小数偏差产品质量评估及固定性能分析

为了评估不同小数偏差产品的数据质量和模糊度固定效果，比较了2016年全年的SGG FCB产品和CNES产品，结果表明两种产品具有很高的一致性，SGG FCB产品的数据完整性更好。应用两种产品进行精密单点定位(PPP)固定解的静态结果平面位置精度可以达到1 cm以内，高程位置精度可以达到1~2 cm，采用两种产品获得的PPP模糊度固定率十分接近，动态模式下处理静态数据的位置结果可以达到平面2~3 cm，高程5 cm以内的精度，两组固定解的位置误差结果差异不超过5 mm，模糊度固定成功率分别为92.37%和92.14%，两种小数偏差产品在23分钟左右完成首次固定，能够有效提高PPP的收敛速度。使用两种小数偏差产品得到的机载动态数据结果也非常相近。     

1种满足控制计划要求的凸轮型面设计方法

针对液压机械控制装置要求按给定的稳态控制计划设计杠杆、凸轮、弹簧等结构性能参数的问题,采用了考虑离心飞重块工作在燃油中的浮力效应和液体离心力效应对离心飞重换算轴向离心力的修正方法,精确地计算了转速摆动活门的转速-弹簧位移关系的输入输出特性;利用转速给定装置凸轮杠杆机构的叠加特性解决了油门杆角度和发动机进口温度同时变化时相关的控制计划反映在指令弹簧上的位移计算问题;同时从刚架的运动特性规律中抽象出几何不变性,提出了1种按控制计划的不同要求对转速指令凸轮、慢车温度修正凸轮和大车温度修正凸轮进行设计的方法.设计的凸轮按其内在的输入输出特性关系通过各模块之间的信息传递关系以液压机械的控制方式实现了发动机所要求的复杂转速控制计划,对这一设计方法进行了对比验证,可满足设计要求,具有通用性.     

一种冷热交变环境下太阳帆应力保持方法

针对冷热交变环境导致太阳帆内部应力剧烈变化的问题,基于形状记忆合金(SMA)弹簧提出了太阳帆的张拉方案和薄膜应力保持恒定的方法,该方法利用形状记忆合金在高低温下的刚度非线性特性,有效补偿薄膜和支撑杆之间的间隙变化,以使薄膜内部应力基本保持恒定。针对六边形构型太阳帆开展了数值仿真,首先建立了太阳帆的热分析模型和力学分析模型,获取了高低温工况下的温度场。然后通过热致变形分析得到薄膜与支撑杆在高低温工况下的间隙变化,据此确定形状记忆合金弹簧的参数。最后对太阳帆在高低温工况下的薄膜内部应力进行了验证。     

Tightly combined GPS/Galileo RTK for short and long baselines: Model and performance analysis

To ensure the compatibility and interoperability with modernized GPS, Galileo satellites are capable of broadcasting navigation signals on carrier phase frequencies that overlap with GPS, i.e., GPS/Galileo L1-E1/L5-E5a. Moreover, the GPS/Galileo L2-E5b signals have different frequencies with wavelength differences smaller than 4.2?mm. Such overlapping and narrowly spaced signals between GPS and Galileo bring the opportunity to use the tightly combined double-differenced (DD) model for precise real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning, resulting in improved performance of ambiguity resolution and positioning with respect to the classical standard or loosely combined DD model. In this paper, we focus on the model and performance assessment of tightly combined GPS/Galileo L1-E1/L2-E5b/L5-E5a RTK for short and long baselines. We first investigate the tightly combined GPS/Galileo DD observational model for both short and long baselines with simultaneously considering the GPS/Galileo overlapping and non-overlapping frequencies. Particularly, we introduce a reparameterization approach to solve the rank deficiency that caused by the correlation between the DISB parameters and the DD ionospheric parameters for both overlapping and non-overlapping frequencies. Then we present performance assessment for the tightly combined GPS/Galileo RTK model with real-time estimation of the differential inter-system bias (DISB) parameters for short and long baselines in terms of ratio value, ambiguity dilution of precision (ADOP), ambiguity conditional number, decorrelation number, search count, empirical success rate, time-to-first-fix (TTFF), and positioning accuracy. Results from both static and kinematic experiments demonstrated that compared to the loosely combined model, the tightly combined model can deliver improved performance of ambiguity resolution and precise positioning with different satellite visibility. For the car-driven short baseline experiment with 10° elevation cut-off angle, the tightly combined model can not only significantly increase the ratio value by approximately 27.5% (from 16.0 to 20.4), but also reduce the ambiguity ADOP, the conditional number, and the search count in LAMBDA by approximately 22.2% (from 0.027 to 0.021 cycles), 14.9% (from 199.2 to 169.6), and 25.4% (from 150.1 to 112.0), respectively. Comparable decorrelation number, empirical success rate, and positioning accuracy are also obtained. For the car-driven long baseline experiment, it is also observed that the ambiguity resolution performance in terms of the ratio value, the decorrelation number, the condition number, and the search count are significantly improved by approximately 18.5% (from 2.7 to 3.2), 22.0% (from 0.186 to 0.227), 55.9% (from 937.6 to 413.7), and 10.3% (from 43.8 to 39.3), respectively. Moreover, comparable ADOP, empirical success rate, and positioning accuracy are obtained as well. Additionally, the TTFF can be reduced (from 54.1 to 51.8 epochs with 10° elevation cut-off angle) as well from the results of static experiments.     

静电粉末喷涂工艺在钛弹簧零件上的应用

主要介绍了采用静电喷涂工艺在钛弹簧零件上喷涂尼龙粉末涂层的工艺方法,该零件涂层的质量稳定,可以为其他材料的零件喷涂提供参考。     

激光捷联惯导系统温度误差补偿研究

针对激光陀螺惯性导航系统中惯性器件零偏随温度变化的情况,在-30℃～+50℃温度范围内,通过大量的温度实验,建立了零偏与温度变化的多项式模型,并用该模型对实验数据进行了补偿,扣除地速和重力加速度的分量,惯性器件输出几乎为零。最后在不同温度下进行了初始对准实验,实验结果表明：经过温度补偿后,在-30℃～+50℃ 温度内,俯仰角误差平均在0.0019° 以内,横滚角误差平均在0.0038°以内,航向角误差平均在0.014° 以内,接近了常温下的初始对准精度,满足了系统的指标要求。     

一种微型扭转弹簧的装夹加载机构设计

微型扭转弹簧性能对航天装置起着至关重要的作用，其测试装置也应达到高精度性能测量指标的要求，分析了微型扭转弹簧装夹加载中的一些难点，从而设计了一种用于精密测试微型弹簧扭矩的装夹加载机构。     

Orbital steady motions of a system of two bodies with an elastic connection

Steady motions of a pair of mass points connected by a rigid rod were studied by Abrarova and Karapetyan [1], the motions of a pair of mass points connected by an elastic spring were considered by Burov and Stepanov [2]. The present article is devoted to the existence, stability and bifurcation of the steady motions for a system composed of two bodies connected by an elastic torsional spring. Each of these bodies is a massless bar with mass points at the ends. One supposes that these bars are elastically connected and the system moves in the plane of the orbit of its mass centre. The trivial steady motions are studied (the principal axes of inertia of the system are directed as the radius-vector of the centre of inertia and as the tangent to the orbit). The non-trivial steady motions (the principal axes of inertia of the system are not directed as the radius vector or as the tangent to the orbit and the bars are not orthogonal each other) are also studied. We expose the complete study of the stability and of the bifurcation diagrams.     

Multi-GNSS contributions to differential code biases determination and regional ionospheric modeling in China

Due to the limited number and uneven distribution globally of Beidou Satellite System (BDS) stations, the contributions of BDS to global ionosphere modeling is still not significant. In order to give a more realistic evaluation of the ability for BDS in ionosphere monitoring and multi-GNSS contributions to the performance of Differential Code Biases (DCBs) determination and ionosphere modeling, we select 22 stations from Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) to assess the result of regional ionospheric model and DCBs estimates over China where the visible satellites and monitoring stations for BDS are comparable to those of GPS/GLONASS. Note that all the 22 stations can track the dual- and triple-frequency GPS, GLONASS, and BDS observations. In this study, seven solutions, i.e., GPS-only (G), GLONASS-only (R), BDS-only (C), GPS + BDS (GC), GPS + GLONASS (GR), GLONASS + BDS (RC), GPS + GLONASS + BDS (GRC), are used to test the regional ionosphere modeling over the experimental area. Moreover, the performances of them using single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) method are presented. The experimental results indicate that BDS has the same ionospheric monitoring capability as GPS and GLONASS. Meanwhile, multi-GNSS observations can significantly improve the accuracy of the regional ionospheric models compared with that of GPS-only or GLONASS-only or BDS-only, especially over the edge of the tested region which the accuracy of the model is improved by reducing the RMS of the maximum differences from 5–15 to 2–3 TECu. For satellite DCBs estimates of different systems, the accuracy of them can be improved significantly after combining different system observations, which is improved by reducing the STD of GPS satellite DCB from 0.243 to 0.213, 0.172, and 0.165 ns after adding R, C, and RC observations respectively, with an increment of about 12.3%, 29.4%, and 32.2%. The STD of GLONASS satellite DCB improved from 0.353 to 0.304, 0.271, and 0.243 ns after adding G, C, and GC observations, respectively. The STD of BDS satellite DCB reduced from 0.265 to 0.237, 0.237 and 0.229 ns with the addition of G, R and GR systems respectively, and increased by 10.6%, 10.4%, and 13.6%. From the experimental positioning result, it can be seen that the regional ionospheric models with multi-GNSS observations are better than that with a single satellite system model.     

50CrVA钢汽车扭杆弹簧热处理工艺研究

通过对50CrVA钢汽车扭杆弹簧热处理工艺进行研究并结合现场条件发现，其热处理最佳淬火加热温度为880℃；回火最佳温度为300℃且最佳硬度为48-52HRC。