扩展酉矩阵束算法实现稀疏可重构天线阵的优化设计

针对方向图可重构天线阵列的稀疏布阵问题,提出一种基于扩展酉矩阵束算法的优化设计算法。首先建立以阵元位置和多组激励为变量的多方向图联合稀疏优化模型,并利用期望方向图采样数据构建Hankel块矩阵。然后通过centro-Hermitian化处理和酉变换将采样矩阵从复数域转换到实数域,舍弃实矩阵中较小的奇异值对可重构线阵进行稀疏。最后通过对等价矩阵束的广义特征值分解估计稀布阵元位置,进而得到每个方向图对应的激励。仿真验证了该方法能够以阵元非均匀稀疏分布的阵列形式有效实现多个方向图的精确重构。     

Aerodynamic optimization of rotor airfoil based on multi-layer hierarchical constraint method

Rotor airfoil design is investigated in this paper. There are many difficulties for this high-dimensional multi-objective problem when traditional multi-objective optimization methods are used. Therefore, a multi-layer hierarchical constraint method is proposed by coupling principal component analysis (PCA) dimensionality reduction and e-constraint method to translate the orig-inal high-dimensional problem into a bi-objective problem. This paper selects the main design objectives by conducting PCA to the preliminary solution of original problem with consideration of the priority of design objectives. According to the e-constraint method, the design model is estab-lished by treating the two top-ranking design goals as objective and others as variable constraints. A series of bi-objective Pareto curves will be obtained by changing the variable constraints, and the favorable solution can be obtained by analyzing Pareto curve spectrum. This method is applied to the rotor airfoil design and makes great improvement in aerodynamic performance. It is shown that the method is convenient and efficient, beyond which, it facilitates decision-making of the high-dimensional multi-objective engineering problem.     

组合杂交三角形单元的加权能量正交关系

组合变分原理可以增强杂交元方法解的稳定性。建立热传导方程基于区域分解的组合杂交有限元方法,给出单元上温度梯度插值为线性、但温度插值为协调线性插值与非协调二次插值之和的组合杂交三角形单元,并通过数值实验验证理论结果的正确性。结果表明:分片线性温度梯度插值的散度(热源)与非协调温度插值是加权能量正交的;组合杂交三角形元刚度矩阵等同于协调的三角形线性元刚度矩阵,即非协调部分无温度增强特性。     

共熔法制备超高温陶瓷基复合材料

首次采用共熔法制备超高温陶瓷基复合材料,三个样品初始组分分别为ZrB_2与鳞片石墨,ZrB_2、TaB_2、SiC及鳞片石墨,ZrB_2、MoSi_2与鳞片石墨。研究结果表明,共熔法制备的复合材料中各相分散均匀,产物中的石墨高度有序,石墨层间距分别为0.335 4、0.335 9与0.337 7 nm,且三者的微晶厚度分别为63.4、51.5及68.7 nm,拉曼光谱结果表明硼已经掺杂进入了石墨的网格结构。所制得的超高温陶瓷基复合材料样品中均存在一定的孔隙率,且制备的超高温陶瓷基复合材料的热导率较低。该方法为一种新型、快速、一步法制备超高温陶瓷基复合材料工艺。     

异形腔体压电声衬声学性能

为提高压电声衬对低频噪声的抑制范围,对声衬腔体进行结构优化。利用平面波理论构建了两种曲线管道的声学物理模型,并分别建立了两种模型的传递矩阵,以此作为异形腔体亥姆霍兹共振器传递损失计算的理论依据,并通过仿真验证其正确性。结合压电振子的形变对声衬进行有限元仿真分析,结果表明:在压电振子施加500V驱动电压时,两种声衬频率偏移量分别为115Hz和120Hz。与圆柱形腔体声衬进行对比结果表明:在相同腔体厚度范围内,由曲率越大的曲线所生成的腔体,在相同驱动电压条件下,频率变化率越高,这为今后对声衬腔体结构优化提供一种有效的依据。      

新型含甲基苯基硅芳醚芳炔树脂的制备与性能

以1,4-二(4’-乙炔苯氧基)苯与甲基苯基二氯硅烷为原料,通过格氏反应合成具有二苯醚结构的含甲基苯基硅芳醚芳炔(PSEA-P2)树脂,进而制备其碳纤维增强复合材料。通过核磁共振(1H-NMR)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、差热分析(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)、动态热机械分析(DMA)等分析手段对树脂及其复合材料的结构与性能进行表征。结果表明:PSEA-P2树脂加工窗口为110~175℃,适合复合材料模压成型;树脂浇铸体具有优良的力学强度和耐热性能,在室温~450℃未出现玻璃化转变,弯曲强度可达54.3MPa,氮气下热分解温度Td5达到531℃;T300碳纤维增强复合材料室温下弯曲强度可达518.0MPa,400℃下弯曲强度保留率为53%。     

Effect of interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinfroced ceramic-matrix composites

An analytical methodology was developed to investigate the effect of fiber/matrix interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinforced CMCs(ceramic-matrix composites). The Budiansky-Hutchinson-Evans shear-lag model was adopted to analyse the micro-stress field of the damaged composites. The critical matrix strain energy criterion, which presupposes the existence of an ultimate or critical matrix strain energy with matrix, was obtained to simulate the matrix multicracking evolution of CMCs. With the increase of the applied stress, the matrix multicracking and fiber/matrix interface debonding occurred to dissipate the additional energy entered into the composites. The fiber/matrix interface debonded length under matrix multicracking evolution was obtained by treating the interface debonding as a particular crack propagation problem. The conditions for no-debonding and debonding during the evolution of matrix multicracking were discussed in terms of two interfacial properties, i.e., the interface shear stress and interface debonded toughness. When the fiber/matrix interface was bonded, the matrix multicracking evolution was much more intense compared with the interface debonding; when the fiber/matrix interface was debonded, the matrix crack density increased with the increasing of interface shear stress and interface debonded energy. The theoretical results were compared with experimental data of unidirectional SiC/CAS(calcium alumina silicate), SiC/CAS-Ⅱ and SiC/borosilicate composites.      

Z-pins增强陶瓷基复合材料层间Ⅰ型开裂性能预测

基于Z-pins增强陶瓷基复合材料层间Ⅰ型断裂韧性的试验结果、Z-pins增强机理,提出了Z-pins拔出的单线性软化模型.重点考虑了Z-pins直径范围内拔出位移的不一致性,在简单双悬臂梁（DCB）理论的基础上,获得了Z-pins增强陶瓷基复合材料层间Ⅰ型开裂性能的分析预测模型,预测结果与试验结果吻合较好.在此基础上,采用预测模型获得了不同Z-pins直径、裂纹长度下的裂尖能量释放率,并与理想弹簧元法进行了比较.结果表明:当裂尖靠近Z-pins时,随着Z-pins直径增大,两种方法所得的裂尖能释放率的差异逐渐增大,但总体来说差异的量级很小;随着裂纹长度的增加,裂尖逐渐远离Z-pins,两种方法所得的裂尖能释放率的存在较大的差异,不能忽略Z-pins直径范围内拔出位移不一的影响.      

液体火箭发动机充液导管流固耦合动力学特性

为了深入研究流固耦合（FSI）作用对液体火箭发动机充液导管频率特性的影响,采用传递矩阵法(TMM)建立了空间导管流固耦合动力学计算模型.针对真实发动机导管开展了传递矩阵模型与传统基于附加质量的有限元(FEM)（非耦合）模型仿真计算以及模态试验验证,比较了管径、壁厚等结构参数对导管流固耦合作用的影响.结果表明:在流固耦合作用下,导管各阶谐振频率减小、而对应的流体振荡与结构振动幅值增大.管径对导管低阶频率特性的影响较壁厚对其影响更大.对于该算例,当管径大于设计值30%后,耦合作用引起的1阶频率误差高于10%,此时流固耦合不能忽略;而壁厚对1阶谐振频率的影响则小于8%.      

基于距离信息的行人协同导航研究

针对行人在室内导航中GPS信息无法获取以及纯惯导解算结果发散严重的问题,提出了通过协同导航的方式提高行人室内导航精度的方法.利用行人间的相对距离约束关系,抑制纯惯导解算结果的发散.详细推导了行人协同导航的模型,采用信息滤波的方法解算导航结果,并在理论推导中发现信息滤波更加适合行人协同导航的工程实践.设计了一种使用微型惯性测量器和超宽带测距设备的行人协同导航系统,进行实际效果验证.通过数据采集与处理,将行人导航轨迹图输出,分析协同导航以及单独导航的误差,验证协同导航的有效性.实验结果表明,协同导航与单独导航相比,对导航轨迹和导航误差有更好的修正效果.