嵌入式大气数据传感系统的改进算法

简要介绍了嵌入式大气数据传感系统及其空气动力学模型,提出了求解动、静压和修正参数的改进算法.改进算法首先应用Moore-Penrose广义逆矩阵对非线性方程组进行简化.然后采用改进迭代算法和BP神经网络求解动、静压和修正系数.改进算法在精度、可靠性和实时性上都能满足系统的要求.应用BP神经网络,达到系统要求的精度所需要的计算时间只相当于原有算法的5%,具有更大的实时性优势.     

基于单片机的STD2020型智能测重多机通讯系统

STD2020型智能测重多机通讯系统采用了集CPU与A／D转换于一体Philips公司的80C552单片机为核心器件，配以外围辅助电路，构成了单片机应用系统，实现了对重量信息的实时采集、处理、显示及通讯、报警等多种功能。在论述了该系统的技术要求、系统结构、工作原理、硬件的组成及软件的设计的基础上，还报告了研制成功后的试验情况以及形成产品后，在辽河油田多家采油厂推广应用的情况。     

基于光学引导下飞行员操纵着舰建模

针对驾驶员操纵舰载机着舰的任务,建立一个在菲涅尔透镜光学助降系统(FLOLS)下的改进的驾驶员模型。在人工着舰时,飞行员驾驶飞机对下滑轨迹跟踪为基础,对驾驶员控制飞机的增益进行自适应控制的改进,对驾驶员在FLOLS光学引导下的视觉感受模型进行模糊控制的改进。结合舰载机动力学特性对舰载机着舰任务进行仿真。仿真结果表明了模型的合理性,可为飞行员操纵着舰提供参考。     

运动补偿用惯性器件误差对SAR成像分辨率的影响研究

 为提高合成孔径雷达（SAR）系统的性价比,必须根据SAR成像分辨率的要求和整体系统参数,设计相应精度的运动补偿用捷联惯导系统。在确定SAR运动补偿系统方案和安装方式的基础上,分析不同方向的加速度计和陀螺仪误差对天线相位中心位置测量误差的影响,并利用位置测量误差与SAR成像分辨率之间的关系,进一步明确了不同方向的加速度计和陀螺仪对SAR成像分辨率的影响。研究表明：基于SAR的工作原理和安装方式,x方向加速度计和y方向陀螺仪对SAR成像分辨率的影响明显比其他惯性器件严重;相同误差水平的惯性器件对SAR成像分辨率的影响随着合成孔径时间和工作波长的不同而不同,时间越长,波长越短,影响则越严重。SAR成像仿真证明了结论的正确性。研究结果对于研制高性价比SAR成像运动补偿系统有一定的理论指导意义。     

High Resolution Differential Capacitance Detection Scheme for Micro Levitated Rotor Gyroscope

给出了一种用于新型悬浮结构的使用差分电容进行角度检测的电路分析。为了确保电路具有较小的非线性和高分辨率,进行了电路的噪声分析和和输出信号的非线性度仿真。在电容检测接口中,使用了电荷积分放大器作为前置级以消除由于电容接线引起的寄生电容。分析了当存在耦合电容时差分电容桥的输出以及输出信号的非线性误差,分析结果显示该检测电路可以实现高分辨率和低非线性的角度检测。使用 PSpice 仿真并制作了电容检测印刷电路板。实际实验中,该电路可以检测的最小角度分辨率为 0.04o,非线性误差为 2.3%。     

FADS系统迭代算法的收敛性分析

嵌入式大气数据传感系统采用分布在飞行器前端周线上的压力传感器阵列测量的压力推导大气参数的.介绍了采用迭代法推导大气参数的方法,针对迭代过程中出现的发散问题,提出采用小扰动线性化分析法解决多变量叠代算法的收敛性分析.最后应用Matlab仿真验证,仿真结果表明,在一般的超声速状态下(马赫数小于4.5),该算法是收敛的.     

Improvement in the GERB short wave flux estimations over snow covered surfaces

Because space-borne radiometers do not measure the Earth’s outgoing fluxes directly, angular distribution models (ADMs) are required to relate actual radiance measurement to flux at given solar angle, satellite-viewing geometries, surface, and atmospheric conditions. The conversion of one footprint broad-band radiance into the corresponding flux requires therefore one to first characterize each footprint in terms of surface type and cloud cover properties to properly select the adequate ADM.

A snow (and sea-ice) retrieval technique based on spectral measurements from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) on board Meteosat 8 is presented. It has been developed to improve the scene identification and thus the ADM selection in the near-real time processing of the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) data at the Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium. The improvement in the GERB short wave flux estimations over snow covered scene types resulting from angular conversion using dedicated snow ADMs (e.g., empirical snow ADMs and/or pre-computed theoretical snow ADM) instead of empirical snow-free ADMs is discussed.     

遥感相机次镜组件等效模型的研究

试验模态分析在航空航天领域结构力学的研究中得到广泛的应用,而且起到相当重要的作用。文章探讨了较易破损或是比较昂贵结构的试验模态分析方法－等效模型法。该方法是基于理论和结构灵敏度分析,研究原型与等效模型材料不同时的等效模型研制方法。这一方法被应用于某遥感相机的次镜组件的模态试验分析,得到了较好的结果。     

Spatial and temporal monitoring of drought conditions using the satellite rainfall estimates and remote sensing optical and thermal measurements

Drought is an important natural disaster that causes devastating impacts on the ecosystem, livestock, environment, and society. So far, various remote-sensing methods have been developed to estimate drought conditions, each of which has advantages and restrictions. This study aims to monitor the real-time drought indices at the field scales via the integration of various earth observations. Our proposed method consists of two steps. In the first step, the relationships between long-term standardized precipitation indices (SPI) derived from PERSIANN-CDR rainfall data and two drought-dependent parameters derived from MODIS products, including normalized NDVI and soil-air temperature gradient, are obtained at the spatial resolution of PERSIANN-CDR grid (approximately 25 km). As the next step, the corresponding relationships are applied to estimate the drought index maps at the spatial resolution of MODIS products (1 km). Numerous analyses are carried out to evaluate the proposed method. The results revealed that, from various drought indices, including SPIs of different timescales (1, 3, 6, and 12-months), SPI-3 and SPI-6 are more appropriate to the proposed method in terms of correlation with temperature and vegetation parameters. The findings also demonstrate the competency of the proposed method in estimating SPI indices with average RMSE 0.67 and the average correlation coefficient of 0.74.     

Analysis of precipitable water vapour characteristics from GNSS measurements during the snow season in Liaoning Province,China

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) remote sensing precipitable water vapour (PWV) data from November 2015 to March 2019 were combined with snowfall observation data and used to analyse PWV characteristics in Liaoning Province during the snow season (from November to March the following year) and their relationship with snowfall. The potential of using GNSS for PWV measurements was demonstrated using sounding data with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9 and a mean bias error lower than 0.5 mm. According to the GNSS PWV data gathered at 30-min intervals from 68 GNSS stations in Liaoning during the snow season, the monthly PWV average was highest in November and lowest in January. Negative correlations were found between PWV and altitude. Most of the water vapour was concentrated in the low layer of the atmosphere, and the contribution of this vapour to the PWV was higher during the snow season than in summer. A total of 43 snow cases were identified using the snowfall records from 53 GNSS stations, and the characteristics of PWV during these snowfalls were analysed. An increase in PWV was observed before snowfall events. Moreover, the influence of synoptic systems and air mass origins on PWV was analysed based on National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results show that the water vapour condition was better when the synoptic systems or air masses came from areas south of Liaoning.