基于PSZT的RAINBOW型驱动器研究

基于反铁电陶瓷 (PSZT)化学还原制备的 RAINBOW驱动器是一种具有内部应力偏移 ,兼有还原层和氧化层 ,驱动位移较大的新型驱动器。实验发现 :反铁电陶瓷较易还原 ,理想还原条件为 :870℃保温 2～ 3h;与普通反铁电驱动器相比 ,RAINBOW驱动器能在强度较低的电场作用下发生铁电相变 ,并得到很大的轴向位移 (约 190μm) ;加载方式对 RAINBOW的驱动性能具有决定性的影响     

The primordial Helium-4 abundance determination: systematic effects

By extrapolating to O/H = N/H = 0 the empirical correlations Y–O/H and Y–N/H defined by a relatively large sample of 45 Blue Compact Dwarfs (BCDs), we have obtained a primordial ⁴Helium mass fraction Y _p=0.2443±0.0015 with dY/dZ=2.4±1.0. This result is in excellent agreement with the average Y _p=0.2452±0.0015 determined in the two most metal-deficient BCDs known, I Zw 18 (Z /50) and SBS 0335–052 (Z /41), where the correction for He production is smallest. The quoted error (1) of 1% is statistical and does not include systematic effects. We examine various systematic effects including collisional excitation of hydrogen lines, ionization structure and temperature fluctuation effects, and underlying stellar Hei absorption, and conclude that combining all systematic effects, our Y _p may be underestimated by 2–4%. Taken at face value, our Y _p implies a baryon-to-photon number ratio =(4.7^+1.0 _–0.8)×10^–10 and a baryon mass fraction _b h ² ₁₀₀=0.017±0.005 (2), consistent with the values obtained from deuterium and Cosmic Microwave Background measurements. Correcting Y _p upward by 2–4% would make the agreement even better.     

利用图像处理技术自动评价超光滑表面的清洁度

讨论了利用计算机图像处理技术对精密抛光基片表面清洁自动评价的可能性、优点及应用前景.     

高超声速化学非平衡欧拉方程数值模拟

本文给出了求解高超声速化学非平衡无粘流场的数值模拟方法。计算中采用守恒变量型的ＮＮＤ差分格式和全流场捕捉技术;建立了（数学）奇性轴上的控制方程,克服了通常在其上插值方法所引起的扰动,改善了收敛性和计算精度;化学反应模型由五组元五反应组成;温度和压力的计算是非迭代的,有别于国内外惯用的迭代算法;此外,还发展了背风过低压区的处理方法,从而提高了欧拉方程的应用范围,使无粘非平衡绕流的计算攻角达到３０°     

带座舱飞船高超声速再入非平衡流场的数值研究

本文针对带座舱飞船高超声速再入大气层过程中存在的严重气动加热现象 ,利用简单隐式TVD差分格式和激波捕捉法 ,数值求解三维化学非平衡Navier Stokes方程 ,其中化学模型是 7组分 1 5个化学反应的空气化学模型 ,对带座舱飞船再入高度为 70km和速度为6 7km/s的化学非平衡流场进行了数值模拟 ,给出了带座舱飞船再入迎角为 0°,1 0°和 2 0°情况下的壁面热流、表面压力和电子数密度等参数分布     

Helium-3: Status and Prospects

We report on our continuing efforts to determine 3He abundances in H II regions and planetary nebulae. Our detections of 3He in some PNe show that some stars produce large amounts of 3He. However the H II region abundances show no evidence for this production. From our sample of > 40 H II regions, the subsample which should yield the most reliable abundances has 3He/H abundances which scatter between 1-2 × 10-5. There is no trend with either galactocentric distance or metallicity. Even if we do not understand the underlying mechanisms, we see empirically that stars neither produce nor destroy 3He in a major way. We thus suggest that the level of the "3He Plateau" (3He/H = 1.5 _-0.5 ^+1.0 × 10^-5) is a reasonable estimate for the primordial 3He.     

一种新型古典抛光工艺的技术研究

对抛光模的制作、抛光粉的添加、加压的方式以及抛光后的清洗这一整套生产流程中所涉及的核心技术进行了部分改进和详细介绍,并最终给出了古典法抛光后的玻璃表面利用AFM检测后的表面形貌图,表面的粗糙度、划痕等微观缺陷明显改善。     

高硅条件下锰对奥贝球铁硬度的影响研究

奥贝球墨铸铁能够实现高硬度的同时具有较高的韧性,适合于一定冲击条件下的耐磨零件工作要求,本文针对奥贝球铁高硅成分中锰的作用研究,为该材料的应用提供了实验基础研究。     

离解反应速率常数中的方位因素

以碰撞理论为基础探讨了结构方位因素对离解反应速率常数的影响,建立了计及方位特征的离解反应模型,计算对比了热平衡假设下空气中几个典型的离解反应的Arrhenius图.结果表明,在所选实例中,除了反应N₂+N和O₂+O外,考虑方位因素后确实能够更好地理论估算出反应速率常数.对上述例外文中做了一定的讨论.