纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料的比例极限应力与残余热应力关系

从细观力学角度分析并建立了纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料从制备温度冷却到室温过程中产生的残余热应力与复合材料的比例极限应力的关系模型。该模型表明,减少复合材料的残余热应力或提高复合材料的纤维与基体的模量比,均可提高复合材料的比例极限应力。通过单调拉伸实验测试了先驱体浸渍裂解法(PIP)制备的2D SiC/SiC复合材料的比例极限应力,并采用文中建立的比例极限应力与残余热应力关系模型,计算出复合材料SiC基体的残余热应力为-19.5 MPa。分析表明,该结果是合理的。此外,引用了公开文献报道的5种复合材料体系数据,用于验证文中所建立的比例极限应力与残余热应力关系模型的适应性和可靠性,计算结果与实验结果最大误差为18.6%,表明该模型具有较好的适应性和可靠性,可为纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料的研究提供新思路。     

Theoretical aspects of selecting repeated unit cell model in micromechanical analysis using displacement-based finite element method

Repeated Unit Cell(RUC)is a useful tool in micromechanical analysis of composites using Displacement-based Finite Element(DFE)method,and merely applying Periodic Displacement Boundary Conditions(PDBCs)to RUC is almost a standard practice to conduct such analysis.Two basic questions arising from this practice are whether Periodic Traction Boundary Conditions(PTBCs,also known as traction continuity conditions)are guaranteed and whether the solution is independent of selection of RUCs.This paper presents the theoretical aspects to tackle these questions,which unify the strong form,weak form and DFE method of the micromechanical problem together.Specifically,the solution’s independence of selection of RUCs is dealt with on the strong form side,PTBCs are derived from the weak form as natural boundary conditions,and the validity of merely applying PDBCs in micromechanical Finite Element(FE)analysis is proved by referring to its intrinsic connection to the strong form and weak form.Key points in the theoretical aspects are demonstrated by illustrative examples,and the merits of setting micromechanical FE analysis under the background of a clear theoretical framework are highlighted in the efficient selection of RUCs for Uni Directional(UD)fiber-reinforced composites.     

先进复合材料国防科技重点实验室的航空树脂基复合材料研发进展

归纳先进复合材料国防科技重点实验室在航空先进树脂基复合材料方面的应用和研究进展.研制出超薄热塑性无纺织物层间增韧技术以实现提高复合材料的CAI性能.设计出的多夹层结构具有多层吸收拓展频带的作用,使多夹层隐身复合材料的吸收频宽达1 ～ 18GHz.高韧性树脂基复合材料和耐高温复合材料技术得到发展,并形成预浸料-热压灌成型、液态成型和自动化制造技术体系.发展复合材料固化、树脂流动、固化变形等模拟优化技术,并建立复合材料数据库技术.建立先进复合材料国防科技重点实验室可在支撑航空装备研制,在航空复合材料创新引领、体系主导、基础支撑和保障应用方面发挥作用.     

Effect of interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinfroced ceramic-matrix composites

An analytical methodology was developed to investigate the effect of fiber/matrix interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinforced CMCs(ceramic-matrix composites). The Budiansky-Hutchinson-Evans shear-lag model was adopted to analyse the micro-stress field of the damaged composites. The critical matrix strain energy criterion, which presupposes the existence of an ultimate or critical matrix strain energy with matrix, was obtained to simulate the matrix multicracking evolution of CMCs. With the increase of the applied stress, the matrix multicracking and fiber/matrix interface debonding occurred to dissipate the additional energy entered into the composites. The fiber/matrix interface debonded length under matrix multicracking evolution was obtained by treating the interface debonding as a particular crack propagation problem. The conditions for no-debonding and debonding during the evolution of matrix multicracking were discussed in terms of two interfacial properties, i.e., the interface shear stress and interface debonded toughness. When the fiber/matrix interface was bonded, the matrix multicracking evolution was much more intense compared with the interface debonding; when the fiber/matrix interface was debonded, the matrix crack density increased with the increasing of interface shear stress and interface debonded energy. The theoretical results were compared with experimental data of unidirectional SiC/CAS(calcium alumina silicate), SiC/CAS-Ⅱ and SiC/borosilicate composites.      

Prediction of cutting forces in ball-end milling of 2.5D C/C composites

Machining of carbon/carbon (C/C) composite materials is difficult to carry out due to its high specific stiffness, brittleness, anisotropic, non-homogeneous and low thermal conductivity, which can result in tear, burr, poor surface quality and rapid wear of cutters. Accurate and fast pre-diction of cutting forces is important for milling C/C composite materials with high quality. This paper presents an alternative cutting force model involving the influences of the directions of fiber. Based on the calculated and experimental results, the cutting forces’ coefficients of 2.5D C/C com-posites are evaluated using multiple linear regression method. Verification experiment has been car-ried out through a group of orthogonal tests. Results indicate that the proposed model is reliable and can be used to predict the cutting forces in ball-end milling of 2.5D C/C composites.     

高效湿法缠绕用环氧树脂配方及其复合材料性能

针对高质固体火箭发动机壳体高效的生产要求对不同官能度环氧树脂复配体系的工艺性进行研究,重点开展了多官能团环氧树脂复配体系配方设计及力学性能研究,分别采用DSC(差示扫描分析)、黏度测试进行固化特征温度、固化反应动力学及工艺适用期研究,并最终制备单向层合板及NOL(the Naval Ordnance Laboratory)环进行复合材料性能的测试分析。研究结果表明:三官能度复配的环氧树脂能满足高效湿法缠绕要求。当三官能度的TDE-85质量分数为25%时,综合性能达到最优,适用期仅为120 min,拉伸强度为973 MPa,弯曲强度为115 MPa,玻璃化转变温度高达466 K,较最低值分别提高363%、159%、258%。该树脂体系与纤维匹配性好,复合材料性能优良,NOL环拉伸强度与层间剪切强度分别为256 GPa、744 MPa,纤维强度利用率达766%,适用于固体火箭发动机湿法缠绕成形。     

纤维增强涡轮轴结构失效模式分析方法及试验验证

针对连续纤维增强复合材料涡轮轴结构失效模式分析问题,基于宏-细观力学跨尺度分析方法,建立细观力学代表性体积元(RVE)模型,通过编程模拟实现模型的周期性边界条件,计算纤维增强复合材料应力响应,将其均值应力转化为真实应力,确定失效包线。建立连续纤维增强轴结构力学模型,计算轴结构在扭转载荷下的应力响应。通过复合材料层合板主偏轴关系应力转化,将危险单元各方向宏观应力响应计算结果转化到细观力学RVE模型上,即为细观力学RVE模型受载情况。结合细观力学失效边界确定复合材料轴结构危险位置失效模式,当扭转载荷达到5 000～5 500 N·m之间,复合材料最外层即层6(+45°)首先达到基体拉伸失效载荷。开展复合材料轴结构失效模式试验,在扭转载荷达到6 000 N·m时,声发射信号相互叠加,大部分均为中频信号,中频信号多为基体、界面开裂信号。与模拟仿真计算结果对比分析,验证连续纤维增强复合材料涡轮轴结构失效模式分析方法的有效性。利用所建立模型预测了某型发动机低压涡轮轴的失效载荷及失效模式。     

基于自适应代理模型的结构动力可靠度分析方法

结构动力可靠度分析对于衡量结构的安全状态和工作性能具有重要的指导意义。采用一种同时考虑 动态激励载荷和材料力学性能参数随机性的动力可靠度计算高效方法,通过建立不确定性材料力学性能参数 与条件动力可靠度之间的 Kriging代理模型,推导动力可靠度的解析表达式;提出一个新的学习函数来构建自 适应的 Kriging代理过程,通过复合材料飞行器蒙皮骨架结构在随机振动载荷和随机材料力学性能参数共同作 用下的动力可靠度分析对所提方法的准确性与高效性进行验证。结果表明:所提方法不仅能够避免使用代理 模型对动力可靠度求解时由于使用数值积分所引入的误差,同时能够使用尽可能少的计算成本获得准确的动 力可靠度结果。     

规则回转体自动铺丝轨迹规划与丝束增减

为满足自动铺丝轨迹的满铺覆性要求，针对现阶段自动铺丝轨迹规划存在的不足，提出了不同的丝束增减算法。首先讨论纤维铺放方向的确定和中心轨迹数量的计算，设计不同铺放方向轨迹的生成算法。然后以丝束重叠系数为重要参数，对于纤维局部堆积和空缺问题提出单侧纤维裁剪算法和双侧纤维裁剪算法，并对裁剪后的重叠区域和间隙区域进行面积求解，使得纤维丝束均匀覆于芯模表面。最后基于CATIA CAA二次开发平台，将上述算法集成到纤维铺放CAD系统中，通过运动仿真系统验证算法的正确性。利用提出的丝束增减算法，实现了间隙/重叠区的均匀分布，尽量降低了富树脂区等相关缺陷的聚集对性能的不良影响。     

三维角联锁结构复合材料等效弹性性能有限元分析

在复合材料承载时变形协调的前提下,采用CAD软件绘制三维织物单元体几何模型,然后导入结构分析有限元软件包,对工程中常用的带衬经三维角联锁结构复合材料的弹性性能进行分析,并将0°和90°方向弹性性能预测值及实验值与取向平均法预测值进行比较。结果表明,采用的有限元方法所得预测值及实验值与取向平均法预测值之间具有很好的一致性。