Long term and safe relative orbit design for heterogeneous spacecraft clusters

The problem of obtaining long term relative orbit configurations for spacecraft clusters with realistic operational considerations such as safety, station keeping and inter-spacecraft distances is addressed. Two different approaches are developed for station keeping and safety objectives. In the first approach, relative orbit configurations, or relative TLEs, are found minimizing deviations from reference mean orbit which would maximize the station-keeping objective. In second one, relative configurations are found from a reference initial condition by minimizing probability of collision, hence maximizing the safety objective, between the spacecraft in the cluster which are propagated numerically through a high precision orbit propagator. For the design optimization, a derivative free algorithm is proposed. Effectiveness of the approaches is demonstrated through simulations. Using this design framework, several configurations can be found by exploring the limits of the clusters in terms of spacecraft number, distance bounds and probabilities of collision for long time intervals.     

Group force mobility model and its obstacle avoidance capability

Many mobility models attempt to provide realistic simulation to many real world scenarios. However, existing mobility models, such as RPGM [X. Hong, M. Gerla, G. Pei, C. Chiang, A group mobility model for ad hoc wireless networks, in: Proceedings of ACM/IEEE MSWiM’99, Seattle, WA, August 1999, pp. 53–60] and others, fail to address many aspects. These limitations range from mobile node (MN) collision avoidance, obstacle avoidance, and the interaction of MNs within a group. Our research, the group force mobility model (GFMM) [S.A. Williams, D. Huang, A group force mobility model, Appeared at 9th Communications and Networking Simulation Symposium, April 2006], proposes a novel idea which introduces the concept of attraction and repulsion forces to address many of these limitations. Williams and Huang [A group force mobility model, Appeared at 9th Communications and Networking Simulation Symposium, April 2006] described some of the limitations and drawbacks that many models neglect. This model effectively simulates the interaction of MNs within a group, the interaction of groups to one another, the coherency of a group, and the avoidance of collision with groups, nodes, and obstacles. This paper provides an overview of GFMM and particularly illustrates the GFMM's ability to avoid collision with obstacles, which is a vital property to posses in order to provide a realistic simulaition. We compare our model with the commonly used RPGM model and provide statistical assessments based on connectivity metrics such as link changed, link duration, and relative speed. All will be detailed and explained in this paper.     

珠海市外资企业税收流失测评与防范——基于转让定价避税的视角

外商投资企业通常通过转让定价进行避税,转让定价问题不能仅从名义税负的高低来思考,一切影响企业成本和收益的因素都可以引起外商投资企业做出理性的转让定价避税方式和方向选择。通过对珠海市外商投资企业纳税能力和税收流失规模的评估,认为应从完善外部环境和转让定价的调整及稽查方面入手提高转让定价避税的成本,解决外资企业税收流失问题。     

空间碎片超高速撞击动力学建模与数值仿真技术

阐明了空间碎片超高速撞击数值仿真技术研究的目的、意义和国内外发展状况 ;重点论述了空间碎片超高速撞击数值仿真技术的主要研究内容、技术指标和具体实施途径 ,从而为研究的深入开展提供了技术依据和指导原则     

行为控制月球车的虚拟主体避障技术

论述了基于行为代理体的月球车避障技术。由月球地形高程图得到当地水平面下二色障碍图及着色障碍图，利用月球车代理体在障碍图及着色障碍图中进行避障学习与控制，将获得的控制量投影到月球车体坐标系下得到真实地形上的控制量，达到避障控制与运动规划的目的。利用障碍入侵月球车安全线的径向距离作为避障控制器输入，并由月球车目标趋向行为及避障行为输出融合突现出趋向目标的避障行为。仿真结果表明基于代理体的避障控制器设计方法使运行于真实环境下月球车的避障具有很高的可靠性。     

非合作目标自主交会对接的椭圆蔓叶线势函数制导

针对非合作式航天器自主交会对接任务的安全性要求,提出了一种基于椭圆蔓叶线的人工势函数制导方法。首先根据视线坐标系建立了相对动力学方程与状态方程。进而应用人工势函数制导方法解决了非合作目标航天器自主交会对接与静态障碍物躲避问题,并且把势函数方法与椭圆蔓叶线函数相结合,解决了追踪航天器在接近目标航天器时运行在安全走廊中的安全性要求。应用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了在所提出的制导方法控制下系统的稳定性。最后,用精确的数学模型进行了计算机数值仿真,验证了所提出的制导控制方法的正确性和有效性。
     

Numerical Simulation of Characteristics of CEX Ions in Ion Thruster Optical System

Charge exchange(CEX) ions could inflict severe damages on the ion thruster optical system. This article is aimed at investigating the characteristics of the CEX ions and their influences upon the optical system by means of particle-in- cell(PIC) ion simulation and Monte Carlo collision(MCC) methods. The results from numerical simulation indicate that despite the fact that CEX ions appear in the entire beamlet region near the ion optical system, the ones that present themselves downstream of the accelerator grid have good reason for attracting more attention. As their trajectories are significantly affected by the local electric field, a great number of CEX ions are accelerated toward grids resulting in sputtering erosion. When the influences of the CEX ions are considered in the numerical simulation, there could hardly be observed augments in the screen grid current, but the accelerator grid current increases from zero to 1. 4% of the beamlet current. It can be understood from the numerical simulation that the CEX ions formed in the region far downstream of the accelerator grid should be blamed for the erosion on the downstream surface of the accelerator grid.     

自由飞行环境下碰撞风险研究

自由飞行是解决航路拥挤问题的一种有效方式,因此在自由飞行环境下对飞行碰撞风险进行研究显得尤为重要。提出了自由飞行环境下影响飞机定位误差的主要因素;以概率论为工具,建立了自由飞行环境下的碰撞风险评估模型;分别量化评估了各个主要因素对自由飞行环境下碰撞风险的实际影响度。得到的评估结果表明,碰撞风险模型能有效地对自由飞行环境下的碰撞风险进行评估,验证了模型的可行性。     

Three-dimensional path planning for unmanned aerial vehicle based on interfered fluid dynamical system

This paper proposes a method for planning the three-dimensional path for low-flying unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) in complex terrain based on interfered fluid dynamical system(IFDS) and the theory of obstacle avoidance by the flowing stream. With no requirement of solutions to fluid equations under complex boundary conditions, the proposed method is suitable for situations with complex terrain and different shapes of obstacles. Firstly, by transforming the mountains, radar and anti-aircraft fire in complex terrain into cylindrical, conical, spherical, parallelepiped obstacles and their combinations, the 3D low-flying path planning problem is turned into solving streamlines for obstacle avoidance by fluid flow. Secondly, on the basis of a unified mathematical expression of typical obstacle shapes including sphere, cylinder, cone and parallelepiped, the modulation matrix for interfered fluid dynamical system is constructed and 3D streamlines around a single obstacle are obtained. Solutions to streamlines with multiple obstacles are then derived using weighted average of the velocity field. Thirdly, extra control force method and virtual obstacle method are proposed to deal with the stagnation point and the case of obstacles’ overlapping respectively. Finally, taking path length and flight height as sub-goals, genetic algorithm(GA) is used to obtain optimal 3D path under the maneuverability constraints of the UAV. Simulation results show that the environmental modeling is simple and the path is smooth and suitable for UAV. Theoretical proof is also presented to show that the proposed method has no effect on the characteristics of fluid avoiding obstacles.     

无人机自主防撞关键技术与应用分析

无人机与有人机在多机种和不同合作程度下共享空域飞行是未来的发展趋势,防撞问题成为制约无人机飞出隔离空域的关键挑战。结合现有飞机防撞体系,从无人机防撞特殊性出发分析无人机自主防撞需求,提出无人机自主防撞系统的框架,归纳分析两大主要关键技术——感知探测技术和防撞算法,以及二者的不同应用范围和主要问题,在此基础上提出无人机自主防撞管理体系架构,总结探讨无人机自主防撞关键技术的发展趋势。