栅极偏压对纳米金刚石薄膜沉积过程的影响

在HFCVD系统中施加栅极偏压和衬底偏压,采用双偏压成核和栅极偏压生长的方法成功制备了高质量的纳米金刚石薄膜.采用显微Raman高分辨率SEM和AFM等现代理化分析手段分析纳米金刚石膜的微结构,结果表明双偏压显著促进了金刚石的成核密度,平均晶粒尺寸在20 nm以内.试验观察和理论分析表明栅极偏压促进了热丝附近的等离子体浓度,提高了衬底附近的碳氢基团和氢原子浓度,提高了金刚石的成核密度、在保持晶粒的纳米尺寸的同时保持了较高的成膜质量和较低的生长缺陷.     

极端低温下电液伺服阀温漂特性分析

针对电液伺服阀在极端低温下温漂大的问题，以＋40℃时电液伺服阀初始零偏为基准，采用线性回归方法分析了某型射流管伺服阀不同温度的零偏试验数据，得到了极端低温下的伺服阀温漂与＋40℃时初始零偏的数学关系。分析与试验结果表明：极端低温时射流管伺服阀的温漂与＋40℃时的初始零偏存在非常显著的线性关系。温漂与电液伺服阀制造与装配工艺过程密切相关，与结构及其装配不对称有关。电液伺服阀结构上的微观不对称现象，在极端低温下显现出来，尤其是呈现出较大的温漂。降低温漂的主要措施是提高电液伺服阀结构与装配的对称性，降低初始零偏。     

Comparison of convergence time and positioning accuracy among BDS,GPS and BDS/GPS precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution

Precise point positioning (PPP) usually takes about 30?min to obtain centimetre-level accuracy, which greatly limits its application. To address the drawbacks of convergence speed and positioning accuracy, we develop a PPP model with integrated GPS and BDS observations. Based on the method, stations with global coverage are selected to estimate the fractional cycle bias (FCB) of GPS and BDS. The short-term and long-term time series of wide-lane (WL) FCB, and the single day change of narrow-lane (NL) FCB are analysed. It is found that the range of GPS and BDS non-GEO (IGSO and MEO) WL FCB is stable at up to a 30-day-time frame. At times frame of up to 60?days, the stability is reduced a lot. Whether for short-term or long-term, the changes in the BDS GEO WL FCB are large. Moreover, BDS FCB sometimes undergoes a sudden jump. Besides, 17 and 10 stations were used respectively to investigate the convergence speed and positioning errors with six strategies: BDS ambiguity-float PPP (Bfloat), GPS ambiguity-float PPP (Gfloat), BDS/GPS ambiguity-float PPP (BGfloat), BDS ambiguity-fixed PPP (Bfix), GPS ambiguity-fixed (Gfix), and BDS/GPS ambiguity-fixed (BGfix). The average convergence speed of the ambiguity-fixed solution is greatly improved compared with the ambiguity-float solution. In terms of the average convergence time, the Bfloat is the longest and the BGfix is the shortest among these six strategies. Whether for ambiguity-float PPP or ambiguity-fixed PPP, the convergence reduction time in three directions for the combined system is the largest compared with the single BDS. The average RMS value of the Bfix in three directions (easting (E), northing (N), and up (U)) are 2.0?cm, 1.5?cm, and 5.9?cm respectively, while those of the Gfix are 0.8?cm, 0.5?cm, and 1.7?cm. Compared with single system, the BDS/GPS combined ambiguity-fixed system (BGfix) has the fastest convergence speed and the highest accuracy, with average RMS as 0.7?cm, 0.5?cm, and 1.9?cm for the E, N, U components, respectively.     

Provocative radio transients and base rate bias: A Bayesian argument for conservatism

Most searches for alien radio transmissions have focused on finding omni-directional or purposefully earth-directed beams of enduring duration. However, most of the interesting signals so far detected have been transient and non-repeatable in nature. These signals could very well be the first data points in an ever-growing data base of such signals used to construct a probabilistic argument for the existence of extraterrestrial intelligence. This paper looks at the effect base rate bias could have on deciding which signals to include in such an archive based upon the likely assumption that our ability to discern natural from artificial signals will be less than perfect.     

非线性分离算法及其在飞行试验中的应用

 本文根据最小方差估计和分离算法原理,提出一种新的非线性状态估计和偏差辨识的分离算法。并用此算法确定飞行状态和测试仪器的误差,同时U-D分解保证计算效率和数值稳定性。为了得到数据相容性检验的准确结果,本文采用直接离散化的飞机运动模型,以减小模型误差。通过仿真并在我国两种歼击机上实际应用,结果表明本文所给的算法对不同的初值和噪声统计特性都能得到飞行数据相容性检验的一致结果,并能用于低采样率下的数据相容性检验。     

薄壁零件数控加工工艺质量改进方法

 提出了通过数控加工前期的预防性仿真 (包括几何仿真与物理仿真 )分析与减小工件变形的数控工艺设计过程范式,将工件视为弹性体,模拟实际加工中的工艺约束,建立工艺模型,通过有限元分析检查变形引起的微观误差。并根据工艺成本代价,依次采取进给量局部调整、刀具路径修正、改进装夹方案、改进毛坯结构工艺性 4种策略,减小或消除加工变形误差,达到逐步改进工艺质量的目标。以某薄壁口框验证了通过预防性仿真改进工艺质量的有效性。     

高精度激光陀螺仪温度补偿模型研究

在实际工程中,高精度激光陀螺仪的输出零偏会随着温度变化发生漂移,限制了其应用。为了降低和补偿温度对陀螺零偏的影响,提高陀螺应用性能,降低装备成本,从探究温度对输出零偏的影响因素出发,建立了一种考虑多影响因素的温度补偿模型,并设计了相应的温度试验。试验结果表明,高精度机抖激光陀螺的零偏和温度、温变速率、温度梯度具有较好的相关性和重复性,该温度补偿模型补偿效果显著,可基本消除零偏随温度变化的趋势,有效降低武器装备对零部件的要求,能够降低应用成本,具有很强的实用价值。     

基于ATSUKF算法的卫星姿控系统故障估计

针对卫星姿态控制过程中可能发生的执行机构或敏感器故障,提出了一种基于无损卡尔曼滤波（UKF）及偏差分离原理的自适应二阶无损卡尔曼滤波（ATSUKF）算法。首先,提出TSUKF算法,通过UKF处理姿态机动时的非线性并通过偏差分离原理将非线性系统的状态及故障分别估计,避免非线性模型的线性化过程同时降低了计算过程中的矩阵维度。然后,在TSUKF算法的基础上提出了ATSUKF算法,通过滑动窗口内的残差计算自适应矩阵,使滤波器在统计特性不准确的情况下仍然具有较快的收敛速度,特别适用于卫星快速机动过程中的姿态与故障估计。数值仿真结果表明,ATSUKF算法相较于TSUKF算法能有效降低统计特性不准对系统造成的不利影响,实现卫星姿态、执行机构/敏感器故障的快速估计。     

小束斑电子束脉冲轰击偏压电源的研制

为了获得一种性价比较高的电子束表面处理技术,采用定频调压电路,研制出一种新型偏压脉冲电源。这种电源由偏压主电路拓扑、偏压变压器和偏压整流滤波电路组成,其中偏压主电路由偏压基值发生电路和偏压脉冲发生电路组成。偏压基值发生电路控制偏压脉冲基值,偏压脉冲发生电路控制偏压脉冲频率和占空比。脉冲偏压电源的脉冲基值、脉冲频率、占空比均连续可调,相应实现脉冲束流的幅值、束流频率和占空比的调节。检测分析了脉冲偏压电源的输出电压波形,带载时的输出束流波形,并观察分析了电子束轰击后钨合金组织变化规律。结果表明所研制的脉冲偏压电源输出电压稳定、可调性好,能满足小束斑脉冲电子束轰击工艺的要求。     

基于非结构动网格的跨声速非定常流场求解

对用于非结构动网格生成的弹簧近似方法进行了研究.通过采用顶点弹簧方法,分析研究了弹簧倔强系数的取值,同时通过引入防扭转、防挤压倔强系数和边界修正,对标准弹簧近似方法进行了改进.采用改进后的方法并通过耦合求解了基于ALE(Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian)描述的Euler方程,模拟了做谐和振动的刚性无后掠机翼及某翼身组合体的跨声速绕流.结果表明,改进后的方法可以大大提高网格变形能力和网格质量,且计算结果与实验结果吻合良好.