一种时间欠采样实时频率和二维角估计方法

提出了用均匀平行线阵和阵元输出信号的时间延迟估计时间欠采样来波频率、方位角和仰角的方法.该算法在DFT波束空间使用PRO-ESPRIT方法,实现频率无模糊估计,完成来波信号频率和角度的估计.频率间接估计算法是先估计数字频率,然后用数字频率求模拟频率,其估计方差比直接估计算法的方差要小几个数量级.仿真实验表明了算法的有效性.     

A distributed approach for lidar-based relative state estimation of multi-UAV in GPS-denied environments

In this paper, we present a distributed framework for the lidar-based relative state estimator which achieves highly accurate, real-time trajectory estimation of multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs) in GPS-denied environments. The system builds atop a factor graph, and only onboard sensors and computing power are utilized. Benefiting from the keyframe strategy, each UAV performs relative state estimation individually and broadcasts very partial information without exchanging raw data. The com...     

一种基于频移补偿的apFFT相位估计改进方法及应用

全相位快速傅里叶变换（all phase Fast Fourier Transform,apFFT)相位一致性特点使正弦信号相位估计不受频率估计影响,但由于频谱泄露和栅栏效应,apFFT相位估计性能受信号频率位置影响。针对该问题,提出了一种基于高精度频率估计和补偿的apFFT相位估计方法。首先,对信号进行高精度频率估计,并以此对信号进行频移补偿,然后对补偿信号进行apFFT,最后求解信号相位。蒙特卡洛仿真结果表明：所提算法的相位估计性能不受信号频率位置影响,相位估计误差性能与理论值一致,受两参数克拉美罗界（CRLB₂）约束,约为1.158 2倍的CRLB₂;相位估计性能和抗噪声能力明显优于经典apFFT算法和其他对比算法。更进一步,利用我国首次火星探测器TW-1（天问一号）近火捕获段干涉测量数据进行算法验证,结果表明：相位估计精度约4 mrad,干涉测量时延估计精度约50 ps。     

星敏感器姿态测量相对基准偏差在轨标校方法研究

摘要： 对航天器星敏感间姿态测量基准偏差在轨标校及性能评估问题进行研究.建立包含敏感器安装误差与测量误差的星敏感器模型,针对两种不同形式的安装误差模型,推导出相应的观测方程,基于卡尔曼滤波方法设计相对基准偏差估计器,并比较分析两种估计器实际应用特点.然后针对在轨实际应用,给出一种基于敏感器光轴夹角的标校性能评估方法,通过数学仿真验证星敏感器相对基准偏差的标校的有效性,并基于在轨数据的标校应用获取相对基准偏差在轨特性.     

基于旋转高频信号注入法的内置式永磁同步电机低速段转子位置检测及其误差补偿

旋转高频信号注入法注入信号较为稳定,且位置估计过程不依赖电机参数,因而十分适用于内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)的零、低速转子位置检测。针对传统高频信号注入法无法辨别磁极的问题,用电压方波注入法检测磁极,结合有限元软件仿真,来合理选取方波电压幅值和时长,有效缩短了磁极判断耗时。分析了滤波器和信号离散化对位置估计精度的影响,提出在低速段可用线段拟合带通滤波器中心频率处的相频特性曲线,推导所需补偿角度与电机转速的关系。在理论分析的基础上,采用基于DSP28335的样机平台进行试验,结果表明磁极判断过程稳定,耗时较短,补偿后的位置估计值相比补偿前有明显改善,调速过程中系统动态性能良好。     

Satellite proximate interception vector guidance based on differential games

This paper studies the proximate satellite interception guidance strategies where both the interceptor and target can perform orbital maneuvers with magnitude limited thrusts. This problem is regarded as a pursuit-evasion game since satellites in both sides will try their best to capture or escape. In this game, the distance of these two players is small enough so that the highly nonlinear earth-centered gravitational dynamics can be reduced to the linear Clohessy-Wiltshire (CW) equations. The system is then simplified by introducing the zero effort miss variables. Saddle solution is formulated for the pursuit-evasion game and time-to-go is estimated similarly as that for the exo-atmospheric interception. Then a vector guidance is derived to ensure that the interception can be achieved in the optimal time. The proposed guidance law is validated by numerical simulations.     

带角度约束的多飞行器编队协同拦截制导律设计

针对多枚飞行器协同拦截同一目标的问题,在最优控制与时间调整相结合的基础上,设计了一种带有时间约束与角度约束的协同制导律。首先,在初始时刻(或中段制导结束时刻),根据初始状态及终端角度约束情况,以指定策略为编队中的各飞行器分配拦截角度。其次,采用线性化最优控制的设计方法,解算带有拦截角度约束的最优导引指令。最后,在求解针对运动目标的飞行器剩余时间估计的基础上,根据一致性的方法推导时间调整项的导引指令。仿真结果表明,在典型背景下,设计的制导律能够使多枚飞行器以特定的编队构型协同拦截同一目标,从而有效提高拦截概率。     

Evaluation of geomagnetic field models using magnetometer measurements for satellite attitude determination system at low earth orbits: Case studies

In this study, different geomagnetic field models are compared in order to study the errors resulting from the representation of magnetic fields that affect the satellite attitude system. For this purpose, we used magnetometer data from two Low Earth Orbit (LEO) spacecraft and the geomagnetic models IGRF-12 (Thébault et al., 2015) and T89 (Tsyganenko, 1989) models to study the differences between the magnetic field components, strength and the angle between the predicted and observed vector magnetic fields. The comparisons were made during geomagnetically active and quiet days to see the effects of the geomagnetic storms and sub-storms on the predicted and observed magnetic fields and angles. The angles, in turn, are used to estimate the spacecraft attitude and hence, the differences between model and observations as well as between two models become important to determine and reduce the errors associated with the models under different space environment conditions. We show that the models differ from the observations even during the geomagnetically quiet times but the associated errors during the geomagnetically active times increase. We find that the T89 model gives closer predictions to the observations, especially during active times and the errors are smaller compared to the IGRF-12 model. The magnitude of the error in the angle under both environmental conditions was found to be less than 1°. For the first time, the geomagnetic models were used to address the effects of the near Earth space environment on the satellite attitude.     

基于事件驱动的容积卡尔曼滤波定位算法

以网络化非线性滤波系统为研究对象,为了平衡系统的通信率和滤波精度之间的矛盾,引入随机事件驱动（stochastic event-triggered）的思想,并在此基础上建立了基于残差检测的事件驱动（detected event-triggered）模型。针对系统的强非线性,将线性随机事件驱动滤波系统中的更新结论推广至非线性系统,推导了两种事件驱动机制在容积卡尔曼滤波（CKF）算法框架中的滤波更新过程,得到了检测事件驱动CKF（DECKF）和随机事件驱动CKF（SECKF）两种算法。最后,通过天基平台空间目标跟踪问题对算法性能进行检验。仿真结果表明,当通信率下降20.64%时,DECKF算法的位置跟踪精度和速度跟踪精度相比标准CKF仅下降了5.50%和7.74%。此外,在通信率相同的情形下,DECKF比SECKF的精度高40%以上,证明检测事件驱动模式优于随机事件驱动模式。