这种情况下图像匹配精度低且性能会急剧下降。所以选用具有仿射不变特性的特征点进行匹配,结合高斯亚像素拟合原理及特征描述符简化方法,并采用渐进采样一致性(PROSAC)算法剔除误匹配点,最终实现亚像素级的景象匹配定位。实验结果表明,采用此方法可以大大提高图像匹配的精度,提高到0.05像素以内。     

噪声协方差估计新算法在惯性导航系统中的仿真研究

研究一种在动态系统常值误差未知的情况下对线性时变随机系统误差协方差进行估计的新方法。该方法通过构造一个新的时间序列,其协方差由未知参数的线性组合组成,然后用递推最小二乘法来计算新序列的协方差,该方法不需要任何关于噪声的先验知识。从仿真结果来看达到了较好的效果。     

航天飞机最优空间机动轨道

本文对最优空间机动轨道现有的主要研究成果、研究的基本方法及有关结果作了综合评述,并指出有待解决的问题及研究方向。     

一种新的车载DR系统自适应卡尔曼滤波模型

提出了车载DR系统(Dead-Reckoning System)改进的自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波模型及其滤波算法.由于考虑了速率陀螺漂移误差中的马尔柯夫过程成分,和采用描述机动载体运动的"当前"统计模型及自适应算法,提高了DR系统模型的准确性.计算机仿真结果表明,应用该模型和算法与改进前相比,DR系统的定位精度得到明显提高.     

镜反射凹面及相互可视表面的轨道外热流计算

通过对空间表面所受外热流以及镜反射表面所具有的特性的分析，提出了采用蒙特卡罗法计算镜反射凹面及镜反射相互可视表面的轨道热流的方法，并对半球凹面和两相互垂直可视平板的轨道热流进行了计算。     

自适应卡尔曼滤波实时性研究及其应用

自适应卡尔曼滤波在估计系统状态的同时，也估计系统噪声统计值，因而计算量很大，通常在实际的应用中，其实时性很难保证。通过在ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ３０芯片上实现惯性导航系统／全球定位系统（ＩＮＳ／ＧＰＳ）组合导航系统的自适应卡尔曼滤波可以看出，采用ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ３０芯片来解决自适应卡尔曼滤波的实时性问题是可行的。     

Tomographic determination of the spatial distribution of water vapor using GPS observations

With the advent of the GPS navigation system, a promising ground based technique has been introduced which makes it possible to estimate the amount of water vapor in the troposphere from operational GPS networks at relatively low additional costs. While the estimation of the integrated amount is currently well established, the determination of the spatial water vapor distribution and its temporal variation are still a major challenge. To account for the vertical resolution, several tomographic approaches were pursued. We developed the software package AWATOS (atmospheric water vapor tomography software) which is based on the assimilation of double differenced GPS observations. Applying a least-squares inversion, the inhomogeneous spatial distribution of water vapor is determined. An extensive investigation has been carried out in Switzerland. GPS measurements are performed by the dense permanent Swiss national GPS network AGNES of the Swiss Federal Office of Topography (swisstopo). A total of 40 equally distributed water vapor profiles have been estimated on an hourly basis. For the purpose of validation, 22 radiosonde profiles were used at the GPS and meteorological station Payerne. Furthermore, data of the numerical weather model aLMo (alpine model in Switzerland, MeteoSwiss) were compared with the tomographic results. An overall good agreement of the three methods with an rms of better than 1.6 g/m³ absolute humidity was achieved. The results show that AGNES can be used as a dedicated network for the purpose of GPS-tomography, using a horizontal resolution of approximately 50 km and height layers of 300–500 m thickness in the lower troposphere.