自动铺丝最小间隙路径规划与复合材料锥壳结构制造

自动铺丝技术（AFP）是提高复合材料构件制造效率和降低其制造成本的关键技术和重要手段。铺放轨迹的设计是控制自动铺丝工艺质量的关键。对于复杂的结构形式,合理的铺丝路径对保证可制造性及铺贴质量至关重要。本文针对简化后的后机身锥壳特征结构,研究了基于固定角法、测地线法和变角度法的自动铺丝轨迹算法设计,解决了铺放复杂曲面满覆盖问题;总结对比获得了不同铺丝轨迹方法的特点和适用范围。以保证工艺性并满足结构设计铺层方向为原则,选用了带宽为6.35 mm的自动铺丝预浸料完成工艺验证件制造,并通过有限元分析评估了自动铺丝轨迹算法的合理性。结果表明：该结构宜采用测地线法铺放0°方向铺层以减少褶皱;采用固定角法铺放90°方向铺层能够保证连续铺放;采用结合预浸窄带侧弯试验结果的变角度轨迹规划方法铺放此锥类构件±45°方向铺层能够保持最小间隙。铺丝间隙使锥壳结构单层等效模量下降约30%,整体强度下降约10%。因而在结构优化设计时需考虑自动铺丝工艺对安全裕度影响的因素。     

转动薄壁圆柱筒振动特性:有限元法与解析解的对比

采用解析法和有限元法,研究了科氏力和离心刚化效应对不同约束条件下转动薄壁圆柱筒结构振动特性的影响,并进行了对比分析.结果表明,与解析解相比,有限元法计算得到的静止状态薄壁圆柱筒结构固有频率因边界条件不同而存在不同的差异,其中两端简支边界条件下与解析解吻合较好.随转速增加,前后行波频率差值加大,曲线明显分离,而这种分离趋势随周向波数的增大而减小.由于离心刚化效应的存在,相比于只考虑科氏力的影响,转动薄壁圆柱筒的行波频率有增大的趋势,并且当转速和周向波数较大时,前后行波频率均会大于对应的静频率.      

Investigation of dynamics of discrete framed structures by a numerical wave-based method and an analytical homogenization approach

In this article, the analytical homogenization method of periodic discrete media (HPDM) and the numerical condensed wave finite element method (CWFEM) are employed to study the lon-gitudinal and transverse vibrations of framed structures. The valid frequency range of the HPDM is re-evaluated using the wave propagation feature identified by the CWFEM. The relative error of the wavenumber by the HPDM compared to that by the CWFEM is illustrated in functions of fre-quency and scale ratio. A parametric study on the thickness of the structure is carried out where the dispersion relation and the relative error are given for three different thicknesses. The dynamics of a finite structure such as natural frequency and forced response are also investigated using the HPDM and the CWFEM.     

线性聚酰亚胺粉末冷等静压成型模拟及验证

文摘为了实现聚酰亚胺模塑粉的等静压近净成形,采用有限元软件ABAQUS对线性聚酰亚胺模塑粉的冷等静压(CIP)成型过程进行了模拟分析,利用Cam-Clay模型分析了圆柱体和长方体结构冷等静压成型前后的尺寸变化,并进行检验。结果显示圆柱体模拟与实验结果的误差在2.5%以内,长方体误差控制在4%以内,表明该模拟分析较准确预测了制件的尺寸变化。     

Bush有限单元原理及其在航天器结构建模中的应用

利用大量的数值计算确定了MSC.NASTRAN软件中广义弹簧单元（Bush）刚度阵的解析表达式,通过对比Bush元与剪切梁元的刚度阵,推导了Bush元参数与剪切梁刚度参数的对应关系,并利用展开状态的太阳翼结构和大型桁架结构的静力和动力分析验证了推导结果。该研究揭示了Bush有限单元的原理和所有输入参数的物理含义,有助于Bush元在结构有限元分析中的准确使用。     

BP神经网络理论在模型修正的应用

神经网络由于其本身具有的优越性,已广泛应用于各个领域中的分类、联想问题。将神经网络理论用于对利用有限元分析方法得到的系统模型进行修正,从计算结果看,该方法收敛速度快且收敛到全局最优解。     

大型太阳帆板展开状态动态特性研究

利用有限元技术及自编的 FORTRAN程序计算了单翼太阳帆板约束模态的振型和频率 ,计算结果和实验结果比较表明 ,计算精度在工程上是可以接受的。在此基础上 ,以飞船带有双翼对称太阳帆板为模型 ,计算了太阳帆板在转动和不转动情况下非约束模态的振型和频率。上述计算结果为研究带有挠性太阳帆板的航天器的动力学与控制问题打下了基础     

Mesh-dependence of Material with Softening Behavior

The issue of mesh-dependence emerges when the conventional continuum damage model is applied to handling the softening behavior. In order to circumvent the mesh-dependence, the non-local theory is introduced into the conventional damage model and the finite element formulas are derived for two-dimensional gradient-enhanced damage model. A new element is proposed in which the basic unknown quantities are displacement, non-local equivalent strain and the gradient of non-local equivalent strain. The element and constitutive equation proposed in this article are added to the finite element software ABAQUS through user subroutine UEL. Numerical results show that the gradient-enhanced damage model can eliminate the mesh-dependence and is effective for dealing with the issue of softening behavior.     

The use of Gaussian equations of motions of a satellite for local gravity anomaly recovery

The orbital elements of a low Earth orbiting satellite and their velocities can be used for local determination of gravity anomaly. The important issue is to find direct relations among the anomalies and these parameters. Here, a primary theoretical study is presented for this purpose. The Gaussian equations of motion of a satellite are used to develop integral formulas for recovering the gravity anomalies. The behaviour of kernels of the integrals are investigated for a two-month simulated orbit similar to that of the Gravity field and steady-state ocean circulation explorer (GOCE) mission over Fennoscandia. Numerical investigations show that the integral formulas have neither isotropic nor well-behaved kernels. In such a case, gravity anomaly recovery is not successful due to large spatial truncation error of the integral formulas. Reformulation of the problem by combining the orbital elements and their velocities leads to an integral with a well-behaved kernel which is suitable for our purpose. Also based on these combinations some general relations among the orbital elements and their velocities are obtained which can be used for validation of orbital parameters and their velocities.     

热-机耦合分析的有限元法及其应用

基于有限元分析的基本原理,建立了热-机耦合问题分析的有限元基本方程,并对工件挤压过程及摩擦制动问题进行了分析。算例表明,热-机耦合分析方法能很好地模拟受热结构的温度场和应力应变场,为结构设计和工艺设计提供依据。