双闭环控制反激变换器起动过程

变换器起动期间,由于低的输出电压导致过冲电流,将对变换器造成损坏。本文研究了电压电流双闭环控制反激（Flyback）变换器的起动过程,该变换器采用峰值电流控制芯片来实现。将Flyback变换器的起动过程分为电流过冲、电流调节器调节和电压调节器调节3个阶段。分别讨论了断续模式和连续模式下起动过程的3个阶段的特点,详细分析了影响起动过程电流过冲的因素。文中进行了仿真分析,并且通过对500W,200V／20V原理样机的研制,验证了仿真分析的正确性。     

一种单相光伏并网逆变器改进预测电流控制算法

光伏并网逆变器传统预测电流控制算法由于采样与计算延时会造成差一拍控制,使得逆变器并网电流不能很好地跟踪目标电流,同时逆变器滤波电感模型值与实际值有误差时会造成并网电流谐波大,还可能导致系统不稳定。为克服这些不足,提出了一种改进的预测电流控制方法,可提前一个采样周期对并网逆变器输出电压进行预测,同时利用递推最小二乘法对电感参数进行在线辩识。仿真和试验结果表明所提方法有效提高了逆变器并网电流对目标电流的跟踪精度,减小了并网电流的谐波分量,提高了由逆变器进网的电能的质量。     

Digital fixed-frequency hysteresis current control of a BLDC motor applied for aerospace electrically powered actuators

In the conventional cascade control structure of aerospace electrically powered actuators, the current (or electromagnetic torque) loop plays a critical role in realizing a rapid response for a digitally controlled BrushLess Direct Current (BLDC) motor. Hysteresis Current Control (HCC) is an effective method in improving the performance of current control for a BLDC motor. Nevertheless, the varying modulating frequency in the traditional HCC causes severe problems on the safety of power devices and the electromagnetic compatibility design. A triangular carrier-based fixed-frequency HCC strategy is expanded by relaxing the constraints on the rising and descending rates of the winding current to advance the capability of HCC to realize fixed-frequency modulation in the steady state. Based on that, a new flexible-bound-size quasi-fixed-frequency HCC is proposed, and the range feasible to realize fixed-frequency modulation control can cover the entire running process in the steady state. Meanwhile, a corresponding digital control strategy is designed, and four digitalization rules are proposed to extend the capacity to achieve fixed-frequency modulation control to the unsteady working state, that is, a novel fixed-frequency modulation is realized. Simulation and experimental results prove the effectiveness of this improved fixed-frequency HCC strategy.     

基于改进控制策略与动态无功支撑相结合的高电压穿越方法研究

针对双馈风力发电机高电压穿越问题,利用Laplace变换对电网电压骤升时电磁暂态过渡过程进行分析,得出定子电流不仅含有直流分量,还包含有工频交流成分,并通过仿真频谱验证了理论分析的正确性。不同于常规研究中只在转子电压方程考虑定子磁链的动态变化,而忽略了其对功率外环的影响,分析了定子磁链动态变化对有功、无功解耦的影响,在此基础上对功率外环进行传统矢量控制策略的改进。此外,考虑并网规范对机组无功电流支撑的要求,控制换流器输出与电网电压骤升幅度相匹配的无功电流,帮助故障电网快速恢复。仿真结果表明,该方案不仅能够保证电网电压骤升时双馈机组不脱网运行,而且也满足并网规范对机组无功电流输出的要求,实现高电压穿越。     

平流层飞艇动力推进系统的分析与设计

针对平流层飞艇螺旋桨与直流无刷(DC)电动机匹配问题,建立了直流无刷电动机模型和螺旋桨模型;结合匹配设计和直流无刷电动机转速控制,在Simulink中设计了螺旋桨与直流无刷电动机控制系统仿真模型,研究飞艇在0~10m/s巡航速度下动力推进系统控制响应问题;采用图形用户界面(GUI)编写螺旋桨与直流无刷电动机匹配界面,开发了一种螺旋桨与直流无刷电动机匹配软件;得到了飞艇在0~10m/s巡航速度下,螺旋桨工作转速为535~1071r/min,动力推进系统工作效率为0.558~0.593时推进系统匹配设计的工作曲线,为高空螺旋桨与电动机的匹配设计提供了参考依据.      

磁轴承PWM开关功放电流实时降噪

针对传统低通滤波器在脉冲宽度调制(PWM, Pulse Width Modulation)开关功放电流降噪过程中存在去噪效果与系统带宽难以兼顾的问题,提出了一种基于提升小波变换的功放电流实时降噪法.首先基于dB4提升小波算法,采用滑动数据窗、对称边界拓展和阈值法强制降噪等相结合的方案实现对功放电流的实时降噪.然后根据不同小波分解层数对系统截止频率的影响,确定合适的小波分解层数.实验证明,提升小波实时降噪算法既可以有效地滤除功放电流噪声,又对系统带宽和相角滞后影响较小,非常适用于对实时性和信噪比都有较高要求的磁悬浮高速转子系统.      

On the large-scale structure of the tail current as measured by THEMIS

The magnetic field structure and the spatial characteristics of the large-scale currents in the magnetospheric tail were studied during quiet and moderately disturbed geomagnetic conditions in 2009. The magnetic field of the currents other than the tail current was calculated in terms of a paraboloid model of the Earth’s magnetosphere, A2000, and was subtracted from measurements. It was found on the base of obtained tail current magnetic field radial distribution that the inner edge of the tail current sheet is located in the night side magnetosphere, at distances of about 10 R_E and of about 7 R_E during quiet and disturbed periods respectively. During the disturbance of February 14, 2009 (Dst_min ∼ −35 nT), the B_x and the B_z component of the tail current magnetic field near its inner edge were about 60 nT, and −60 nT that means that strong cross-tail current have been developed. The tail current parameters at different time moments during February 14, 2009 have been estimated. Solar wind conditions during this event were consistent with those during moderate magnetic storms with minimum Dst of about −100 nT. However, the magnetospheric current systems (magnetopause and cross-tail currents) were located at larger geocentric distances than typical during the 2009 extremely quiet epoch and did not provide the expected Dst magnitude. Very small disturbance on the Earth’s surface was detected consistent with an “inflated” magnetosphere.     

射线追踪法在球面收敛调节片喷管RCS计算中的应用

结合射线追踪法的原理,利用自主开发的电磁散射特性计算程序,对具有不同尾缘修型的球面收敛调节片喷管进行了数值模拟计算,分别得到了不同喷管内部腔体散射场和喷管出口边缘绕射场的雷达散射截面积(RCS),并且通过计算获得了不同入射方位角上喷管腔体内壁面上的感应电流,通过对感应电流的分析,从本质上解释了RCS的变化规律.研究结果表明:对喷管出口尾缘所采用的修型措施在降低喷管出口边缘绕射场的RCS和改善喷管电磁隐身性能方面效果显著;相对于普通的遮挡算法,射线追踪法将计算周期缩短了21%以上,明显地提高了计算效率;利用感应电流的分析方法能够清晰直观地从本质上解释RCS的变化规律,并且具有较高的可靠性.      

交流阻抗测量系统中交流小电流测量方法

交流小电流测量是交流阻抗测量的关键技术之一。分析了交流小电流测量对交流阻抗测量的影响,提出采用数字相敏检波原理测量交流小电流的方法,利用互相关技术有效克服放大器噪声对交流小电流测量的影响,完成了交流阻抗测量的预期功能,达到了预期的效果。     

飞机颠簸及其飞行处置

目的研究导致飞机颠簸的天气形势和环境条件;方法通过对颠簸区中的飞行气象条件、影响颠簸的几个主要因素、颠簸对飞行的影响以及在颠簸区中飞行时飞行员应采取的一些措施做了简要介绍,分析飞机颠簸预报指数和指标;结果揭示产生飞机颠簸的气象条件;结论增强飞机气象保障能力,以保障飞行安全。