Optimal Earth’s reentry disposal of the Galileo constellation

Nowadays there is international consensus that space activities must be managed to minimize debris generation and risk. The paper presents a method for the end-of-life (EoL) disposal of spacecraft in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO). The problem is formulated as a multiobjective optimisation one, which is solved with an evolutionary algorithm. An impulsive manoeuvre is optimised to reenter the spacecraft in Earth’s atmosphere within 100?years. Pareto optimal solutions are obtained using the manoeuvre $\mathrm{\Delta }v$ and the time-to-reentry as objective functions to be minimised. To explore at the best the search space a semi-analytical orbit propagator, which can propagate an orbit for 100?years in few seconds, is adopted. An in-depth analysis of the results is carried out to understand the conditions leading to a fast reentry with minimum propellant. For this aim a new way of representing the disposal solutions is introduced. With a single 2D plot we are able to fully describe the time evolution of all the relevant orbital parameters as well as identify the conditions that enables the eccentricity build-up. The EoL disposal of the Galileo constellation is used as test case.     

多机理下的卫星寿命预测方法与应用

针对卫星寿命预测的需求和以往方法未考虑突发故障及退化失效的不足,提出了综合多种机理进行寿命预测的方法。归纳了星上产品的寿命特征和卫星到寿原因,指出了卫星随机失效的分布特征;针对随机失效,建立随单星工作时间和系统结构变化的剩余寿命预测模型,给出了利用动态的在轨工作状态数据求解多阶段分布参数的算法,从而实现剩余寿命的动态分析;综合随机失效、退化、消耗及其在轨变化规律,提出了适用于多机理的、竞争性的寿命预测方法。案例分析表明,综合考虑突发故障、退化失效和消耗,可以得到更合理的寿命预测结果,在星座维持策略中提高备份星计划的可信性。     

卫星导航系统失效性能分析与重构方法研究

摘要： 以建成后的北斗卫星导航系统为对象,研究导航星座中有卫星失效下的星座性能和重构方法.分析不同失效模式下导航星座的服务性能,在此基础上建立导航星座重构构型的优化模型和基于遗传算法的导航星座重构构型优化设计方法;研究星座构型重构过程中卫星的机动策略和机动模型;针对某一具体的失效情况通过仿真计算验证重构模型的有效性和准确性并给出该失效情况下构型重构的机动方案.     

增强型轨道列表星历及其在北斗混合星座中的应用

为了改进北斗卫星数小时内的力模型精度,分析日月引力摄动和光压摄动的短期变化特性,提出基于二次多项式逼近日月引力摄动的15参数增强型轨道列表星历模型。利用该星历模型对北斗的5 GEO + 5 IGSO + 4 MEO混合星座进行了为期11天的星历拟合实验。结果表明,三类卫星在非地影期的2小时星历拟合精度优于1 cm。增强型轨道列表星历模型没有轨道根数的潜在奇点问题,能够为我国北斗星座和星基增强系统提供更多可行的星历模型选择。     

异构巨型星座开放式敏捷架构设计

巨型星座的异构化是市场牵引、任务驱动未来天基系统的大趋势,如何发展好、用好、管理好异构巨型星座是行业内持续探讨的热点。针对异构巨型星座在体系设计、协同组网、灵活应用和系统运行等方面的问题,瞄准“动态协同、高品质服务、无感使用、易于管控”等需求目标,本文提出“联接、感知、智算、传输、研训、管控、应用”七位一体的异构巨型星座体系构建思路,应用开放式设计理念,实现快速、灵活、自主的星座资源整合与调度,支持模块化、可伸缩的多业务、多应用的按需服务。     

星座系统延时对不同业务服务质量的影响研究

文章首先介绍了卫星通信系统延时对不同业务的服务质量的影响,包括对话音业务、常规数据业务的服务质量的影响。然后结合星座系统的应用背景,阐述系统延时可能带来的影响,以确定星座设计时对卫星轨道高度选择的限制。     

空间薄膜结构充气展开研究

空间薄膜结构可以通过气体驱动其展开,与传统的机械展开方式相比,其展开机构较为简单、发射成本低、且折叠体积小,可以应用在空间柔性结构的展开、废弃卫星的离轨等多领域中.针对空间薄膜结构充气展开方式,在高级有限元前后处理软件(LS-PREPOST)中建立模型并设定4种工况,选定一种工况为标准充气情况,而后将模型输出的K文件导...     

基于OPNET的低轨卫星的点波束确定算法(英文)

低轨道卫星通信网络具有低时延的全球覆盖优势。文中提出了一种新的低轨卫星的波束判断方法。该方法首先需要确定用户是否在中心波束,如果不在中心波束,通过两个步骤确定用户所在的边缘波束:第一步采用二维波束算法;第二步采用三维波束算法。基于这些算法,在OPNET平台上实现了具有动态节点和网络协议的铱星通信仿真系统,并获得仿真结果。结果显示,最长可视时间准则明显增加了卫星服务的时间,并且验证了波束宽度模型的应用。     

基于差分进化算法的导航星座在轨重构构型设计

针对有卫星失效下的导航星座,提出了对在轨卫星进行相位机动的方法来对星座的空间构型进行重构,以实现修复和改善星座性能的目的。首先,利用共面高轨和共面低轨变相的方式来对在轨卫星的相位进行调整,建立共面轨道相位机动的数学模型;其次,提出了除重构时间和重构能量外的其他重构指标,包括重构能量均衡度和重构构型恢复性,并建立了各重构指标的数学模型;然后,建立了重构构型的优化模型,并对优化问题中个体的评价手段与编码方式进行设计;最后,以北斗中MEO卫星失效为例,利用差分进化算法对优化模型进行求解,得到以不同重构指标为目标函数下的Pareto前沿。从结果中可以看出该重构方法对星座性能的提升最大可以达到41.2%,同时Pareto前沿中对应的所有重构策略中,重构能量、重构构型的均衡度、重构构型的健壮性的数量级均维持在-1、-3和0的水平。     

LEO enhanced Global Navigation Satellite System (LeGNSS) for real-time precise positioning services

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been widely used in many geosciences areas with its Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) service. However, GNSS still has its own bottleneck, such as the long initialization period of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) without dense reference network. Recently, the concept of PNTRC (Positioning, Navigation, Timing, Remote sensing and Communication) has been put forward, where Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are recruited to fulfill diverse missions. In navigation aspect, a number of selected LEO satellites can be equipped with a transmitter to transmit similar navigation signals to ground users, so that they can serve as GNSS satellites but with much faster geometric change to enhance GNSS capability, which is named as LEO constellation enhanced GNSS (LeGNSS). As a result, the initialization time of PPP is expected to be shortened to the level of a few minutes or even seconds depending on the number of the LEO satellites involved. In this article, we simulate all the relevant data from June 8th to 14th, 2014 and investigate the feasibility of LeGNSS with the concentration on the key issues in the whole data processing for providing real-time PPP service based on a system configuration with fourteen satellites of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), twenty-four satellites of the Global Positioning System (GPS), and sixty-six satellites of the Iridium satellite constellations. At the server-end, Precise Orbit Determination (POD) and Precise Clock Estimation (PCE) with various operational modes are investigated using simulated observations. It is found out that GNSS POD with partial LEO satellites is the most practical mode of LeGNSS operation. At the user-end, the Geometry Dilution Of Precision (GDOP) and Signal-In-Space Ranging Error (SISRE) are calculated and assessed for different positioning schemes in order to demonstrate the performance of LeGNSS. Centimeter level SISRE can be achieved for LeGNSS.