A strategic flight conflict avoidance approach based on a memetic algorithm

Conflict avoidance （CA） plays a crucial role in guaranteeing the airspace safety. The cur- rent approaches, mostly focusing on a short-term situation which eliminates conflicts via local adjust- ment, cannot provide a global solution. Recently, long-term conflict avoidance approaches, which are proposed to provide solutions via strategically planning traffic flow from a global view, have attracted more attentions. With consideration of the situation in China, there are thousands of flights per day and the air route network is large and complex, which makes the long-term problem to be a large-scale combinatorial optimization problem with complex constraints. To minimize the risk of premature convergence being faced by current approaches and obtain higher quality solutions, in this work, we present an effective strategic framework based on a memetic algorithm （MA）, which can markedly improve search capability via a combination of population-based global search and local improve- ments made by individuals. In addition, a specially designed local search operator and an adaptive local search frequency strategy are proposed to improve the solution quality. Furthermore, a fast genetic algorithm （GA） is presented as the global optimization method. Empirical studies using real traffic data of the Chinese air route network and daily flight plans show that our approach outper- formed the existing approaches including the GA .based approach and the cooperative coevolution based approach as well as some well-known memetic algorithm based approaches.     

垭口地貌要素对风速分布规律影响的风洞试验研究

输电线路微地形气象灾害的调查研究显示,垭口地貌影响下的输电线路风偏闪络事故多发。鉴于垭口地貌不同位置处的风剖面分布规律尚不明确,借助风洞试验,研究了垭口地貌的山丘坡度、谷口宽度等地貌要素对山谷及山脊中轴线上风速分布规律的影响。风洞试验结果表明：与平地风速相比,山谷中轴线及山丘峰顶处风速的最大加速幅度分别达到了33％和53％,明显大于规范规定的10％,容易造成垭口区域内输电线路风偏闪络或倒塔;山谷中轴线风速修正系数随两侧山丘坡度增加而增加,随谷口宽度增加而减小,提出了符合这一规律的计算公式;山谷中轴线上,下风侧风速加速效应略强于上风侧;垭口两侧山丘山顶处风速未受垭口地貌影响,风洞试验测得风速修正系数与单体山丘拟合公式的计算结果基本一致;设计时可统一偏于保守地取用山丘顶部的风速修正系数对平地风速予以修正。     

Aeroelastic two-level optimization for preliminary design of wing structures considering robust constraints

An aeroelastic two-level optimization methodology for preliminary design of wing struc- tures is presented, in which the parameters for structural layout and sizes are taken as design vari- ables in the first-level optimization, and robust constraints in conjunction with conventional aeroelastic constraints are considered in the second-level optimization. A low-order panel method is used for aerodynamic analysis in the first-level optimization, and a high-order panel method is employed in the second-level optimization. It is concluded that the design of the abovementioned structural parameters of a wing can be improved using the present method with high efficiency. An improvement is seen in aeroelastic performance of the wing obtained with the present method when compared to the initial wing. Since these optimized structures are obtained after consideration of aerodynamic and structural uncertainties, they are well suited to encounter these uncertainties when they occur in reality.     

一种折叠弹翼悬挂物的分离轨迹试验技术

提出了一种新的折叠弹翼悬挂物机弹分离轨迹试验技术,重点解决了在机弹分离过程中折叠弹翼动态展开时悬挂物的气动力获取问题。研究表明,提出的试验技术通过将悬挂物气动力修正方法引入到悬挂物分离安全性研究当中,准确地得到悬挂物的分离特性,解决了折叠弹翼悬挂物分离轨迹风洞试验技术瓶颈,为折叠弹翼悬挂物的投放分离安全性提供一套工程实用的解决方案。     

转子-支承耦合结构的模型修正研究

在转子-支承耦合结构的动力学分析过程中,结构模态参数计算结果与实验测试结果往往存在较大差异。针对此问题,应用优化算法对结构动力学模型进行修正,使计算模型能更准确地反映结构特性。建立由梁单元、盘单元、弹性支承单元组成的结构动力学有限元模型;选择优化目标函数、设计参数,并对各参数进行灵敏度分析。应用粒子群算法对选取的设计参数进行优化,得到最优模型。利用转子-滚动轴承实验器进行验证,结果表明,方法能够有效地实现转子-支承耦合结构的动力学模型修正,修正后模型更接近实际结构。     

弹道修正执行机构综述

二维弹道修正弹是一种低成本、高精度的精确打击弹药,修正机构是弹道修正弹上的重要部件,其性能决定了弹丸的弹道修正能力。针对弹道的二维修正需求,介绍了国内外对二维弹道修正弹修正机构的研究状况;列举了应用在二维弹道修正弹上不同类型的修正机构;阐述了不同类型修正机构的工作原理、特点以及各自的局限性。最后,对不同类型修正机构特性进行了比较,给出了相关技术指标,对比了各自的优缺点。阐述了选择和设计执行机构应注意的问题。     

大尺寸复合材料RTM波纹梁设计优化

为了对使用Resin Transfer Molding(RTM)工艺制造的大尺寸复合材料波纹梁进行结构减重设计优化,运用CATIA软件复合材料设计模块对大尺寸波纹梁进行多厚度分区设计,并编制FORTRAN软件二次开发程序对波纹梁铺层角度和顺序进行优化,进行静强度计算,设计并进行波纹梁剪切试验,制造的波纹梁在某型飞机上成功应用并取得了明显的减重效果。     

基于主动失谐优化的叶轮瞬态加减速振动抑制

提出了一种基于主动失谐优化的叶轮瞬态加减速振动抑制方法.首先建立了瞬态加减速激励下的叶轮降阶模型,获得了表征失谐对瞬态振幅影响的失谐放大因子.然后基于降阶模型,采用蒙特卡洛仿真快速计算了一系列瞬态激励下失谐放大因子的概率密度分布,结果表明:失谐放大因子在大多数瞬态激励下受到随机小失谐的影响大于在稳态激励下受到的影响,且...     

基于PSO算法的半球谐振陀螺惯导系统陀螺温度补偿方法

针对半球谐振陀螺受温度影响出现零位漂移的问题，以测温电路温度为基准，建立温度频率函数实时解算温度，提出一种基于粒子群优化(PSO)算法的半球谐振陀螺惯导系统陀螺温度补偿方法。在求解温度时，需要先将温度频率函数转换为一元三次方程，存在测试计算量大的问题。引入逆向拟合思想，建立频率温度函数，提高陀螺输出温度实时性和降低测试计算量，替代了传统陀螺测温硬件电路，为惯导系统轻小型设计提供新思路。考虑温度变化、温度变化率以及两者的交叉项，建立温度补偿模型，引入PSO算法求解模型系数。温度试验结果表明，在温箱温度为-40~50 ℃内，补偿后的半球谐振陀螺的零偏稳定性较补偿前提升了46％。     

Solar cycle and latitude dependence of high-beta suprathermal plasma conditions in interplanetary space between 1.3 and 5.4 AU

The analysis of energetic particles and magnetic field measurements from the Ulysses spacecraft has shown that in a series of events, the energy density contained in the suprathermal tail particle distribution is comparable to or larger than that of the magnetic field, creating conditions of high-beta plasma. In this work we analyze periods of high-beta suprathermal plasma occurrences (β_ep > 1) in interplanetary space, using the ratio (β_ep) of the energetic particle (20 keV to ∼5 MeV) and magnetic field energy densities from measurements covering the entire Ulysses mission lifetime (1990–2009) in order to reveal new or to reconfirm some recently defined interesting characteristics. The main key-results of the work are summarized as follows: (i) we verify that high-beta events are detected within well identified regions corresponding mainly to the vicinity of shock surfaces and magnetic structures, and associated with energetic particle intensity enhancements due to (a) reacceleration at shock-fronts and (b) unusually large magnetic field depressions. (ii) We define three considerable features for the high-beta events, concentrated on the next points: (a) there is an appreciable solar-activity influence on the high-beta events, during the maximum and middle solar-cycle phase, (b) the annual peak magnitude and the number of occurrences of high events are well correlated with the sunspot number, (c) the high-beta suprathermal plasma events present a spatial distribution in heliographic latitudes (HL) up to ∼±80°, and a specific important concentration on the low (−25° ? HL < −6°, 6° < HL ? 25°) and median (−45° ? HL < −25°, 25° < HL ? 45°) latitudes. We also reconfirm by a statistical analysis the results of Marhavilas and Sarris (2011), that the high-beta suprathermal plasma (β_ep > 1) events are characterized by a very large parameter β_ep (up to 1732.5), a great total duration (406 days) and a large percentage of the Ulysses-mission lifetime (which is equal to 6.34% of the total duration with usable measurements, and 11.3% of the duration in presence of suprathermal particles events).