Detection of Envisat RA2/ICE-1 retracked radar altimetry bias over the Amazon basin rivers using GPS

Altimetry is now routinely used to monitor stage variations over rivers, including in the Amazon basin. It is desirable for hydrologic studies to be able to combine altimetry from different satellite missions with other hydrogeodesy datasets such as leveled gauges and watershed topography. One requirement is to accurately determine altimetry bias, which could be different for river studies from the altimetry calibrated for deep ocean or lake applications. In this study, we estimate the bias in the Envisat ranges derived from the ICE-1 waveform retracking, which are nowadays widely used in hydrologic applications. As a reference, we use an extensive dataset of altitudes of gauge zeros measured by GPS collocated at the gauges. The thirty-nine gauges are spread along the major tributaries of the Amazon basin. The methodology consists in jointly modeling the vertical bias and spatial and temporal slope variations between altimetry series located upstream and downstream of each gauge. The resulting bias of the Envisat ICE-1 retracked altimetry over rivers is 1.044 ± 0.212 m, revealing a significant departure from other Envisat calibrations or from the Jason-2 ICE-1 calibration.     

Modeling and initial assessment of the inter-frequency clock bias for COMPASS GEO satellites

The COMPASS system is a project established by China to develop an independent global satellite navigation system, which has five GEO (Geostationary Orbit) satellites and thirty Non-GEO satellites. An apparent inter-frequency clock bias (IFCB) for COMPASS GEO satellites is investigated using the real data. The bias also is modeled by the different models. Based on the 15 months (DOY 121, 2011–214, 2012) single-day-estimated results, the periodic variation of IFCBs of the COMPASS GEO satellite is studied using a harmonic analysis. The notable periods of 12 h and 8 h are noted. The harmonics-based models with different periods and different orders and quadratic function based model are used to describe the IFCB. The performances show that the 4-order harmonics-based model with the periods of 24, 12, 8 and 6 h is most optimal than others for describing the IFCB of COMPASS GEO satellite. Its amplitudes and phases estimated from a least square fit are used to study the features of the IFCB. The results show that the current amplitudes and phases do not present special features. Although the irregular amplitudes and phases of the model are disadvantageous for the long-term prediction of IFCB, it is obvious that the modeling IFCB can simple its service and a few of coefficients can replace the IFCB series. The performance of the model in short-term prediction IFCB is tested using the ten-day data (DOY 215-224, 2012).     

一种涡卷式电刷弹簧断裂的分析

分析了某电机电刷弹簧断裂的原因,介绍了有关分析试验和消除断裂隐患所采取的措施。这些措施可借鉴于同类型电机电刷弹簧的设计、制造等。     

基于三元天线结构的下滑信标监控位置分析

从天线结构出发,主要阐述分析了近场情况下的信号特征,根据天线路径差来分析不同距离下的信号分布,找出理想监控距离,并推断出监控天线的高度。对比分析了理想监控距离附近的信号分布规律,同时对远场信号分布特征进行阐述,并与近场特征展开差异性对比,通过理论计算建立近场监控位置与远场信号的关联。最后列举在特殊情况下上坡地形和偏置安装时的监控设置。     

基片偏压对磁控溅射制备TiB_2涂层结构及性能的影响

为了提高TiB2涂层的致密性,采用磁控溅射技术,通过改变基片偏压,获得了floating,-30V,-90V三种偏压状态的涂层。利用XRD,SEM、纳米压痕仪、Vickers显微硬度仪和摩擦磨损试验机对涂层的结构和性能进行了分析。结果表明:所有制备涂层只存在六方结构TiB2相,偏压为floating状态时制备的涂层表现出疏松的柱状生长结构,硬度为15GPa。随偏压增大,涂层柱状结构变致密甚至消失,硬度和耐磨损性能都得到提高。偏压-30V提高到-90V,相对于floating状态制备的涂层,晶粒尺寸增加了一倍,达到21nm;柱状结构变致密最终消除;硬度从35.5GPa提高到61.9GPa,实现了超硬;同时耐磨损性能提高,使用摩擦副为直径6mm的Al2O3球进行干摩擦实验时,-90V制备的涂层磨损率为5.6×10-16m3/Nm,相对于-30V涂层降低了一个数量级。     

类Starship飞行器大迎角动态特性数值研究

再入飞行器的动态稳定性是其任务成败的关键因素,因此有必要对新型类Starship飞行器大迎角动态特性进行深入研究。为辨识动导数,采用基于分区弹簧近似法动网格技术的非定常N-S方程求解器开展强迫振动的数值仿真。有限体积离散采用Roe格式及SST湍流模型,时间方向采用全隐式GMRES方法进行迭代求解。在高超声速弹道外形（Hyper ballistic shape,HBS）标模验证的基础上,获得了类Starship飞行器典型大迎角状态下不同飞行马赫数、重心位置、操纵面偏转角、迎角和减缩频率的俯仰动导数变化规律：典型状态下,俯仰动导数超声速时为负,亚声速时为正;随不同因素的变化,Ma=0.3和Ma=5.0时的俯仰动态特性差异明显;高速下操纵面上偏会导致阻尼减小,且后翼影响更显著。计算结果表明了本文方法在宽速域、大空域复杂外形飞行器动态特性辨识中的应用价值。     

悬空衔铁式电磁阀中S形簧片的研制

介绍了一种悬空衔铁式电磁阀用S形簧片的研制,该簧片用于航天器推进系统150 N发动机电磁阀。簧片研制的目标是高寿命、高可靠性和稳定性。根据要求设计生产了工程样机,在研制过程中对簧片的设计,仿真,工艺制造和试验方法进行了探索,并得到了较好的结果,通过了鉴定试验,即将进入工程应用阶段研制。     

光纤环的不对称性对光纤陀螺温度梯度效应影响的研究

本文以匝为单位对光纤环引起的Shupe误差模型进行了量化分析,并提出了一种新的光纤环内部温度分布模型。针对四极对称绕制的光纤环,理论研究了光纤环的不对称性对光纤陀螺温度梯度效应的影响,并进行了实验验证,实验结果与理论吻合得较好。     

飞行数据相容性检验的极大似然方法

 本文提出了一种有效的飞行仪器偏差估计的极大似然方法。为了提高对偏差估计的精度,采用了最小二乘方法对角速率,过载的测量量进行平滑,以减小系统噪声对估计精度的影响;并给出了灵敏度矩阵和初值的确定方法以保证算法的收敛速度。通过数字仿真和对我国几种不同类型飞机的飞机数据实际计算表明,提出的方法能够较准确地辨识出测量仪器的偏差,比普通极大似然法更有效。     

力反馈式电液伺服阀衔铁组件力学模型

电液伺服阀衔铁组件是连接电-机械转换器和液压放大器的柔性构件,其刚度是影响伺服阀动静态特性的重要因素。针对衔铁组件精密零部件刚度的精确分析理论欠缺的问题,将衔铁组件等效为变截面弹性组合梁结构,考虑剪力对结构变形的影响,建立了基于能量守恒原理的衔铁组件柔度矩阵静力学解析模型。进一步,提出了弹簧管、反馈杆和挡板刚度以及组件综合刚度的高精度计算方法。并作了弹簧管刚度测量和反馈杆柔度测量,理论计算结果与测量结果吻合。所建立的衔铁组件柔度矩阵模型及刚度计算式可为衔铁组件柔性构件匹配设计和精密零件刚度标定提供依据。