Recent experience with different methods of drag prediction

During the recent past the process of engineering design has changed entirely because of rapid developments in computational simulations. In aerodynamic design, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods are slowly superseding empirical methods and design engineers are spending more and more time applying CFD tools to analyze and predict the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicles. The purpose of this paper is to review recent experiences in CFD-based drag prediction with an emphasis on flow solutions governed by the Euler and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. For these types of flow solutions, various drag analysis methodologies are outlined and applied to determine the drag of components of as well as whole-body airplanes, helicopters, and ground-based vehicles at subsonic and transonic flow conditions. The review demonstrates that although significant progress has been made, CFD-based drag prediction still faces a number of hurdles that must be dealt with before it will become more widely accepted.     

高动态环境扩频系统伪码延时的精确估计方法

针对在高动态环境直接扩频系统伪码延时测量所遇到的问题,分析了多普勒频移对伪码延时的影响.利用扩展卡尔曼算法(EKF)对高动态直接扩频信号的载波相位和频率进行了估计,并利用载波辅助技术测量载波相位的变化值来校正伪码延时环,减小多普勒频移对伪码延时的影响,得到了精确的延时估计值,提高了伪码延时锁定环的动态跟踪性能.     

周期对称性在失谐叶盘瞬态响应求解中的应用

提出了利用周期对称性仅使用一个扇区进行失谐叶盘瞬态响应分析的方法,给出了其理论和算法实现过程。该算法的核心思想是将失谐部分移至运动方程的右端作为非线性激励,将失谐问题转化为谐调非线性问题,并采用迭代法或预测位形法进行非线性响应的求解,以单自由度（DOF）系统验证时域推进方法的有效性。最后使用简化失谐叶盘的有限元模型验证了该方法的有效性。结果表明:采用扇区模型可将自由度数从3888减少至324,而每一时间步仅需2~3次迭代即可收敛,扇区模型与整体模型计算结果吻合良好,最大幅值误差为0.14%      

基于塑性应变能的中低周疲劳概率寿命模型

由于材料、尺寸以及载荷等的分散性,涡轮盘疲劳寿命存在较大的分散性。在充分考虑材料加卸载应力、应变及应力比对疲劳寿命影响的基础上,提出了一种适用于中低周疲劳的塑性应变能概率寿命模型。该模型在考虑材料、尺寸和载荷等导致寿命分散的因素的基础上,重点考虑了循环应力应变曲线的分散性,结合根据应力比的二次插值,获得了插值范围内任意应力比下的塑性应变能损伤参量与疲劳寿命的关系。运用所提概率寿命模型结合响应面法与蒙特卡洛法对某涡轮盘螺栓孔模拟试件进行了概率寿命分析。结果显示,模拟试件的计算结果与试验结果的中位寿命仅相差022%,寿命分散系数相差581%,说明本概率寿命模型概率寿命预估精度高。      

循环应力一应变特性的统计分析

鉴于试验数据分散性，用随机过程的方法对循环应力－应变特性进行了理论分析，并给出了统计测定的方法，试验结果得到了呈分布状的循环应力－应变曲线族，证实了理论分析的正确性。     

Turbo码最优周期交织器

从码字重量分布的角度分析了影响Turbo码性能的原因,介绍了Turbo码最优周期交织器的概念,然后基于这一概念,为Turbo码提供了一个新的交织器设计方法, 并对采用这种交织器的Turbo码的性能进行仿真.与几种常用的交织器相比,这样的交织器使Turbo码的性能有了很大改善,这种改善在高信噪比的环境中更为明显.最优周期交织器的应用对于实际的Turbo码交织器设计有重要的意义,对于提高移动通信系统的性能有重要价值.     

Cross-layer design of LT codes and LDPC codes for satellite multimedia broadcast/multicast services

According to large coverage of satellites, there are various channel states in a satellite broadcasting network. In order to introduce an efficient rateless transmission method to satellite multimedia broadcasting/multicast services with finite-length packets, a cross-layer packet transmission method is proposed with Luby transform （LT） codes for efficiency in the network layer and low density parity check （LDPC） codes for reliability in the physical layer jointly. The codewords generated from an LT encoder are divided into finite-length packets, which are encoded by an LDPC encoder subsequently. Based on noise and fading effects of satellite channels, the LT packets received from an LDPC decoder either have no error or are marked as erased, which can be mod- eled as a binary erasure channels （BECs）. By theoretical analysis on LT parameters and LDPC parameters, the relationships between LDPC code rates in the physical layer and LT codes word lengths in the network layer are investigated. With tradeoffs between the LT codes word lengths and the LDPC code rates, optimized cross-layer solutions are achieved with a binary search algorithm. Verified by simulations, the proposed solution for cross-layer parameters design can provide the best transmission mode according to satellite states, so as to improve throughput performance for satellite multimedia transmission.     

UG软件在航空发动机外部管路设计中的应用

论述了UG软件在航空发动机外部管路设计中的应用过程及优势。     

疲劳寿命计性能研究

疲劳寿命计是电阻－疲劳响应记忆元件,外形结构如同普通箔式应变计。介绍所研制疲劳寿命计的原理、恒幅交变应变下的电阻变化特性曲线标定、平均应变及变幅载响应等性能的测试方法和结果。实验结果表明,它有很高的疲劳响应及重复性和稳定性。其原理可用于多种目的的疲劳测试和结构疲劳监测元件。     

微弱GPS信号捕获算法研究

为了快速有效地检测到微弱的GPSC/A码信号,研究一种基于软件接收机的信号捕获算法,分析此算法的信号捕获性能。这种算法利用FFT和IFFT技术加快了捕获速度;针对预检测求和间隔里有可能包括数据位改变,讨论了交替的半个数据位选取方案和整个数据位选取方案两种解决方案。通过仿真分析证明,这种信号捕获算法具有更强的信号检测能力。